Lan-sin Lu-nge Aphwe (Burmese: လမ်းစဉ်လူငယ်အဖွဲ့ , lit.'Programme Youth Organization') was a youth organization in Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma (present-day Myanmar) for high school and university students to learn useful skills and about the socialist politics of the Burma Socialist Programme Party. It consisted of three main branches: Tei-za Lu-nge (Burmese: တေဇလူငယ် ,lit.'Glorious Youth'), Shei-hsaung Lu-nge (Burmese: ရှေ့ဆောင်လူငယ် ,lit.'Pioneer Youth') and Lan-sin Lu-nge (Burmese: လမ်းစဉ်လူငယ် ,lit.'Programme Youth').[2] Teiza Lu-nge wore blue scarf[3]: 5 and Shei-hsaung Lu-nge wore the Red scarf.[4]
A postcard of 3rd Seminar of the Programme Youth,1982
Students were required to join the organisation.[5]
Within the organization of the Lan-sin Lu-nge Aphwe, လမ်းစဉ်လူငယ်အဖွဲ့ (Programme Youth Organization), three branches were formed according to the age group and intellectual differences;[6]
Tei-za Lu-nge, တေဇလူငယ် (Glorious Youth) for primary school students[7] (5–10 years old),[6][3]: 2
Shei-hsaung Lu-nge, ရှေ့ဆောင်လူငယ် (Pioneer Youth) for middle and high school students[7] (11–15 years old),[6] and
Lan-sin Lu-nge, လမ်းစဉ်လူငယ် (Programme Youth) for college or university students of age of 16–18 years old.[6]
After reaching the age of 18, they could become "candidate member of the party" (အရန်ပါတီဝင်). Then starting at the age of 21 years old, a candidate member could apply application forms to become a "fully-fledged party member" (တင်းပြည့်ပါတီဝင်).
In 1981, only 6.19% of members of Programme Youth Organization who had reached the age of 18 or above, joined the Burma Socialist Programme Party.[8] This was a striking situation for the party. Thus, to persuade more youths to the organization and the party, Programme Youth Organizing Committees were opened on the campuses of the universities, institutes and colleges.[9]
According to the Political Pension Law of 1980, those who served in the Organizing Central Committee as chairman, vice-chairman, secretary, associate secretary, and committee member (full time) get political pension according to their positions as described in that law.[15]
The Burma Socialist Programme Party had been dissolved on 24 September 1988. But the Programme Youth Organizations seem to be remained. The Lan-sin Lu-nges were seen in the first episode of a military propaganda series for honouring 47th Anniversary of the Armed Forces Day, that aired in 1992.
^This is Scout Lieutenant, not military one. Burmese/Myanmar senior scouts wear rank insignia. http://www.mdn.gov.mm/my/kngtheaakchiusnnymaakhengcnyphng-ckaawiung-kngp
References
^ a b c dSteinberg, David I. (1980). "Burma: Ne Win After Two Decades". Current History. 79 (461): 181. doi:10.1525/curh.1980.79.461.180. JSTOR 45314904.
^ a b c d e f g hမောင်ကြီးလှ; ပန်းချီကိုဇော်ဝင်း (October 1984). "တို့တေဇလူငယ်" [Our Teiza Lu-nge]. ၁၉၈၄ခုနှစ် အောက်တိုဘာလ တေဇ ရုပ်စုံ အထူးထုတ် [1984 October, Teiza Comic Magazine, Special Edition] (in Burmese). Myawaddy Publishing, Ministry of Information.
^Chin Human Rights Organisation – CHRO – Home Archived 27 September 2006 at the Wayback Machine
^ a b c d e f gÑñī Ññī (1978). "7". မြန်မာနိုင်ငံအမျိုးသားမော်ကွန်း(၁၉၇၅) မျက်မှောက်ကာလမြန်မာနိုင်ငံမှတ်တမ်း [Mranʻ mā Nuiṅʻ ṅaṃ ʾa myui ̋sā ̋moʻ kvanʻ ̋(1975): myakʻ mhokʻ kāla Mranʻ mā Nuiṅʻ ṅaṃ mhatʻ tamʻ ̋, Volume 1] (in Burmese). Pugaṃ Cā ʼupʻ tuikʻ.
^ a bမောင်ဥယျာဉ် (2019). "အလံတိုင်ရှေ့မှာ အတူရပ်ခဲ့ကြစဉ်က" [When (we) stand together in front of the flag pole]. မော်ကွန်း The Chronicle Magazine (in Burmese).
^Silverstein, Josef (1982). "Burma in 1981: The Changing of the Guardians Begins". Asian Survey. 22 (2): 185. doi:10.2307/2643945. JSTOR 2643945.
^Silverstein, Josef (1982). "Burma in 1981: The Changing of the Guardians Begins". Asian Survey. 22 (2): 185. doi:10.2307/2643945. JSTOR 2643945.
^ a b၁၉၈၆ခုနှစ် (၃၉)နှစ်မြောက်ပြည်ထောင်စုနေ့ မှတ်တမ်းတင်ရောင်စုံဓာတ်ပုံများ [1986, 39th Anniversary of the Union Day recorded colour photos] (in Burmese). Ministry of Information. February 1986.
^နိုင်ငံရေးပင်စင်ဥပဒေ [Political Pension Law] (law, 12) (in Burmese). Pyithu Hluttaw. 1 April 1980.
^EYU Myanmar Scouts (22 November 2020). "မြန်မာနိုင်ငံကင်းထောက်အဖွဲ့ (Myanmar Scouts Association - MS)". Facebook.