PNS Hashmat

PNS/M Hashmat (S-135) is the lead ship of Hashmat-class diesel-electric submarine based on the French Agosta-70-class design.^[2]

History

Construction and deployment

She was initially named SAS Astrant for the South African Navy and laid down on 15 September 1976, and launched on 14 December 1977 at Nantes in France.^[3]

See also

• List of ships of Pakistan Navy

References

1. Ross, David; Bishop, Chris (2016). "(Agosta)". Submarines: WWI to the Present (google books). Book Sales. p. 450. ISBN 9780785834465. Retrieved 29 September 2018.
2. Shabbir, Usman (June 2003). "AGOSTA 90B « PakDef Military Consortium". pakdef.org. Islalamabad: Pak Def Military Consortium. Archived from the original (html) on 16 February 2017. Retrieved 29 September 2018.
3. Shabbir, Usman (June 2003). "AGOSTA 70A". pakdef.org. Islamabad: « PakDef Military Consortium. Archived from the original (html) on 16 February 2017. Retrieved 29 September 2018.

Bibliography

• Chant, Christopher (1987). A Compendium of Armaments and Military Hardware. New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 158–59. ISBN 0-7102-0720-4. OCLC 14965544.
• "Hashmat Class (Fr Agosta-70)". GlobalSecurity.org. 27 April 2005. Retrieved 5 September 2009.