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List of Oregon ballot measures

The list of Oregon ballot measures lists all statewide ballot measures to the present.

In Oregon, the initiative and referendum process dates back to 1902, when the efforts of the Direct Legislation League prompted amending the Oregon Constitution for the first time since 1859. The process of initiative and referendum became nationally known as the Oregon System.[1][2]

Types

There are three types of ballot measures: initiatives, referendums, and referrals. Initiatives and referendums may be placed on the ballot if their supporters gather enough signatures from Oregon voters; the number of signatures is a percentage based on the number of voters casting ballots in the most recent election for the Governor of Oregon.

Initiative
Any issue may be placed before the voters, either amending the Constitution or revising or adding to the Oregon Revised Statutes. Constitutional initiatives require the signature of eight percent of recent voters to qualify for the ballot; statutory reforms require six percent.
Referendum
The public may act to undo any bill passed by the Oregon Legislative Assembly, by putting a referendum on the ballot. A referendum requires four percent of recent voters to qualify for the ballot.
Legislative referral
The Legislative Assembly may refer any bill it passes to the public for approval, and they must do so for any amendment to the Constitution. Additionally, the Legislative Assembly may refer revisions to the Constitution; a revision differs from an amendment in that it may alter multiple existing provisions of the Constitution.

The constitutional foundation for ballot measures (and legislation produced by the Oregon Legislative Assembly) may be found in Article IV of the Oregon Constitution,[3] and Chapter 250 of the Oregon Revised Statutes[4] relates to initiative and referendum as well.

The Oregon Blue Book, produced by the Oregon government, maintains a list similar to this one.[5]

1900s

1902

1904

1906

1908

1910s

1912

1913

1914

1916

1917

1918

1919

1920s

1921

1922

1923

1924

1926

1927

1928

1930s

1932

1933

1934

1934

1936

1938

1940s

1942

1944

1945

1946

1947

1948

1950s

1952

1954

1956

1958

1960s

1962

1963

1964

1966

1968

1969

1970s

1972

1973

1974

1976

1977

1978

1980s

1982

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

May 17, 1988 primary election

November 8, 1988 general election[21]

1989

May 16 Special Election

June 27 Special Election

1990s

1990

May

November

1992

May

November

1993

June

November

1994

May

November

Note: Detailed information about elections from 1995 to the present, including ballot measure text, sponsorship, and arguments for and against, may be found at the Oregon Secretary of State's web site.[26]

1995

May

1996

May

November

November 5 General Election

1997

May

November

1998

May

November

1999

November

2000s

2000

May

November

2002

May

September

November

General Election: Detailed information on Measures 14-18 and 21–27,[67] and official election results[68] available at the Secretary of State's web site.

2003

January

September

2004

February

November

In the fall election, Measure 36 (outlawing gay marriage) dominated public attention: 81,667 (or 4.7%) more votes were cast on Measure 36 than the average of all other measures on the ballot. Measure 37 (restricting land use regulation) was contentious before the election, and became more controversial after the fact, as state and local governments attempted to implement it.

Two other measures passed in 2004, both referred by the Legislature for the general election, and neither one drawing any opposition in the Voters' Pamphlet. Measure 31 made it possible to postpone certain elections in the event of a candidate's death, and Measure 32 changed the way revenue from mobile home taxes is handled.[77]

2006

In 2006, voters considered 11 statewide ballot measures. All were placed on the ballot by initiative.

Nearly all the measures were defeated. Measures extending prescription drug pricing benefits (Measure 44) and restricting the government's power of eminent domain (39) were the only ones that passed without qualification; a campaign finance reform system (47) passed as well, but a companion measure (46) that would have provided necessary constitutional support for it failed.[81]

Out-of-state interests spent millions of dollars supporting—and in one significant case, opposing—Oregon ballot measures. None of these big-money measures passed; in fact, Measures 39 and 44 passed without drawing any organized opposition.[82]

Unsuccessful measures

Measures 41 and 48 aimed to restrict the amount of money the State government could raise and spend, respectively. They were both mostly funded by the Taxpayers Association of Oregon, which in turn received nearly all its funding from Illinois-based Americans for Limited Government. Opposition to these two measures was paired as well, spending $1.9 million to defeat the two measures.[82]

