Class of minerals containing oxygen
Oxide mineral exhibit at the Museum of Geology in South Dakota The oxide mineral class includes those minerals in which the oxide anion (O2− ) is bonded to one or more metal alloys. The hydroxide -bearing minerals are typically included in the oxide class. Minerals with complex anion groups such as the silicates , sulfates , carbonates and phosphates are classed separately.
Simple oxides XO formPericlase group Zincite group
Nickel–Strunz class 4: oxides IMA-CNMNC proposes a new hierarchical scheme (Mills et al., 2009). This list uses it to modify the Nickel–Strunz classification (mindat.org , 10 ed, pending publication).
Abbreviations:"*": discredited (IMA/CNMNC status) "?": questionable/doubtful (IMA/CNMNC status) "REE": Rare-earth element (Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu) "PGE": Platinum-group element (Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt) 03.C Aluminofluorides, 06 Borates, 08 Vanadates (04.H V[5,6] Vanadates), 09 Silicates:Neso: insular (from Greek : νησος , romanized : nēsos , lit. 'island') Soro: grouping (from Greek: σωροῦ , romanized: sōros ; heap, mound (especially of corn)) Cyclo: ring Ino: chain (from Greek: ις [genitive: ινος , inos ], fibre) Phyllo: sheet (from Greek: φύλλον , romanized: phyllon , lit. 'leaf') Tekto: three-dimensional framework Nickel–Strunz code scheme: NN.XY.##xNN: Nickel–Strunz mineral class number X: Nickel–Strunz mineral division letter Y: Nickel–Strunz mineral family letter ##x: Nickel–Strunz mineral/group number, x add-on letter
Class: oxides 04.A Metal:Oxygen = 2.1 and 1:104.AA Cation:Anion (M:O) = 2:1 (and 1.8:1): 05 Ice, 10 Cuprite , 15 Paramelaconite 04.AB M:O = 1:1 (and up to 1:1.25); with small to medium-sized cations only: 05 Crednerite, 10 Tenorite ; 15 Delafossite , 15 Mcconnellite; 20 Bromellite , 20 Zincite ; 25 Lime, 25 Bunsenite , 25 Monteponite, 25 Manganosite , 25 Periclase , 25 Wüstite 04.AC M:O = 1:1 (and up to 1:1.25); with large cations (± smaller ones): 05 Swedenborgite; 10 Brownmillerite , 10 Srebrodolskite; 15 Montroydite , 20 Litharge , 20 Romarchite, 25 Massicot 04.B Metal:Oxygen = 3:4 and similar04.BA With small and medium-sized cations: 05 Chrysoberyl , 10 Manganostibite 04.BB With only medium-sized cations: 05 Filipstadite , 05 Donathite?, 05 Gahnite , 05 Galaxite , 05 Hercynite , 05 Spinel , 05 Cochromite, 05 Chromite , 05 Magnesiochromite , 05 Manganochromite, 05 Nichromite , 05 Zincochromite , 05 Magnetite , 05 Cuprospinel , 05 Franklinite , 05 Jacobsite , 05 Magnesioferrite , 05 Trevorite , 05 Brunogeierite, 05 Coulsonite, 05 Magnesiocoulsonite, 05 Qandilite, 05 Ulvospinel , 05 Vuorelainenite; 10 Hydrohetaerolite, 10 Hausmannite , 10 Iwakiite, 10 Hetaerolite; 15 Maghemite , 20 Tegengrenite, 25 Xieite 04.BC With medium-sized and large cations: 05 Marokite, 10 Dmitryivanovite 04.BD With only large cations: 05 Minium 04.C Metal:Oxygen = 2:3, 3:5, and Similar04.CB With medium-sized cations: 05 Tistarite , 05 Auroantimonate*, 05 Brizziite-VII, 05 Brizziite-III, 05 Corundum , 05 Eskolaite , 05 Hematite , 05 Karelianite , 05 Geikielite , 05 Ecandrewsite, 05 Ilmenite , 05 Pyrophanite , 05 Melanostibite, 05 Romanite*; 10 Bixbyite , 10 Avicennite ; 15 Armalcolite , 15 Mongshanite*, 15 Pseudobrookite ; 20 Magnesiohogbomite-6N6S, 20 Magnesiohogbomite-2N3S, 20 Magnesiohogbomite-2N2S, 20 Zincohogbomite-2N2S, 20 Ferrohogbomite-2N2S; 25 Pseudorutile, 25 Ilmenorutile; 30 Oxyvanite, 30 Berdesinskiite; 35 