stringtranslate.com

List of last surviving people suspected of participation in Nazi war crimes

This is a list of the last surviving people suspected of participation in Nazi war crimes, based on wanted lists published by Efraim Zuroff of the Simon Wiesenthal Center. Beginning in 2002, Zuroff produced an Annual Status Report on the Worldwide Investigation and Prosecution of Nazi war criminals which from 2004 to 2018 included a list of the "most-wanted" criminals who had never been convicted.[1] Of those who have been charged for Nazi war crimes in the 21st century, many died awaiting trial, died during the appeals process, or died while waiting to be deported. Very few served actual prison time due to their advanced age which made their sentences (if any) symbolic. On the other hand, some listed here had all charges against them cleared after the fact.

Over 200,000 Nazis are estimated to have been perpetrators of Nazi-era crimes. Of these, roughly 140,000 cases were brought between 1945 and 2005. According to professor Mary Fulbrook, only 6,656 of them were ever convicted.[2] It remains unknown how many or if any legitimate Nazi fugitives remain today. The National WWII Museum reported in 2023 that those who served are now "in their 90s or older".[3] However, The Washington Post estimated in 2014 that the hunt for fugitives could possibly continue into the 2040s, citing the "age someone would have had to have been at the time" and "average life expectancy".[4]

Located

Those marked in yellow are still living.

