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List of large Holocene volcanic eruptions

Satellite images of the 15 January 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Haʻapai

This is a list of volcanoes that have had large explosive eruptions during the Holocene (since about 11,650 years Before Present), with a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of 5 or higher, or a plume height of at least 30 km. To date, there have been no eruptions with a confirmed VEI of 8 in the Holocene; and only a few VEI-7 eruptions are thought to have occurred during this time: the most recent was the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora. This is not a complete list.

Common Era (CE)

Before Common Era (BCE)

Exact year unknown

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Similar in scale to Mount St. Helens in 1980.[12][13]
  2. ^ At least three different volcanic eruptions contributed to the sulfate spike[18]
  3. ^ May have triggered the Little Ice Age[25]
  4. ^ Radical and far-ranging global effects. At least three separate eruptions contributed to the sulfate spike and climatic impact.
  5. ^ Sources give either ±5 or ±10
  6. ^ First definite record of a volcanic eruption written by Pliny the Younger in 79 AD.
  7. ^ 70–80 DRE[38]
  8. ^ 61 DRE[39]
  9. ^ 10–100 DRE[41]

References

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  30. ^ start from 1950 CE
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