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Lieutenant general (Australia)

Lieutenant general (abbreviated LTGEN and pronounced 'lef-tenant general') is the second-highest active rank of the Australian Army. It was created as a direct equivalent of the British military rank of lieutenant general, and is considered a three-star rank.

The rank of lieutenant general is held by the Chief of Army. The rank is also held when an army officer is the Vice Chief of the Defence Force, the Chief of Joint Operations, or the Chief of Joint Capabilities. The Chief of Capability Development Group, disestablished in 2016, also carried three-star rank.

Lieutenant general is a higher rank than major general, but lower than general. Lieutenant general is the equivalent of vice admiral in the Royal Australian Navy and air marshal in the Royal Australian Air Force. The insignia for a lieutenant general is the Crown of St Edward above a crossed sword and baton.[1][Note 1]

Australian Army lieutenants general

The first Australian lieutenant general was Sir Harry Chauvel in 1917.

CGS/CA – Chief of the General Staff and Chief of Army

From 1 January 1909 to 18 February 1997, the most senior Australian Army position was named Chief of the General Staff. The first Australian to occupy this position was Colonel William Throsby Bridges. The first Australian lieutenant general to occupy this position was Sir Brudenell White, from 1 June 1920. Since August 1940, this position, and its successor (Chief of Army), have been held by Australian lieutenant generals.

Chairman, Chiefs of Staff Committee (1958–1965)

In March 1958, the role of Chairman, Chiefs of Staff Committee was created, but with no command authority. This was initially occupied by Lieutenant General Sir Henry Wells (March 1958 – March 1959), and was rotated through the three services, hence (briefly) providing a three-star position available to army officers. In 1968 this became a four-star position. It was replaced in February 1976 by a new position, Chief of Defence Force Staff, with command authority over the Australian Defence Force, and in October 1984 the position was renamed Chief of the Defence Force (CDF) to more clearly reflect the role and its authority.

Vice Chief of the Defence Force (since 1986)

In June 1986, the three-star position Vice Chief of the Defence Force (VCDF) was created. As with CDF, this position rotates between the forces. Lieutenant General John Baker was the first army officer to occupy the position (October 1992 – April 1995).

Chief of Capability Development Group (2003–2016)

A third three-star position, Chief of Capability Development Group (CCDG), which also rotates between the forces, was created in 2003. Lieutenant General John Caligari was the final officer of three-star rank to hold the position before it was disestablished in 2016

Chief of Joint Operations (since 2007)

In September 2007, a fourth three-star position, Chief of Joint Operations, was created.

Equivalents

There are two other permanent three-star positions in the Australian Defence Force, Chief of Navy and Chief of Air Force. There are also a number of other three-star-equivalent positions in the Australian Defence Organisation, but these are all held by civilians.

List of lieutenants general

  This along with the * (asterisk) indicates that the officer was subsequently promoted to general.
  This along with the + (plus sign) indicates that the officer retired with the honorary rank of lieutenant general.
  This along with the ^ (arrowhead) indicates that the officer is a currently serving lieutenant general.

The following people have held the rank of lieutenant general in the Australian Army:

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Australian Army officer rank insignia are identical to British Army officer rank insignia, with the difference that Australian insignia have the word "Australia" below them.
  2. ^ Chauvel was promoted to general in November 1929, the year prior to his retirement.
  3. ^ Lavarack accepted a demotion to major general in 1940 to assume command of the 7th Division.
  4. ^ Rowell was promoted lieutenant general on assuming command of I Corps in April 1942, but was dismissed from the command in September and subsequently reduced to major general. He was restored to lieutenant general in 1946 on appointment as Vice Chief of the General Staff.[17]
  5. ^ Wilton was promoted to general in September 1968, halfway through his term as Chairman, Chiefs of Staff Committee.
  6. ^ Sanderson was Chief of the General Staff until the position was re-titled as Chief of Army in February 1997.

References

  1. ^ "Chapter 4: Badges and Emblems" (PDF). Army Dress Manual. Canberra: Australian Army. 6 June 2014. p. 48. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 April 2015.
  2. ^ Hill, Alec (1978), Chauvel of the Light Horse: A Biography of General Sir Harry Chauvel, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., Carlton, Victoria: Melbourne University Press, ISBN 0-522-84146-5, OCLC 5003626
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  4. ^ Grey, Jeffrey (1990). "White, Sir Cyril Brudenell Bingham (1876–1940)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 12. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 460–463. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 16 March 2010.
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  14. ^ Perry, Warren (2002). "Wynter, Henry Douglas (1886–1945)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 16. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 599–600. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
  15. ^ Browne, Geoff. "Herring, Sir Edmund Francis (Ned) (1892–1982)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 17. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 520–523. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
  16. ^ Coulthard-Clark, C. D. (1983). "Jess, Sir Carl Herman (1884–1948)'". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 9. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 485–487. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
  17. ^ a b Hill, A. J. "Rowell, Sir Sydney Fairbairn (1894–1975)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 31 January 2009.
  18. ^ Dicker, George (1993). "Boase, Allan Joseph (1894–1964)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 13. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 208–209. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
  19. ^ Denholm, David (1993). "Clowes, Cyril Albert (1892–1968)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 13. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 446–447. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
  20. ^ Grey, Jeffrey (1993). "Bridgeford, Sir William (1894–1971)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 13. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 255–257. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
  21. ^ Andrews, E. M. (2002). "Wells, Sir Henry (1898–1973)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 16. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. p. 521. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
  22. ^ Greville, P. J (2002). "Secombe, Victor Clarence (1897–1962)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 16. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 15 June 2013.
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  24. ^ James, Neil; Londey, Peter (2005). "Nimmo, Robert Harold (1893–1966)]". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 303–304. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
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  43. ^ "Biography: LTGEN Ken Gillespie". Department of Defence, Australian Government. Archived from the original on 9 October 2008. Retrieved 14 September 2008.
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  51. ^ Worthington, Brett (25 February 2024). "Lieutenant General Michelle McGuinness Appointed National Cyber Security Coordinator". ABC News. Retrieved 26 February 2024.
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