Sydenham is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. It is located in Region E of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality. The suburb is surrounded by the area of Orchards, Orange Grove and other smaller suburbs.
The suburb was surveyed for housing in 1905.[2]: 162 The suburb's name comes from the name of the farm which originated sometime before the mid-1890s.[3]: 304 In 1910, Sydenham was still quite rural and on 26 February of that year, the land was used by Frenchman Albert Kimmerling to fly a Voisin biplane a few hundred yards and proved that aircraft could be flown at a high altitude of 2,000 m (6,600 ft).[4]: 255