According to the 2022 revision of the world factbook the total population was 1,679,172 in 2022.[1] The proportion of children below the age of 14 in 2020 was 38.73%, 57.35% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 3.92% was 65 years or older.[1][2]
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020) (Estimates or projections based on the 2015 population census.):[3]
Vital statistics
Registration of vital events is in Equatorial Guinea not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.[2]
Fertility and births
Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):[4]
The majority of the people of Equatorial Guinea are of Niger-Congo origin. The largest ethnic group, the Fang, are indigenous to the mainland, but substantial migration to Bioko Island has resulted in Fang dominance over the earlier Bubi inhabitants. The Fang constitute 80% of the population and are themselves divided into 67 clans. Those in the northern part of Rio Muni speak Fang-Ntumu, while those in the south speak Fang-Okah; the two dialects are mutually unintelligible. The Bubi, who constitute 15% of the population, are indigenous to Bioko Island.
In addition, there are coastal ethnic groups, collectively referred to as Ndowe or Playeros ("Beach People" in Spanish): Combes, Bujebas, Balengues and Bengas on the mainland and small islands and a Fernandino community of Krio descended people on Bioko. Together, these groups compose 5% of the population.
Two small groups of Pygmies also inhabit the country, the Beyele and the Bokuign,[7] the former being located in the Altos de Nsork region.[8] Their population is dwindling, them being subjected to heavy pressure from their neighbours, who don't even consider them as human.[9]
Some Europeans (largely of Spanish or Portuguese descent) – among them mixed with African ethnicity – also live in the nation. Most Spaniards left after independence. There is a growing number of foreigners from neighboring Cameroon, Nigeria, and Gabon. Equatorial Guinea received Asians and black Africans from other countries as workers on cocoa and coffee plantations. In the late 20th century, Equatorial Guinea became home to more than 80,000 Hispanics from Mexico, Central America, and other Spanish speaking nations in the Americas. 17,000[11] Spanish people and 5,000[12] Chinese people also live in Equatorial Guinea. The non-Africans living in Equatorial Guinea represent almost 10% of the nation's total population. Other black Africans came from Liberia, Angola, and Mozambique, and Asians are mostly Chinese with small numbers of Indians. Equatorial Guinea also allowed many fortune-seeking European settlers of other nationalities, including British, French and Germans. After independence, thousands of Equatorial Guineans went to Spain. Another 100,000 Equatorial Guineans went to Cameroon, Gabon, and Nigeria because of dictatorship of Francisco Macías Nguema. Some of its communities also live in Brazil, United States, Spain, Colombia, Mexico, Argentina, Peru, Portugal, and France.
Languages
Spanish, French and Portuguese are the official languages and spoken as second languages. Spanish is the language of education, and for this reason a majority of the population (about 88%) can speak it, though only about 10–15% have a high competence in the language.[13] Annobonese speak a Portuguese Creole, named Annobonese, as their first language. Asian migrants and descendants of European settlers (mostly Spaniards, Britons and Portuguese) usually speak their ancestral languages along with Spanish. Other Africans usually speak their native languages and their nation's official languages – English and Igbo[14][15] for Nigerians; English for Cameroonians and Liberians; French for Cameroonians and Gabonese; and Portuguese for Angolans and Mozambicans. The latter was made an official language since July 13, 2007. 82% of first foreign language learners choose the French language and 18% the English language.[16] The Roman Catholic Church has greatly influenced both religion and education.
Languages of traditional names
Equatoguineans tend to have both a Spanish first name and an African first and last name. When written, the Spanish and African first names are followed by the father's first name (which becomes the principal surname) and the mother's first name. Thus people may have up to four names, with a different surname for each generation.
Other demographic statistics
Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2022.[17]
One birth every 11 minutes
One death every 41 minutes
One net migrant every 41 minutes
Net gain of one person every 11 minutes
The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook.[18]
Population
1,679,173 (2022 est.)
836,178 (July 2020 est.)
note: 2002 census results claim 1,015,000 residents, although this was most likely inflated in anticipation for the December election.[19]
Languages
Spanish (official) 67.6%, other (includes Fang, Bubi, Portuguese (official), French (official), Portuguese-based Creoles spoken in Ano Bom) 32.4% (1994 est.)
Religions
Roman Catholic 88%, Protestant 5%, Muslim 2%, other 5% (animist, Baha'i, Jewish) (2015 est.)
Roman Catholic 80%, Protestant 5%, Muslim 2%, other 5% (animist, Baha'i, Jewish) (2010 est.)[20]
rate of urbanization: 3.62% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
urban population: 73.1% of total population (2020)
rate of urbanization: 4.28% annual rate of change (2015–20 est.)
Sex ratio
at birth:1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years:1.03 male(s)/female 15–64 years:0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over:0.7 male(s)/female total population:1 male(s)/female (2020 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 63.7 years. Country comparison to the world: 206th
male: 61.44 years
female: 66.03 years (2022 est.)
total population: 65.7 years (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 192nd
male: 64.4 years (2020 est.)
female: 66.9 years (2020 est.)
Literacy
definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)
total population: 95.3% (2015 est.)
male: 97.4% (2015 est.)
female: 93% (2015 est.)
Major infectious diseases
degree of risk: very high (2020)
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue fever
animal contact diseases: rabies
See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Demographics of Equatorial Guinea.
^ a b"Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision". Esa.un.org. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
^"UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics".
^ a b"Encuesta Demográfi ca y de Salud (EDSGE-I) 2011" (PDF). Dhsprogram.com. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
^"World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations". esa.un.org. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
^"Africa :: EQUATORIAL GUINEA". CIA The World Factbook. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
^"Guinea Ecuatorial". Archived from the original on 2011-09-14. Retrieved 2011-09-20.
^Monte Alén-Monts de Cristal Landscape: Ethnic groups Archived 2016-02-02 at the Wayback Machine. In: Observatoire des Fôrets de l'Afrique Centrale (2006). The Forests of the Congo Basin. The State of the Forest 2006, p. 117.
^"La página solicitada no existe – Foros". Foroguineoecuatorian.mforos.com. Archived from the original on 4 February 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
^"PeopleGroups.org - Fernandino".
^"Equatorial Guinea | Culture, History, & People". 11 March 2024.
^"China's New Oil Supplier". June 2008.
^Gloria Nistal Rosique: El caso del español en Guinea Ecuatorial (in Spanish)
^"World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples – Equatorial Guinea : Overview". UNHCR. 20 May 2008. Retrieved 2012-12-18.
^Dickovick, James Tyler (2012). Africa 2012. Stryker Post. p. 180. ISBN 978-1-61048-882-2. Retrieved 2012-12-18.
^"Rapport OIF 2014". Archived from the original on 2015-04-02. Retrieved 2015-03-27.
^"Equatorial Guinea Population 2022", World Population Review
^"The World FactBook – Equatorial Guinea", The World Factbook, 2022 This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^"Equatorial Guinea". State.gov. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
^"PEW Research Center: Christian Population as Percentages of Total Population by Country 2010". 19 December 2011. Retrieved 13 October 2015.
This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook (2024 ed.). CIA. (Archived 2006 edition.)