Hyaenodontidae

Extinct family of carnivores

Hyaenodontidae ("hyena teeth") is an extinct family of placental mammals from extinct superfamily Hyaenodontoidea within extinct order Hyaenodonta. Hyaenodontids arose during the early Eocene and persisted well into the early Miocene. Fossils of this group have been found in Asia, North America and Europe.^[2][3][4]

Classification and phylogeny

Taxonomy

• Family: †Hyaenodontidae (Leidy, 1869)
  • Genus: †Boritia (Solé, 2014)
    • †Boritia duffaudi (Solé, 2014)
  • Genus: †Neosinopa (Lavrov, 1999)
    • †Neosinopa gobiensis (Lavrov, 1999)
  • Genus: †Praecodens (Lange-Badré, 1981)
    • †Praecodens acutus (Lange-Badré, 1981)
  • Genus: †Preregidens (Solé, 2015)
    • †Preregidens langebadrae (Solé, 2015)
  • Genus: †Protoproviverra (Lemoine, 1891)
    • †Protoproviverra palaeonictides (Lemoine, 1880)
  • (unranked): †Cynohyaenodon/Quercytherium clade
    • Genus: †Cynohyaenodon ^{(paraphyletic genus)} (Filhol, 1873)
      • †Cynohyaenodon cayluxi (Filhol, 1873)
      • †Cynohyaenodon lautricensis (Lange-Badré, 1978)
      • †Cynohyaenodon ruetimeyeri (Van Valen, 1965)
      • †Cynohyaenodon smithae (Solé, 2021)
      • †Cynohyaenodon trux (Van Valen, 1965)
    • Genus: †Paracynohyaenodon (Martin, 1906)
      • †Paracynohyaenodon magnus (Crochet, 1988)
      • †Paracynohyaenodon schlosseri (Martin, 1906)
    • Genus: †Quercytherium (Filhol, 1880)
      • †Quercytherium simplicidens (Lange-Badré, 1975)
      • †Quercytherium tenebrosum (Filhol, 1880)
  • (unranked): †Eurotherium clade
    • Genus: †Alienetherium (Lange-Badré, 1981)
      • †Alienetherium buxwilleri (Lange-Badré, 1981)
    • Genus: †Cartierodon (Solé & Mennecart, 2019)
      • †Cartierodon egerkingensis (Solé & Mennecart, 2019)
    • Genus: †Eurotherium ^{(paraphyletic genus)} (Polly & Lange-Badré, 1993)
      • †Eurotherium mapplethorpei (Solé, 2021)
      • †Eurotherium matthesi (Lange-Badré & Haubold, 1990)
      • †Eurotherium theriodis (Van Valen, 1965)
    • Genus: †Paenoxyaenoides (Lange-Badre, 1979)
      • †Paenoxyaenoides liguritor (Lange-Badre, 1979)
    • Genus: †Prodissopsalis (Matthes, 1950)
      • †Prodissopsalis eocaenicus (Matthes, 1952)
      • †Prodissopsalis jimenezi (Salesa, 2023)
  • (unranked): †Leonhardtina clade
    • Genus: †Leonhardtina (Matthes, 1952)
      • †Leonhardtina godinoti (Solé, 2014)
      • †Leonhardtina gracilis (Matthes, 1952)
      • †Leonhardtina meridianum (Solé, 2020)
  • (unranked): †Matthodon clade
    • Genus: †Matthodon (Lange-Badré & Haubold, 1990)
      • †Matthodon menui (Rich, 1971)
      • †Matthodon peignei (Solé, 2020)
      • †Matthodon tritens (Lange-Badré & Haubold, 1990)
  • (unranked): †Oxyaenoides clade
    • Subfamily: †Oxyaenoidinae (Lavrov, 1999) (syn. Francotheriini (Lavrov, 1999))
      • Genus: †Oxyaenoides (Matthes, 1967)
        • †Oxyaenoides aumelasiensis (Solé, 2020)
        • †Oxyaenoides bicuspidens (Matthes, 1967)