Measure 42 was promoted by conservative ballot measure activist Bill Sizemore. Sizemore broke with his custom by promoting a consumer-oriented bill, which would have outlawed the use of credit data in determining insurance premiums. Opponents of the measure spent over $3.7 million (nearly all of which came from out of state), defeating the measure. Their advertising focused heavily on Sizemore's credibility. Sizemore did not run an active campaign promoting the measure. He and his longtime political ally Loren Parks were the only people to submit arguments in favor for the Voters' Guide.[83]

Measure 45, almost entirely financed by $1.2 million from Illinois-based U.S. Term Limits, would have established strict term limits in the Oregon Legislative Assembly. Term limits had previously been in place in the late 1990s, but the prior law was declared unconstitutional by the Oregon Supreme Court. The measure failed.

Measures 46 and 47 were presented as a single package; 46 would have amended the Constitution to allow limitations on campaign financing (heavily favoring popular vote, and requiring a 75% vote for such changes in the Legislature); and 47 detailed specific limitations. Measure 47 passed, but in the absence of the kind of Constitutional support Measure 46 would have provided, it will have No effect. The campaigns both for and against this package were funded almost entirely from Oregon sources.

Measure 40 sought to require that judges of the Oregon Supreme Court be elected by district, rather than statewide.

Measure 43 sought to require parental notification in the event of certain teenage abortions. (Two measures restricting abortion were also rejected in the 1990 general election.)

Successful measures

Measure 39, described by its proponents as a natural extension of 2004's Measure 37, restricted the governments powers of eminent domain. Measure 44 extended a state prescription drug benefit, previously only available to seniors, to cover all uninsured Oregonians.

2007

In 2007, voters considered 2 statewide ballot measures.

2008

May

Three measures (51, 52, and 53), all legislative referrals and all constitutional amendments, were on the May 2008 primary ballot. All three passed; the first two by wide margins, and Measure 53 by a margin so narrow that it triggered an automatic recount.[88]

November

In November 2008, voters considered eight initiatives and four legislative referrals.[93] The four referrals all passed, and the initiatives all failed.