Olkhonskite, 35 Schreyerite ; 40 Kamiokite , 40 Nolanite, 40 Rinmanite; 45 Stibioclaudetite, 45 Claudetite ; 50 Arsenolite , 50 Senarmontite ; 55 Valentinite , 60 Bismite , 65 Sphaerobismoite, 70 Sillenite , 75 Kyzylkumite 04.CC With large and medium-sized cations: 05 Chrombismite, 10 Freudenbergite , 15 Grossite , 20 Mayenite , 25 Yafsoanite; 30 Barioperovskite, 30 Lakargiite, 30 Natroniobite, 30 Latrappite, 30 Lueshite, 30 Perovskite ; 35 Macedonite , 35 Isolueshite, 35 Loparite-(Ce) , 35 Tausonite ; 40 Crichtonite, 40 Dessauite , 40 Davidite -(Ce), 40 Davidite-(La), 40 Mathiasite, 40 Lindsleyite, 40 Landauite, 40 Loveringite , 40 Loveringite , 40 Cleusonite , 40 Gramaccioliite-(Y); 45 Hawthorneite, 45 Magnetoplumbite , 45 Haggertyite , 45 Batiferrite, 45 Hibonite , 45 Nezilovite, 45 Yimengite, 45 Diaoyudaoite, 45 Lindqvistite, 45 Plumboferrite; 50 Jeppeite, 55 Zenzenite, 60 Mengxianminite* 04.D Metal:Oxygen = 1:2 and similar04.DA With small cations(moved to -09- Subclass: tektosilicates) 04.DB With medium-sized cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra: 05 Tripuhyite , 05 Tugarinovite , 05 Varlamoffite*, 05 Argutite , 05 Cassiterite , 05 Rutile , 05 Pyrolusite , 05 Plattnerite , 05 Squawcreekite?; 10 Bystromite, 10 Ordonezite , 10 Tapiolite -(Fe), 10 Tapiolite-(Mn), 10 Tapiolite*, 15a Paramontroseite , 15a Ramsdellite , 15b Akhtenskite , 15c Nsutite ; 20 Scrutinyite ; 25 Ixiolite , 25 Ishikawaite, 25 Srilankite, 25 Samarskite -(Y), 25 Samarskite-(Yb), 25 Yttrocolumbite-(Y); 30 Heftetjernite, 30 Wolframoixiolite*, 30 Krasnoselskite*, 30 Ferberite , 30 Hubnerite , 30 Sanmartinite, 30 Wolframite *; 35 Tantalite -(Mg), 35 Tantalite-(Fe), 35 Tantalite-(Mn), 35 Columbite -(Mg), 35 Columbite-(Fe), 35 Columbite-(Mn), 35 Qitianlingite; 40 Ferrowodginite, 40 Lithiotantite, 40 Lithiowodginite, 40 Tantalowodginite*, 40 Titanowodginite , 40 Wodginite , 40 Ferrotitanowodginite; 45 Tivanite, 50 Carmichaelite, 55 Alumotantite, 60 Biehlite 04.DC With medium-sized cations; sheets of edge-sharing octahedra: 05 Bahianite, 10 Simpsonite 04.DD With medium-sized cations; frameworks of edge-sharing octahedra: 05 Anatase , 10 Brookite 04.DE With medium-sized cations; with various polyhedra: 05 Downeyite , 10 Koragoite; 15 Koechlinite, 15 Russellite , 15 Tungstibite; 20 Tellurite , 25 Paratellurite ; 30 Cervantite , 30 Bismutotantalite, 30 Bismutocolumbite, 30 Clinocervantite, 30 Stibiocolumbite, 30 Stibiotantalite ; 35 IMA2007-058, 35 Baddeleyite 04.DF With large (± medium-sized) cations; dimers and trimers of edge-sharing octahedra: 05 Nioboaeschynite-(Y), 05 Aeschynite-(Ce) , 05 Aeschynite-(Nd) , 05 Aeschynite-(Y) , 05 Nioboaeschynite-(Ce), 05 Nioboaeschynite-(Nd), 05 Tantalaeschynite-(Y), 05 Rynersonite , 05 Vigezzite , 10 Changbaiite , 15 Murataite 04.DG With large (± medium-sized) cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra: 05 Euxenite-(Y) , 05 Loranskite-(Y), 05 Polycrase-(Y) , 05 Uranopolycrase , 05 Fersmite, 05 Kobeite-(Y), 05 Tanteuxenite-(Y), 05 Yttrocrasite-(Y); 10 Fergusonite-beta-(Nd), 10 Fergusonite-beta-(Y), 10 Fergusonite-beta-(Ce), 10 Yttrotantalite-(Y); 15 Foordite, 15 Thoreaulite; 20 Raspite 04.DH With large (± medium-sized) cations; sheets of edge-sharing octahedra:IMA/CNMNC revised the Pyrochlore supergroup 2010 (04.DH.15 and 04.DH.20) 05 Brannerite, 05 Orthobrannerite, 05 Thorutite; 10 Kassite , 10 Lucasite-(Ce) Pyrochlore group: Fluorcalciopyrochlore, Fluorkenopyrochlore, Fluornatropyrochlore, Fluorstrontiopyrochlore, Hydropyrochlore , Hydroxycalciopyrochlore, Kenoplumbopyrochlore, Oxycalciopyrochlore , Oxynatropyrochlore, Oxyplumbopyrochlore, Oxyyttropyrochlore-(Y) Microlite group: Fluorcalciomicrolite, Fluornatromicrolite, Hydrokenomicrolite, Hydromicrolite, Hydroxykenomicrolite , Kenoplumbomicrolite, Oxycalciomicrolite, Oxystannomicrolite , Oxystibiomicrolite Romeite group: Cuproromeite, Fluorcalcioromeite, Fluornatroromeite, Hydroxycalcioromeite , Oxycalcioromeite, Oxyplumboromeite, Stibiconite Betafite group: Calciobetafite , Oxyuranobetafite Elsmoreite group: Hydrokenoelsmoreite 25 Rosiaite; 30 Zirconolite-3O, 30 Zirconolite-3T, 30 Zirconolite-2M, 30 Zirconolite ; 35 Liandratite, 35 Petscheckite; 40 Ingersonite, 45 Pittongite Discredited minerals 04.DH.15: Bariomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977), Bariopyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977), Betafite (of Hogarth 1977), Bismutomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977), Ceriopyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977), Jixianite, Natrobistantite, Plumbomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977), Plumbobetafite (of Hogarth 1977), Stannomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977), Stibiobetafite (of Černý et al.), Yttrobetafite (of Hogarth 1977), Yttropyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977), Bismutopyrochlore (of Chukanov et al.) and Bismutostibiconite 04.DH.20 04.DJ With large (± medium-sized) cations; polyhedral frameworks: 05 Calciotantite, 05 Irtyshite, 05 Natrotantite 04.DK With large (± medium-sized) cations; tunnel structures: 05 Ankangite, 05 Coronadite , 05 Hollandite , 05 Manjiroite, 05 Mannardite, 05 Redledgeite, 05 Priderite, 05 Henrymeyerite, 05 Akaganeite , 10 Cryptomelane , 10 Romanechite , 10 Strontiomelane, 10 Todorokite 04.DL With large (± medium-sized) cations; fluorite-type structures: 05 Cerianite-(Ce) , 05 Zirkelite , 05 Thorianite , 05 Uraninite ; 10 Calzirtite, 10 Hiarneite , 10 Tazheranite 04.DM With large (± medium-sized) cations; unclassified: 05 Sosedkoite, 05 Rankamaite; 15 Cesplumtantite, 20 Eyselite, 25 Kuranakhite 04.E Metal:Oxygen = < 1:204.E: IMA2008-040 04.EA Oxides with metal : oxygen < 1:2 (M2 O5 , MO3 ): 05 Tantite , 10 Krasnogorite*, 10 Molybdite 04.X Unclassified Strunz Oxides04.XX Unknown: 00 Allendeite , 00 Ashanite?, 00 Hongquiite*, 00 Psilomelane ?, 00 Uhligite?, 00 Clinobirnessite*, 00 Kleberite*, 00 Chubutite*, 00 Struverite?, 00 IMA2000-016, 00 IMA2000-026
Class: hydroxides 04.F Hydroxides (without V or U)04.FA Hydroxides with OH, without H2 O; corner-sharing tetrahedra: 05a Behoite, 05b Clinobehoite; 10 Sweetite , 10 Wulfingite, 10 Ashoverite 04.FB Hydroxides with OH, without H2 O; insular octahedra: 05 Shakhovite; 10 Cualstibite, 10 Zincalstibite 04.FC Hydroxides with OH, without H2 O; corner-sharing octahedra: 05 Dzhalindite , 05 Sohngeite, 05 Bernalite; 10 Burtite, 10 Mushistonite, 10 Natanite, 10 Vismirnovite, 10 Schoenfliesite, 10 Wickmanite; 15 Jeanbandyite, 15 Mopungite, 15 Stottite; 15 Tetrawickmanite; 20 Ferronigerite-6N6S, 20 Ferronigerite-2N1S, 20 Magnesionigerite-6N6S, 20 Magnesionigerite-2N1S; 25 Magnesiotaaffeite -6N3S, 25 Magnesiotaaffeite-2N2S , 25 Ferrotaaffeite-6N3S 04.FD Hydroxides with OH, without H2 O; chains of edge-sharing octahedra: 05 Spertiniite ; 10 Bracewellite, 10 Diaspore , 10 Guyanaite , 10 Groutite , 10 Goethite , 10 Montroseite, 10 Tsumgallite; 15 Manganitev; 20 