Never located alive

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Zuroff, Dr. Efraim (December 2018). "Worldwide Investigation and Prosecution of Nazi War Criminals: An Annual Status Report (April 1, 2017 – March 31, 2018)" (PDF). operationlastchance.org. Simon Wiesenthal Center – Israel Office: Snider Social Action Institute. Retrieved 11 March 2019.
  2. ^ Atika Shubert and Nadine Schmid (18 December 2018). "Most Nazis escaped justice. Now Germany is racing to convict those who got away". CNN. Archived from the original on 2 July 2023. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  3. ^ "WWII Veteran Statistics". The National WWII Museum. Archived from the original on 28 October 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  4. ^ Lily Rothman (14 March 2017). "Why Nazi War Criminals Are Still Being Tracked Down in the U.S." Time Magazine. Archived from the original on 26 July 2023. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Worldwide Investigation and Prosecution of Nazi War Criminals (1 April 2003 – 31 March 2004). An Annual Status Report" (PDF). August 2004. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 26 April 2013.
  6. ^ "Female Doctor, 89, Suspected of Nazi-era Euthanasia, Unfit for Trial in Germany". Haaretz. 9 February 2005. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  7. ^ Kellerhoff, Sven Felix (13 July 2013). "Die DDR hat besser aufgearbeitet als der Westen". Die Welt (in German). Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h "Wiesenthal Center 2016 Annual Report Praises Renewed Efforts by German Prosecutors". Simon Wiesenthal Center. 4 May 2016. Retrieved 23 April 2020.
  9. ^ a b c d e f Osborn, Katy (15 July 2015). "Here Are the 5 Most Wanted Nazi War Criminals". Time. Archived from the original on 17 July 2015. Retrieved 21 January 2016.
  10. ^ "Wiesenthal Center Rejects as Scandalous the Decision by Danish Prosecution to Permanently Close Investigation of Holocaust Crimes By Danish SS Volunteers in Belarus". Simon Wiesenthal Center. 22 March 2017.
  11. ^ a b c d "SWC Annual Report on Nazi War Criminals Reveals Dramatic Rise in New Investigations; Slams Ukraine and Others; & Praises US for Outstanding Success". Simon Wiesenthal Center. 4 May 2005. Archived from the original on 19 April 2014. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
  12. ^ a b c d e f "Simon Wiesenthal Center's Tenth Annual Report on the Investigation and Prosecution of Nazi War Criminals". Simon Wiesenthal Centre. 1 May 2011. Archived from the original on 14 August 2017. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
  13. ^ Treiman, Daniel (21 June 2011). "Alleged war criminal dies in Austrian retirement home". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  14. ^ a b "SWC Annual Worldwide Report and Most Wanted List for Nazi War Criminals". Simon Wiesenthal Center. 30 April 2008. Retrieved 23 April 2020.
  15. ^ a b c d "Wiesenthal Center Annual Report on the Prosecution of Nazi War Criminals". Simon Wiesenthal Centre. 20 April 2009. Archived from the original on 13 December 2013. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
  16. ^ "Heinrich Boere, 92, Dies; Member of Nazi Hit Unit in Netherlands". Associated Press. 2 December 2013. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g Simon Wiesenthal Center 2012 Annual Report on the Status of Nazi War Criminals (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 May 2012. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  18. ^ a b c d e f Simon Wiesenthal Center 2013 Annual Report on the Status of Nazi War Criminals (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 September 2014. Retrieved 12 April 2015.
  19. ^ "Nazi war crimes suspect Laszlo Csatary dies". BBC. 12 August 2013. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  20. ^ Uni, Assaf (31 August 2008). "Nazi Collaborator Fled Arrest, Living Peacefully in Germany". Haaretz. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  21. ^ "Algimantas M Dailide". Billion Graves.
  22. ^ McFadden, Robert D. (17 March 2012). "John Demjanjuk, 91, Dogged by Charges of Atrocities as Nazi Camp Guard, Dies". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  23. ^ a b c Zuroff, Ephraim (31 March 2010). "Worldwide Investigation and Prosecution of Nazi War Criminals" (PDF). Simon Wiesenthal Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2016. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
  24. ^ Myers, Laura L. (31 January 2011). "Accused Nazi dies just before U.S. citizenship trial". Reuters. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  25. ^ "Nazi war criminal Klaas Carel Faber dies in Germany". BBC. 26 May 2012. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  26. ^ a b c Jedikovska, Georgina (29 September 2023). "Nazi Camp Guard Aged 99 Charged With Being Accessory To Murder Of More Than 3,300 Holocaust Victims". Ananova. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
  27. ^ a b "German court rules ex-concentration camp guard, 99, unfit to stand trial". Times. 30 June 2024. Retrieved 16 July 2024.
  28. ^ a b Rising, David (28 September 2017). "Germany investigating 2 former SS death squad members". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  29. ^ Zuroff, Efraim (12 December 2021). "May you live long and be prosecuted". blogs.timesofisrael.com. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  30. ^ a b c d e f g h "Wiesenthal Center 2015 Annual Report on the Investigation and Prosecution of Nazi War Criminals". Simon Wiesenthal Center. 13 April 2015. Archived from the original on 18 April 2015. Retrieved 18 April 2015.
  31. ^ Connolly, Kate; Reuters in Lüneburg (15 July 2015). "Former Auschwitz guard Oskar Gröning jailed over mass murder". The Guardian. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  32. ^ "'Bookkeeper of Auschwitz' dies before entering jail". The Guardian. 12 March 2018. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  33. ^ "Former Auschwitz guard Reinhold Hanning convicted". BBC. 17 June 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  34. ^ The Associated Press (1 June 2017). "Reinhold Hanning, convicted former Auschwitz guard, dies in Germany at 95". National Post. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  35. ^ "German probe targets 95-year-old Nazi death squad suspect". Shropshire Star. 6 June 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2019.
  36. ^ "May you live long and be prosecuted". blogs.timesofisrael.com. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
  37. ^ Zimonjic, Peter (26 September 2023). "Poland's education minister says he's 'taken steps' to extradite Yaroslav Hunka". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 26 September 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
  38. ^ Francis, Ellen (27 September 2023). "Polish official wants Canada to extradite 98-year-old Nazi veteran". Washington Post. Archived from the original on 27 September 2023. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
  39. ^ Tilles, Daniel (26 September 2023). "Poland may seek extradition of Ukrainian Nazi WW2 veteran Hunka from Canada". Notes From Poland. Archived from the original on 26 September 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
  40. ^ Mayer, Chloe (26 September 2023). "Yaroslav Hunka extradition demanded by Poland over alleged Nazi past". Newsweek. Archived from the original on 26 September 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
