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Northland (New Zealand electorate)

Northland is a New Zealand parliamentary electorate, returning one Member of Parliament to the New Zealand House of Representatives. The electorate was established for the 1996 election. It was represented by National Party MP John Carter from 1996 to 2011, and then National's Mike Sabin until his resignation on 30 January 2015. The by-election in March 2015 was won by New Zealand First party leader Winston Peters. Peters was defeated by National's Matt King in the 2017 general election. King in turn was defeated by the Labour Party's Willow-Jean Prime in the 2020 general election, who became the first Labour MP elected for the area since the party won the predecessor electorate Bay of Islands in 1938. Prime was later defeated in the 2023 election by National's Grant McCallum

Population centres

Northland is the northernmost general electorate of New Zealand. The electorate encompasses the entire Far North District and Kaipara District, and a small rural section of Whangarei District. At the 2008 election, the town of Wellsford became part of Northland due to heavy population growth in the Rodney seat.[1] No boundary adjustments were undertaken in the subsequent 2013/14 redistribution.[2] At the 2019/20 review, the seat lost Wellsford to the new electorate of Kaipara ki Mahurangi, but gained Poroti and Maungakaramea from Whangārei.

History

The Northland electorate was created ahead of the introduction of mixed-member proportional voting in the 1996 election. It was formed from the whole of the Far North electorate (called Bay of Islands before 1993), and a large section of the Hobson seat.

Former Bay of Islands and then Far North MP John Carter of the National Party was elected MP for Northland in 1996, and was returned at every election until the 2008 election. Carter left Parliament in June 2011 to take up a post as New Zealand's High Commissioner to the Cook Islands. His departure did not result in a by-election, as the vacancy occurred within six months of the next general election.[3]

In May 2011 Mike Sabin was selected as the National Party candidate in place of Carter.[4] Sabin had a majority of 11,362 and 9,300 votes in 2011 and 2014, respectively.[5][6] In December 2014 news media reported that he was under investigation by police over an assault complaint. The reports were not confirmed by the New Zealand Police, the Prime Minister or Sabin himself.[7][8][9][10] Sabin resigned from parliament on 30 January 2015 with immediate effect "due to personal issues that were best dealt with outside Parliament."[11] The resignation forced a by-election in the electorate.[12]

The by-election in March 2015 was won by New Zealand First party leader Winston Peters. Peters was later defeated by National's Matt King in the 2017 general election.[13]

The electorate is one where National traditionally performs well; Labour did not win a general electorate north of Wellsford in any election from 1943 to 2017 besides a one-off victory in Whangarei in 1972. However, in the 2020 election, Northland elected its first ever Labour MP and the first Labour MP for the area for 77 years.

The upper North Island is also a place where New Zealand First has one of its strongest voter bases; in 1996, Ian Peters and Frank Grover of the Alliance beat Labour's candidate into fourth place and nine percent of the vote. Third parties do well in Northland – at the 1960 and 1963 elections, Social Credit candidate Vernon Cracknell came runner up in Hobson, before taking the seat with 48 percent of the vote in 1966. The area had previously been receptive to social credit theory – Harold Rushworth of the credit-influenced Country Party had held Bay of Islands for three terms, from 1928 to 1938.

Members of Parliament

Key

List MPs

Members of Parliament elected from party lists in elections where that person also unsuccessfully contested the Northland electorate. Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at general elections.

1 Grover left the Alliance in 1999 and joined the Christian Heritage Party.

Election results

2023 election

2020 election

2017 election

2015 by-election

The following table shows final by-election results:[17]


2014 election

2011 election

Electorate (as at 26 November 2011): 44,182[19]

2008 election

2005 election

2002 election

1999 election

Refer to Candidates in the New Zealand general election 1999 by electorate#Northland for a list of candidates.

1996 election


Notes

  1. ^ 2017 Mana Party swing is relative to the votes for Internet-Mana in 2014; it shared a party list with the Internet Party in the 2014 election
  2. ^ 2017 Internet Party swing is relative to the votes for Internet-Mana in 2014; it shared a party list with Mana Party in the 2014 election
  3. ^ 2014 Internet Mana swing is relative to the votes for Mana in 2011; it shared a party list with Internet in the 2014 election.

References

  1. ^ Report of the Representation Commission 2007 (PDF). Representation Commission. 14 September 2007. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-477-10414-2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 January 2019. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
  2. ^ Report of the Representation Commission 2014 (PDF). Representation Commission. 4 April 2014. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-477-10414-2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
  3. ^ Trevett, Claire (8 June 2011). "MP pleads for laughter and leniency as he goes". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 25 November 2011.
  4. ^ McMillan, Malcolm (2 May 2011). "Anti-P man Mike Sabin takes safe National seat". stuff.co.nz. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
  5. ^ a b "Official Count Results – Northland". Electoral Commission. 10 December 2011. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
  6. ^ "Official Count Results – Northland". Electoral Commission. 4 October 2014. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
  7. ^ Bennett, Adam (22 December 2014). "Cloud over National MP's future". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
  8. ^ Lomas, David (21 December 2014). "National MP Mike Sabin in police assault inquiry". Stuff. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
  9. ^ Bennett, Adam (22 December 2014). "Sabin in the spotlight as assault allegation surfaces". The Northern Advocate. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
  10. ^ "Police tight-lipped about assault allegation". Radio New Zealand. 21 December 2014. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
  11. ^ "Mike Sabin announces resignation as Northland MP". Scoop. 30 January 2015. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
  12. ^ "John Key says National did not ask Mike Sabin to quit after MP resigns 'due to personal issues'". The New Zealand Herald. 30 January 2015. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
  13. ^ "King beats kingmaker in nail-biting race for Northland seat". The New Zealand Herald. 24 September 2017. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  14. ^ "Northland – Official Result". Electoral Commission. 3 November 2023. Retrieved 7 December 2023.
  15. ^ "Official Count Results – Northland (2020)". Electoral Commission. 6 November 2020. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  16. ^ "Official Count Results – Northland (2017)". Electoral Commission. 7 October 2017. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
  17. ^ "Northland by-election official results". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 4 December 2016.
  18. ^ "Official Count Results – Northland". Electoral Commission. 21 December 2014. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  19. ^ "Enrolment statistics". Electoral Commission. 26 November 2011. Archived from the original on 10 November 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
  20. ^ 2008 election results
  21. ^ election result Northland 2005
  22. ^ election result Northland 2002
  23. ^ https://electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_1999/e9/html/e9_partVI.html
  24. ^ [1]

External links