2010s

2010

January

May

November

2012

November

2014

November

2016

November

2018

January

November

2020s

2020

2022

See also

References

  1. ^ Oregon Blue Book: Oregon History: The Oregon System
  2. ^ "Initiative, Referendum and Recall Introduction". Oregon Blue Book. Salem, Oregon: Oregon Secretary of State. 2006. Retrieved 2007-03-07.
  3. ^ Article IV of the Oregon Constitution, from the Oregon Blue Book.
  4. ^ Chapter 250 — Initiative and Referendum, Oregon Revised Statutes
  5. ^ Oregon Election History: Initiative, Referendum, and Recall. Oregon Blue Book (2006)
  6. ^ a b c "Initiative, Referendum and Recall: 1902-1906". Oregon Blue Book. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg Initiative, Legislative referral, or REFerendum
  8. ^ a b "Initiative, Referendum and Recall: 1908-1910". Oregon Blue Book. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
  9. ^ Frank W. Benson, Secretary of State (June 1908). A Pamphlet Containing All Measures…. State of Oregon.
  10. ^ a b c "Initiative, Referendum and Recall: 1912-1914". Oregon Blue Book. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g "Initiative, Referendum and Recall: 1916-1921". Oregon Blue Book. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
  12. ^ a b c d e f "Initiative, Referendum and Recall: 1922-1928". Oregon Blue Book. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
  13. ^ a b Schmidt, Emerson P. (February 1931). "The Movement for Public Ownership of Power in Oregon". The Journal of Land & Public Utility Economics. 7 (1). University of Wisconsin Press: 52–60. doi:10.2307/3138633. JSTOR 3138633.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g "Initiative, Referendum and Recall: 1930-1936". Oregon Blue Book. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g "Initiative, Referendum and Recall: 1938-1947". Oregon Blue Book. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
  16. ^ a b c d e "Initiative, Referendum and Recall: 1948-1956". Oregon Blue Book. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Initiative, Referendum and Recall: 1958-1970". Oregon Blue Book. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Initiative, Referendum and Recall: 1972-1978". Oregon Blue Book. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
  19. ^ "Temporary Governor eliminated: measure modifies line of succession" (25 October 1972). The Bulletin, Bend, Oregon. Retrieved January 11, 2011.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Oregon Blue Book: Initiative, Referendum and Recall: 1980-1987". Retrieved 2008-11-13.
  21. ^ "Oregon goes Democratic!" (9 November 1988). Ellensburg Daily Record. Retrieved January 11, 2011.
  22. ^ Mapes, Jeff (July 14, 1995). "Federal judge strikes down Measure 6". The Oregonian.
  23. ^ "Oregon Supreme Court: Jackson County v. Oregon". Archived from the original on 2007-08-08. Retrieved 2007-08-03.
  24. ^ Editorial (October 5, 1994). "Reform campaign financing". The Oregonian.
  25. ^ Suo, Steve (February 7, 1997). "Court tosses campaign limits". The Oregonian.
  26. ^ Elections History, at Oregon Secretary of State's web site.
  27. ^ "1998 Primary Election Voters' Pamphlet". Archived from the original on 2018-11-21. Retrieved 2018-11-20.
  28. ^ Oregon Blue Book ITEMIZED MEASURE LISTINGS, May 19, 1998 Primary Election results, page 15
  29. ^ Keisling, Phil (19 May 1998). "Measure 53". 1998 Primary Election Voters' Pamphlet. Oregon Secretary of State. Archived from the original (Website) on 21 November 2018. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  30. ^ 1998 November General Election Voters' Pamphlet
  31. ^ November 3, 1998 General Election results
  32. ^ Keisling, Phil (3 November 1998). "Measure 54" (Website). 1998 General Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 4. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  33. ^ Keisling, Phil (3 November 1998). "Measure 55" (Website). 1998 General Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 7. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  34. ^ Keisling, Phil (3 November 1998). "Measure 56" (Website). 1998 General Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 12. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  35. ^ Keisling, Phil (3 November 1998). "Measure 57" (Website). 1998 General Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 20. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  36. ^ Keisling, Phil (3 November 1998). "Measure 58" (Website). 1998 General Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 34. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  37. ^ Keisling, Phil (3 November 1998). "Measure 59" (Website). 1998 General Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 42. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  38. ^ Keisling, Phil (3 November 1998). "Measure 60" (Website). 1998 General Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 61. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  39. ^ Keisling, Phil (3 November 1998). "Measure 61" (Website). 1998 General Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 69. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  40. ^ Keisling, Phil (3 November 1998). "Measure 62" (Website). 1998 General Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 78. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  41. ^ Keisling, Phil (3 November 1998). "Measure 63" (Website). 1998 General Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 89. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  42. ^ Keisling, Phil (3 November 1998). "Measure 64" (Website). 1998 General Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 96. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  43. ^ Keisling, Phil (3 November 1998). "Measure 65" (Website). 1998 General Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 123. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  44. ^ Keisling, Phil (3 November 1998). "Measure 66" (Website). 1998 General Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 135. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  45. ^ Keisling, Phil (3 November 1998). "Measure 67" (Website). 1998 General Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 148. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  46. ^ "1999 Special Election Voters' Pamphlet". Archived from the original on 2018-11-21. Retrieved 2018-11-20.
  47. ^ November 2, 1999 Special Election results
  48. ^ Keisling, Phil (2 November 1998). "Measure 68". 1999 Special Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 4. Oregon Secretary of State. Archived from the original (Website) on 21 November 2018. Retrieved September 11, 2013.
  49. ^ Keisling, Phil (2 November 1998). "Measure 69". 1999 Special Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 12. Oregon Secretary of State. Archived from the original (Website) on 21 November 2018. Retrieved September 11, 2013.
  50. ^ Keisling, Phil (2 November 1998). "Measure 70". 1999 Special Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 18. Oregon Secretary of State. Archived from the original (Website) on 21 November 2018. Retrieved September 11, 2013.
  51. ^ Keisling, Phil (2 November 1998). "Measure 71". 1999 Special Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 24. Oregon Secretary of State. Archived from the original (Website) on 21 November 2018. Retrieved September 11, 2013.
  52. ^ Keisling, Phil (2 November 1998). "Measure 72". 1999 Special Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 29. Oregon Secretary of State. Archived from the original (Website) on 21 November 2018. Retrieved September 11, 2013.
  53. ^ Keisling, Phil (2 November 1998). "Measure 73". 1999 Special Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 34. Oregon Secretary of State. Archived from the original (Website) on 21 November 2018. Retrieved September 11, 2013.
  54. ^ Keisling, Phil (2 November 1998). "Measure 74". 1999 Special Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 38. Oregon Secretary of State. Archived from the original (Website) on 21 November 2018. Retrieved September 11, 2013.
  55. ^ Keisling, Phil (2 November 1998). "Measure 75". 1999 Special Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 42. Oregon Secretary of State. Archived from the original (Website) on 21 November 2018. Retrieved September 11, 2013.
  56. ^ Keisling, Phil (2 November 1998). "Measure 76". 1999 Special Election Voters' Pamphlet, page 47. Oregon Secretary of State. Archived from the original (Website) on 21 November 2018. Retrieved September 11, 2013.
  57. ^ 2000 Primary Election Online Voters' Guide
  58. ^ 2000 Primary Election Statewide Measures Official Results
  59. ^ 2000 General Election Voters' Pamphlet
  60. ^ 2000 General Election results
  61. ^ Oregon Judicial Department Appellate Court Opinions Archived 2007-04-26 at the Wayback Machine
  62. ^ Jill Gelineau; Peter Livingston; Steve Morasch; Donald Joe Willis (October 1, 2002). "Oregon Supreme Court Holds Measure 7 Void" (Press release). Schwabe, Williamson & Wyatt. Archived from the original on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2007-02-27.
  63. ^ "2002 Primary Online Voters' Guide". Archived from the original on 2018-11-21. Retrieved 2018-11-20.
  64. ^ a b 2002 Primary election results
  65. ^ a b Law, Steve (March 22, 2002). "School fund is on thin ballot". The Statesman Journal.
  66. ^ "2002 Special Election Voters' Pamphlet". Archived from the original on 2018-11-21. Retrieved 2018-11-20.
  67. ^ 2002 General Election Voters' Pamphlet
  68. ^ a b 2002 General Election results
  69. ^ 2002 General Election Voters' Pamphlet
  70. ^ Cole, Michelle (November 10, 2002). "Measure 27 died in big-dollar blitz". The Oregonian.
  71. ^ "2003 January Special Election Online Voters' Guide". Archived from the original on 2018-11-21. Retrieved 2018-11-20.
  72. ^ January 2003 Special Election results
  73. ^ "2003 September Special Election Online Voters' Guide". Archived from the original on 2018-11-21. Retrieved 2018-11-20.
  74. ^ September 2003 Special Election results
  75. ^ Online Voters' Guide: Measure 30
  76. ^ 2004 Special Election results
  77. ^ "Willamette Week | "ELECTION 2004" | October 13, 2004". Archived from the original on September 29, 2007. Retrieved July 11, 2007.
  78. ^ 2004 Online Voters' Guide
  79. ^ Ballot Measure PDFs
  80. ^ 2004 election results
  81. ^ Carter, Steven (November 8, 2006). "Oregon voters make 2006 a year of 'No'". The Oregonian.