  41. ^ "Russia Charges Nazi Applauded by Canadian Parliament". The Moscow Times. 20 October 2023.
  42. ^ "Russia charges Ukrainian war veteran mistakenly honoured by Canada with genocide". Reuters. 20 October 2023.
  43. ^ a b c d e "Wiesenthal Center 2014 Annual Report Praises New Legal Strategy by German Prosecutors Which Has Led to Impressive Results". Simon Wiesenthal Center. 27 April 2014. Retrieved 23 April 2020.
  44. ^ Pearce, Matt (9 July 2014). "Holocaust suspect dies in Michigan after avoiding deportation". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  45. ^ a b c "Wiesenthal Center Annual Report Notes Rise in Number of Convictions of Nazi War Criminals During Past Year; Slams Austria, Germany and Twelve Others for Failure to Bring Holocaust Perpetrators to Justice; Praises US and Italy for Continued Successes". Simon Wiesenthal Center News Release. Simon Wiesenthal Center. 15 April 2007. Archived from the original on 5 June 2011. Retrieved 7 July 2008.
  46. ^ "Dänischer Ex-SS-Offizier Sören Kam 93-jährig gestorben" [Danish ex-SS-officer Søren Kam dies at 93 years]. tt.com (in German). 30 March 2015. Archived from the original on 11 March 2018. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
  47. ^ Rising, David; Herschaft, Randy; Scislowska, Monika (14 June 2013). "Commander in Nazi SS-led unit living in U.S." Associated Press. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  48. ^ "Michael Karkoc, Exposed as a War Criminal, Is Dead at 100". The New York Times. 21 January 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  49. ^ "Alleged Nazi war criminal sought by Russia dies in Quebec". Globe and Mail. 28 May 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  50. ^ Roberts, Sam (29 May 2015). "Vladimir Katriuk, Beekeeper Accused of Nazi War Crimes, Is Dead at 93". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  51. ^ "Hungary Nazi war crimes suspect Sandor Kepiro dead". BBC. 3 September 2011. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  52. ^ Hinrichs, Per (15 June 2016). "Geschichte einer Frau, die unbedingt zur SS wollte". Welt (in German). Retrieved 25 December 2017.
  53. ^ Mandel, Michele (20 June 2016). "Last Nazi Trial: Mixed success with prosecutions". Toronto Sun. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
  54. ^ "Auschwitz radio operator ruled unfit to stand trial". The Guardian. Reuters. 9 September 2016. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
  55. ^ Topping, Alexandra (22 November 2010). "Suspected Nazi death camp guard Samuel Kunz dies before trial". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  56. ^ "Germany arrests 'former Auschwitz guard' Hans Lipschis". BBC. 6 May 2013. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
  57. ^ "German Court Rules Auschwitz Suspect, 94, Unfit to Stand Trial". Haaretz. 2 March 2014.
  58. ^ "Gemeinschaftsblättle" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 June 2018. Retrieved 11 March 2020.
  59. ^ Zuroff, Efraim (17 January 2010). "One who got away". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  60. ^ "Ex-Nazi officer acquitted of three massacres". Associated Press. 19 December 2005. Retrieved 6 May 2005.
  61. ^ "Ex-Nazi Commander Niznansky Dies". WebNoviny.sk. 16 March 2012. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  62. ^ Ha, Tu Thanh; Freeze, Colin (22 September 2021). "Helmut Oberlander, Canada's last Nazi-era suspect, dies at 97". The Globe and Mail.
  63. ^ "Nazi guard Palij deported by US to Germany". BBC. 21 August 2018. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  64. ^ Yuhas, Alan (10 January 2019). "Jakiw Palij, Former Nazi Guard Deported After Decades in U.S., Dies at 95". The New York Times. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  65. ^ a b c "Wiesenthal Center Annual Report on Worldwide Investigation and Prosecution of Nazi War Criminals". 23 April 2006. Archived from the original on 19 April 2014. Retrieved 26 April 2013.
  66. ^ Johnston, Chris (13 July 2006). "War crimes suspect dies amid controversy". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  67. ^ Cenziper, Debbie (23 January 2020). "The Nazis and the Trawniki Men". The Washington Post. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  68. ^ "Johann Riß". trauer-im-allgaeu.de (in German).
  69. ^ Vukic, Snjezana (2 November 1998). "Woman Sent to Croatia for War Trial". Associated Press. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  70. ^ "Croatia concentration camp chief was guilty of slayings". Los Angeles Times. 22 July 2008. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  71. ^ "Serbia Issues Arrest Warrant for Dead Woman Accused of Running Concentration Camp". Haaretz. 16 July 2011. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  72. ^ "A German court sentences 101-year-old to 5 years for role as Nazi guard". Associated Press. 28 June 2022. Archived from the original on 28 June 2022. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
  73. ^ "Alfred Stork, Ex-Nazi War Criminal, Convicted In Absentia By Italian Court". The Independent. 29 May 2015. Retrieved 21 January 2016.
  74. ^ After killing hundreds of Italian civilians, a brutal SS division evaded justice
  75. ^ "Alfred Stork, Ex-Nazi War Criminal, Convicted In Absentia By Italian Court". World Post. Associated Press. 15 October 2013. Retrieved 21 January 2016.
  76. ^ "Morti gli ultimi due ergastolani nazisti condannati in Italia - Cronaca". Agenzia ANSA (in Italian). 28 February 2021. Retrieved 28 February 2021.
  77. ^ "No. 4 Most-Wanted Nazi Dies a Free Man in Germany". Associated Press. 6 July 2010. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  78. ^ "Inside the race to deport a 94-year-old Nazi guard". The Denver Post. 17 December 2017. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  79. ^ "Alleged Nazi Guard Is Ordered Deported". Los Angeles Times. 21 April 2003. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  80. ^ Dewert, Damai (2 February 2018). "Massacre with 33,771 dead in World War II: 96-year-old Melsunger is to go to court (Translation)". Hessische/Niedersächsische Allgemeine (in German). Retrieved 18 June 2019.
  81. ^ Dewert, Damai (22 November 2020). "No trial of suspected Nazi criminals: SS soldier allegedly involved in horrible massacres (Translation)". Hessische/Niedersächsische Allgemeine (in German). Archived from the original on 22 November 2020. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  82. ^ Homola, Victor (22 February 2008). "One Former Concentration Camp Guard Dies". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  83. ^ Heinrich, Mark (21 February 2008). "Alleged Nazi concentration camp killer dies at 86". Reuters. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  84. ^ "Prosecutor drops probe into Danish Nazi camp guard". 5 November 2016.
  85. ^ "Helmuth Leif Rasbøl" (in Danish). afdøde.dk. 29 January 2022.
  86. ^ "German court drops case against ailing Auschwitz medic". Times of Israel. 12 September 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2020.
  87. ^ Levi, Joshua (7 January 2018). "Zentai dies at 96". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  88. ^ "Nazi war criminal Alois Brunner died in Syria basement in 2001 – report". The Times of Israel. 11 January 2017.
  89. ^ "A roster of most-wanted". Los Angeles Times. 13 May 2009. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  90. ^ "The life and crimes of 'Dr Death'". BBC News. 5 February 2009.