Cerotungstite-(Ce), 20 Yttrotungstite-(Y), 20 Yttrotungstite-(Ce); 25 Frankhawthorneite ; 30 Khinite , 30 Parakhinite 04.FE Hydroxides with OH, without H2 O; sheets of edge-sharing octahedra: 05 Amakinite , 05 Brucite , 05 Portlandite , 05 Pyrochroite, 05 Theophrastite , 05 Fougerite ; 10 Bayerite , 10 Doyleite , 10 Gibbsite , 10 Nordstrandite; 15 Boehmite , 15 Lepidocrocite ; 20 Grimaldiite, 20 Heterogenite -2H, 20 Heterogenite-3R; 25 Feitknechtite, 25 Lithiophorite; 30 Quenselite, 35 Ferrihydrite ; 40 Feroxyhyte , 40 Vernadite; 45 Quetzalcoatlite 04.FF Hydroxides with OH, without H2 O; various polyhedra: 05 Hydroromarchite 04.FG Hydroxides with OH, without H2 O; unclassified: 05 Janggunite , 10 Cesarolite, 15 Kimrobinsonite 04.FH Hydroxides with H2 O ± (OH); insular octahedra: 05 Bottinoite, 05 Brandholzite 04.FJ Hydroxides with H2 O ± (OH); corner-sharing octahedra: 05 Sidwillite, 05 Meymacite; 10 Tungstite ; 15 Ilsemannite , 15 Hydrotungstite; 20 Parabariomicrolite 04.FK Hydroxides with H2 O ± (OH); chains of edge-sharing octahedra: 05 Bamfordite 04.FL Hydroxides with H2 O ± (OH); sheets of edge-sharing octahedra: 05 Meixnerite, 05 Jamborite, 05 Iowaite, 05 Woodallite, 05 Akdalaite , 05 Muskoxite; 10 Hydrocalumite, 15 Kuzelite; 20 Aurorite , 20 Chalcophanite, 20 Ernienickelite, 20 Jianshuiite; 25 Woodruffite, 30 Asbolane ; 40 Takanelite, 40 Rancieite; 45 Birnessite , 55 Cianciulliite, 60 Jensenite, 65 Leisingite, 75 Cafetite , 80 Mourite, 85 Deloryite 04.FM Hydroxides with H2 O ± (OH); Unclassified: 15 Franconite, 15 Hochelagaite, 15 Ternovite; 25 Belyankinite, 25 Gerasimovskite, 25 Manganbelyankinite; 30 Silhydrite, 35 Cuzticite, 40 Cyanophyllite 04.FN: 05 Menezesite 04.G Uranyl Hydroxides04.GA Without additional cations: IMA2008-022; 05 Metaschoepite, 05 Paraschoepite, 05 Schoepite ; 10 Ianthinite; 15 Metastudtite , 15 Studtite 04.GB With additional cations (K, Ca, Ba, Pb, etc.); with mainly UO2 (O,OH)5 pentagonal polyhedra: 05 Compreignacite, 05 Agrinierite , 05 Rameauite ; 10 Billietite , 10 Becquerelite , 10 Protasite; 15 Richetite; 20 Calciouranoite, 20 Bauranoite, 20 Metacalciouranoite; 25 Fourmarierite , 30 Wolsendorfite, 35 Masuyite ; 40 Metavandendriesscheite, 40 Vandendriesscheite; 45 Vandenbrandeite , 50 Sayrite , 55 Curite , 60 Iriginite, 65 Uranosphaerite, 70 Holfertite 04.GC With additional cations; with UO2 (O,OH)6 hexagonal polyhedra: 05 Clarkeite , 10 Umohoite , 15 Spriggite 04.H V[5,6] Vanadates(moved to -08- Class: vanadates) 04.I Ice group 04.X Unclassified Strunz Oxides (Hydroxides)04.XX Unknown: 00 Ungursaite*, 00 Scheteligite?
References
Palache, Charles, Harry Berman and Clifford Frondel, 1944, The System of Mineralogy, Wiley, 7th ed. Vol. 1, p. 490 ff. Klein, Cornelis and Cornelius S. Hurlbut, Jr., 1985, Manual of Mineralogy , Wiley, 20th ed., pp. 295–318 Webmineral Dana Oxides Stuart J. Mills; Frédéric Hatert; Ernest H. Nickel & Giovanni Ferraris (2009). "The standardisation of mineral group hierarchies: application to recent nomenclature proposals" (PDF) . Eur. J. Mineral . 21 : 1073–1080. doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2009/0021-1994. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-02-17. Retrieved 2011-01-27 . Nickel, Ernest H. ; Nichols, Monte C. (March 2009). "IMA-CNMNC List of Mineral Names" (PDF) . IMA-CNMNC. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-26. Retrieved 2011-01-27 .Ferraiolo, Jim. "Nickel–Strunz (Version 10) Classification System". webmineral.com.