  82. ^ a b "Almost Two-thirds of Ballot Measure Cash Comes from Out of State But Campaigns Vary in Terms of Local Control" (Press release). Money in Politics Research Action Project. October 18, 2006. Archived from the original on September 29, 2007. Retrieved 2007-02-27.
  83. ^ Arguments in Favor from 2006 General Election Voters' Guide
  84. ^ a b 2006 Online Voters' Guide
  85. ^ a b 2006 Election Results
  86. ^ Measure 47 will have No effect until/unless the Oregon Constitution is amended to allow such limitations, as Measure 46 would have done.
  87. ^ 2007 Online Voters' Guide
  88. ^ a b Official Results – May 20, 2008 Primary Election from the Oregon Secretary of State Elections Division
  89. ^ Online Voters' Guide for May 20, 2008 Primary Election
  90. ^ Bradbury, Bill (20 May 2008). "Measure 51" (Website). Online Voters' Guide for the May 20, 2008 Primary Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved December 27, 2008.
  91. ^ Bradbury, Bill (20 May 2008). "Measure 52" (Website). Online Voters' Guide for the May 20, 2008 Primary Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved December 27, 2008.
  92. ^ Bradbury, Bill (20 May 2008). "Measure 53" (Website). Online Voters' Guide for the May 20, 2008 Primary Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved December 27, 2008.
  93. ^ August 1, 2008 News Release - Assignment of Measure Numbers for 2008 General Election from the Oregon Secretary of State Elections Division
  94. ^ Online Voters' Guide for January 26, 2010 Special Election
  95. ^ January 26, 2010 Special Election Results
  96. ^ Brown, Kate (26 January 2010). "Measure 66" (Website). Online Voters' Guide for the January 26, 2010 Special Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 9, 2013.
  97. ^ Brown, Kate (26 January 2010). "Measure 67" (Website). Online Voters' Guide for the January 26, 2010 Special Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 9, 2013.
  98. ^ Online Voters' Guide | 2010 Primary Election
  99. ^ May 18, 2010 Primary Election results
  100. ^ Brown, Kate (18 May 2010). "Measure 68" (Website). Online Voters' Guide | 2010 Primary Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 9, 2013.
  101. ^ Brown, Kate (18 May 2010). "Measure 69" (Website). Online Voters' Guide | 2010 Primary Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 9, 2013.
  102. ^ Online Voters' Guide | 2010 General Election
  103. ^ November 2, 2010 General Election results
  104. ^ Brown, Kate (2 November 2010). "Measure 68" (Website). Online Voters' Guide | 2010 General Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 9, 2013.
  105. ^ Brown, Kate (2 November 2010). "Measure 71" (Website). Online Voters' Guide | 2010 Special Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 9, 2013.
  106. ^ Brown, Kate (2 November 2010). "Measure 72" (Website). Online Voters' Guide | 2010 Special Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 9, 2013.
  107. ^ Brown, Kate (2 November 2010). "Measure 73" (Website). Online Voters' Guide | 2010 Special Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 9, 2013.
  108. ^ Brown, Kate (2 November 2010). "Measure 74" (Website). Online Voters' Guide | 2010 Special Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 9, 2013.
  109. ^ Brown, Kate (2 November 2010). "Measure 75" (Website). Online Voters' Guide | 2010 Special Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 9, 2013.
  110. ^ Brown, Kate (2 November 2010). "Measure 76" (Website). Online Voters' Guide | 2010 Special Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 9, 2013.
  111. ^ Online Voters' Guide | 2012 General Election
  112. ^ November 6, 2012 General Election results
  113. ^ Brown, Kate (6 November 2012). "Measure 77" (Website). Online Voters' Guide | 2012 General Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  114. ^ Brown, Kate (6 November 2012). "Measure 78" (Website). Online Voters' Guide | 2012 General Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  115. ^ Brown, Kate (6 November 2012). "Measure 79" (Website). Online Voters' Guide | 2012 General Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  116. ^ Brown, Kate (6 November 2012). "Measure 80" (Website). Online Voters' Guide | 2012 General Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  117. ^ Brown, Kate (6 November 2012). "Measure 81" (Website). Online Voters' Guide | 2012 General Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  118. ^ Brown, Kate (6 November 2012). "Measure 82" (Website). Online Voters' Guide | 2012 General Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  119. ^ Brown, Kate (6 November 2012). "Measure 83" (Website). Online Voters' Guide | 2012 General Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  120. ^ Brown, Kate (6 November 2012). "Measure 84" (Website). Online Voters' Guide | 2012 General Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  121. ^ Brown, Kate (6 November 2012). "Measure 85" (Website). Online Voters' Guide | 2012 General Election. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  122. ^ a b c d e "November 6, 2018, General Election Abstract of Votes". Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved May 19, 2020.
  123. ^ a b c d "Oregon 2020 ballot measures". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 2020-07-26.

External links