        • †Oxyaenoides lindgreni (Rich, 1971)
        • †Oxyaenoides schlosseri (Rütimeyer, 1891)
  • Subfamily: †Hyaenodontinae (Trouessart, 1885)
    • Genus: †Consobrinus (Lange-Badre, 1979)
      • †Consobrinus quercy (Lange-Badre, 1979)
    • Genus: †Propterodon ^{(paraphyletic genus)} (Martin, 1906)
      • †Propterodon morrisi (Matthew & Granger, 1924)
      • †Propterodon paganensis (de Bonis, 2018)
      • †Propterodon tongi (Liu & Huang, 2002)
      • †Propterodon witteri (Zack, 2019)
    • Tribe: †Hyaenodontini (Leidy, 1869)
      • Genus: †Hyaenodon (Laizer & Parieu, 1838)
        • †Hyaenodon brachyrhynchus (Blainville, 1841)
        • †Hyaenodon chunkhtensis (Dashzeveg, 1985)
        • †Hyaenodon dubius (Filhol, 1873)
        • †Hyaenodon eminus (Matthew & Granger, 1925)
        • †Hyaenodon exiguus (Gervais, 1873)
        • †Hyaenodon filholi (Schlosser, 1887)
        • †Hyaenodon gervaisi (Martin, 1906)
        • †Hyaenodon heberti (Filhol, 1876)
        • †Hyaenodon leptorhynchus (Laizer & Parieu, 1838)
        • †Hyaenodon minor (Lange-Badré, 1979)
        • †Hyaenodon pervagus (Matthew & Granger, 1924)
        • †Hyaenodon pumilus (Lavrov, 1999)
        • †Hyaenodon requieni (Gervais, 1846)
        • †Hyaenodon rossignoli (Lange-Badré, 1979)
        • †Hyaenodon weilini (Wang, 2005)
        • †Hyaenodon yuanchuensis (Young, 1937)
        • Subgenus: †Neohyaenodon ^{(paraphyletic subgenus)} (Thorpe, 1922)
          • †Hyaenodon gigas (Dashzeveg, 1985)
          • †Hyaenodon horridus (Leidy, 1853)
          • †Hyaenodon incertus (Dashzeveg, 1985)
          • †Hyaenodon macrocephalus (Lavrov, 1999)
          • †Hyaenodon megaloides (Mellett, 1977)
          • †Hyaenodon milvinus (Lavrov, 1999)
          • †Hyaenodon mongoliensis (Dashzeveg, 1964)
          • †Hyaenodon montanus (Douglass, 1902)
          • †Hyaenodon vetus (Stock, 1933)
        • Subgenus: †Protohyaenodon ^{(paraphyletic subgenus)} (Stock, 1933)
          • †Hyaenodon brevirostrus (Macdonald, 1970)
          • †Hyaenodon crucians (Leidy, 1853)
          • †Hyaenodon microdon (Mellett, 1977)
          • †Hyaenodon mustelinus (Scott, 1894)
          • †Hyaenodon raineyi (Gustafson, 1986)
          • †Hyaenodon venturae (Mellett, 1977)

References

1. Leidy J. (1869.) "On the extinct Mammalia of Dakota and Nebraska: including an account of some allied forms from other localities, together with a synopsis of the mammalian remains of North America." Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia 7: 1–472.
2. The Paleobiology Database Hyaenodontidae page
3. Lambert, David and the Diagram Group (1985): The Field Guide to Prehistoric Life. Facts on File Publications, New York. ISBN 0-8160-1125-7
4. Solé, F.; Falconnet, J.; Yves, L. (2014). "New proviverrines (Hyaenodontida) from the early Eocene of Europe; phylogeny and ecological evolution of the Proviverrinae". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 171 (4): 878–917. doi:10.1111/zoj.12155.