На выборах в Палату представителей США в 2018 году демократы получили 235 мест. В преддверии выборов 2020 года многие опросы прогнозировали, что демократы расширят свое большинство до 15 мест из-за непопулярности тогдашнего президента Дональда Трампа . В то время как демократы в конечном итоге сохранили контроль над Палатой после выборов 2020 года, республиканцы получили чистый прирост в 14 мест [2] , и демократы вошли в 2021 год с узким большинством в Палате представителей 222–213. [3] [4] Это был первый случай с 2004 года , когда Республиканская партия получила чистый прирост в Палате представителей в год президентских выборов. Это привело к наименьшему большинству демократов с 1942 года.
Республиканцы превзошли ожидания на выборах в Палату представителей 2020 года, вернув себе ряд мест, которые они потеряли в 2018 году, и при этом успешно защитив конкурентные места, которые демократы надеялись переиграть. Ни один действующий республиканец не потерпел поражения на переизбрании, в то время как 13 действующих демократов были вытеснены республиканцами; также несколько успешных кандидатов от Демократической партии победили с меньшим, чем ожидалось, отрывом. Многие ссылались на присутствие Трампа в избирательном бюллетене как на фактор, способствовавший высокой явке республиканцев, [3] [5] [6] [7], в то время как другие подчеркивали усилия Республиканской партии по продвижению своих кандидатов-женщин и представителей меньшинств. [8] [9] [10] [11]
Это 11-е выборы со времен Гражданской войны , в которых победившая президентская партия потеряла места в Палате представителей после выборов 1868 , 1884 , 1892 , 1896 , 1908 , 1960 , 1988 , 1992 , 2000 и 2016 годов .
Результаты выборов 2020 года сравниваются ниже с выборами в ноябре 2018 года, на которых было заполнено только 434 места (результаты выборов в одном округе были аннулированы). Сводка результатов ниже не включает пустые и пере-недоборы, которые были включены в официальные результаты.
По штатам
Карты
Картограмма результатов:
Народное голосование по штатам
Результаты по марже
Выход на пенсию
36 действующих должностных лиц не стали добиваться переизбрания ни в связи с уходом в отставку, ни в связи с поиском других должностей.
демократы
Девять демократов не стали баллотироваться на переизбрание.
В 2020 году в отставку подали четыре действующих депутата, все они были республиканцами, при этом до ноябрьских выборов не проводилось дополнительных выборов для заполнения вакантных мест.
республиканцы
Калифорния 50 : Дункан Хантер подал в отставку 13 января, признав себя виновным по одному пункту обвинения в нецелевом использовании средств избирательной кампании. Место выиграл республиканец Даррелл Исса . [12]
Восемь действующих кандидатов проиграли повторное выдвижение в 2020 году, что является наибольшим показателем за год без перераспределения избирательных округов с 1974 года. [16]
^Due to the primary system used in Louisiana, a December 5 runoff election determined the winner of any race where no candidate received more than 50% of the vote on November 3, 2020.
^Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, Guam cancelled its August 29, 2020, primary elections. All three certified candidates appeared on the November 3, 2020 ballot with a runoff held on November 17, 2020.[32]
^Because of a lack of ballots at about half of Puerto Rico's 110 voting locations, the August 9 primaries were suspended until August 16.[33]
^Amash was elected as Republican. He left the party in 2019 and joined the Libertarian Party in April 2020.
^Van Drew was elected as a Democrat and switched to the Republican Party in December 2019.
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Further reading
Amber Phillips (October 17, 2020). "The 5 types of attack ads defining the 2020 congressional elections". Washington Post.