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Amyotha Hluttaw

The Amyotha Hluttaw (Burmese: အမျိုးသားလွှတ်တော်, IPA: [ʔəmjóðá l̥ʊʔtɔ̀]; House of Nationalities) is the de jure upper house of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, the bicameral legislature of Myanmar (Burma). It consists of 224 members, of which 168 are directly elected and 56 appointed by the Myanmar Armed Forces. The last elections to the Amyotha Hluttaw were held in November 2015.[1] At its second meeting on 3 February 2016, Mahn Win Khaing Than and Aye Thar Aung were elected Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Amyotha Hluttaw and Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw as a whole.[2]

After the coup d'état on 1 February 2021, the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw was dissolved by Acting President Myint Swe, who declared a one-year state of emergency and transferred all legislative powers to Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services Min Aung Hlaing.[3]

House of Nationalities Building

Composition

Constituency boundaries

House of Nationalities (Amyotha Hluttaw) consists of 224 members: 168 directly elected and 56 appointed by the Myanmar Armed Forces, under a unique constitutional provision that has no parallel in the world. Twelve representatives are elected by each state or region (inclusive of relevant Union territories, and including one representative from each Self-Administered Division or Self-Administered Zone).[4]

2016–2021

2015 results are as of 20 November 2015. Military appointees are not included in the Amyotha Hluttaw by Regions and States, 2015 table.[7]

2011–2016

See also

References

  1. ^ "Myanmar election commission publishes election final results". Xinhuanet. 17 November 2010. Archived from the original on 20 November 2010.
  2. ^ "Burma's parliament opens new session". BBC News. 31 January 2011.
  3. ^
    • "Amid Coup, Myanmar's NLD Lawmakers Form Committee to Serve as Legitimate Parliament". The Irrawaddy. 8 February 2021. Retrieved 7 April 2021.
    • "Myanmar coup: Week of Feb.1 to Feb. 21, EU action in focus as foreign ministers set to meet". Nikkei Asia. 1 February 2021. Retrieved 7 April 2021.
    • Ratcliffe, Rebecca (5 February 2021). "'We're not brainwashed': a week of turmoil in Myanmar". The Guardian. Retrieved 7 April 2021.
    • Smith, Patrick; Mogul, Rhea; Eppler, Kyle (1 February 2021). "Aung San Suu Kyi urges people to resist Myanmar military coup". NBC News. Retrieved 7 April 2021.
  4. ^ 2008 Constitution, Myanmar. Pg. Article 141 (a)
  5. ^ "Announcement 93/2015". Union Election Commission. Archived from the original on 20 November 2015. Retrieved 20 November 2015.
  6. ^ "Announcement 95/2015". Union Election Commission. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
  7. ^ "Announcement 93/2015". Union Election Commission. Archived from the original on 20 November 2015. Retrieved 20 November 2015.
  8. ^ "Burma's 2010 Elections: A comprehensive report" (PDF). Burma Fund UN Office. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
  9. ^ "New political party says it wants to work for a peaceful Burma". Mizzima. 24 August 2011. Retrieved 24 November 2015.
  10. ^ "NDF MPs rejoin NLD". Mizzima. 9 April 2012. Archived from the original on 25 November 2015. Retrieved 24 November 2015.
  11. ^ a b c "National Assembly – Overview – Parliament Watch". ALTSEAN Burma. Archived from the original on 19 July 2012. Retrieved 24 November 2015.
  12. ^ "National Assembly – Overview – Parliament Watch". ALTSEAN Burma. Archived from the original on 19 July 2012.