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Законы об оружии в Соединенных Штатах по штатам

Законы об оружии в Соединенных Штатах регулируют продажу, хранение и использование огнестрельного оружия и боеприпасов . Законы штатов (а также законы округа Колумбия и территорий США ) значительно различаются и не зависят от существующих федеральных законов об огнестрельном оружии , хотя иногда они шире или ограниченнее по сфере действия, чем федеральные законы.

В конституциях сорока четырех штатов есть положение, аналогичное Второй поправке к Конституции США , которое защищает право хранить и носить оружие . Исключениями являются Калифорния, Мэриленд, Миннесота, Нью-Джерси и Нью-Йорк. Однако в Нью-Йорке законы о гражданских правах содержат положение, практически идентичное Второй поправке. [1] [2] Кроме того, Верховный суд США постановил в деле Макдональд против Чикаго , что защита Второй поправки на хранение и ношение оружия для самообороны в своем доме применяется против правительств штатов и их политических подразделений. [3]

Владельцы огнестрельного оружия подчиняются законам об огнестрельном оружии того штата, в котором они находятся, а не только своего штата проживания. Взаимность между штатами существует в определенных ситуациях, например, в отношении разрешений на скрытое ношение . Они признаются в каждом штате отдельно. Например, Айдахо признает разрешение Орегона, но Орегон не признает разрешение Айдахо. Флорида выдает лицензию на ношение как скрытого оружия, так и огнестрельного оружия, но другие лицензируют только скрытое ношение огнестрельного оружия. Некоторые штаты вообще не признают разрешения на ношение огнестрельного оружия, выданные за пределами штата, поэтому важно понимать законы каждого штата, путешествуя с пистолетом. [4]

Во многих случаях законы штата об огнестрельном оружии могут быть значительно менее строгими, чем федеральные законы об огнестрельном оружии. Это не дает никакого юридического иммунитета от судебного преследования за нарушение федеральных законов. Однако государственные и местные полицейские управления не обязаны юридически обеспечивать соблюдение федерального закона об оружии в соответствии с постановлением Верховного суда США в деле Printz v. United States . [5] [6]

Общие предметы государственных законов

Вопросы, связанные с огнестрельным оружием, которые часто регулируются государственными или местными законами, включают в себя следующее:

Обзор

  • Недавняя история законов о скрытом ношении оружия в штатах Неограниченный Должен выдаваться, что означает, что получение разрешения не вызывает затруднений Может выдаваться, что означает, что разрешения выдаются по усмотрению штата Запрещено
    Новейшая история законов о скрытом ношении оружия в штатах
      Неограниченный
      Должен выдаваться в целом, что означает, что получение разрешения не составит труда
      Может выдавать разрешения, то есть выдача разрешений находится на усмотрении государства
      Запрещено
  • Минимальный возраст для покупки длинноствольного оружия 21 21, 18 с согласия родителей 18 18 18, 16 для передачи Минимальный возраст отсутствует Информация отсутствует Обратите внимание, что федеральный закон устанавливает минимальный возраст в 18 лет.
    Минимальный возраст для покупки длинноствольного оружия
      21
      21, 18 с согласия родителей
      18
      18
      18, 16 для передачи
      Минимальный возраст не установлен.
      Информация отсутствует.
    Обратите внимание, что федеральный закон устанавливает минимальный возраст в 18 лет.
  • Минимальный возраст для покупки короткоствольного оружия: 21 год. 21 год для покупки у дилеров, 18 лет для частной продажи. 18 Минимальный возраст не установлен. Информация отсутствует. Обратите внимание, что федеральный закон устанавливает минимальный возраст в 21 год.
    Минимальный возраст для покупки пистолетов
      21
      21 для покупок у дилеров, 18 для частных продаж
      18
      Минимальный возраст не установлен.
      Информация отсутствует.
    Обратите внимание, что федеральный закон устанавливает минимальный возраст в 21 год.
  • Запрет на штурмовое оружие Длинноствольное оружие и пистолеты Только пистолеты
    Запреты на штурмовое оружие
      Длинноствольное оружие и пистолеты
      Только пистолеты

Алабама


Аляска


Аризона


Арканзас


Калифорния


Колорадо


Коннектикут


Делавэр


Округ Колумбия


Флорида


Грузия

Гавайи


Айдахо


Иллинойс


Индиана


Айова

Канзас


Кентукки

Луизиана


Мэн

Мэриленд


Массачусетс

Примечание: в этом разделе пока не отражены изменения, предусмотренные Законом о модернизации законов об огнестрельном оружии (H.4885).


Мичиган


Миннесота


Миссисипи

Миссури


Монтана


Небраска

Невада


Нью-Гэмпшир

Нью-Джерси


Нью-Мексико


Нью-Йорк


Северная Каролина


Северная Дакота


Огайо


Оклахома


Орегон


Пенсильвания


Род-Айленд


South Carolina


South Dakota

Tennessee


Texas


Utah

Vermont


Virginia


Washington


West Virginia

Wisconsin


Wyoming

United States Territories

American Samoa


Guam


Northern Mariana Islands


Puerto Rico

U.S. Virgin Islands


See also

Note: Please see many links in the box at the top of the page called "Firearm legal topics of the United States of America".

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