Class of enzymes which transfer a sulfo group (–SO3) between molecules
In biochemistry , sulfotransferases (SULTs ) are transferase enzymes that catalyze the transfer of a sulfo group (R−SO− 3 ) from a donor molecule to an acceptor alcohol (R−OH ) or amine (R−NH2 ).[1] The most common sulfo group donor is 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS). In the case of alcohol as acceptor, the product is a sulfate (R−OSO− 3 ):
R − SO 3 − + R ′ − OH → SULT R − H + R ′ − OSO 3 − {\displaystyle {\ce {R-SO3-}}\ +\ {\ce {R'-OH}}\quad {\xrightarrow[{\text{ SULT }}]{}}\quad {\ce {R-H}}\ +\ {\ce {R'-OSO3-}}} whereas an amine leads to a sulfamate (R−NH−SO− 3 ):
R − SO 3 − + R ′ − NH 2 → SULT R − H + R ′ − NHSO 3 − {\displaystyle {\ce {R-SO3-}}\ +\ {\ce {R'-NH2}}\quad {\xrightarrow[{\text{ SULT }}]{}}\quad {\ce {R-H}}\ +\ {\ce {R'-NHSO3-}}} Both reactive groups for a sulfonation via sulfotransferases may be part of a protein , lipid , carbohydrate or steroid .[2]
General structure of a sulfonic acid with the blue marked functional group
Examples The following are examples of sulfotransferases:
carbohydrate sulfotransferase : CHST1 , CHST2 , CHST3, CHST4 , CHST5 , CHST6 , CHST7 , CHST8, CHST9, CHST10 , CHST11 , CHST12 , CHST13, CHST14 galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase : GAL3ST1 , GAL3ST2 , GAL3ST3 , GAL3ST4 heparan sulfate 2-O-sulfotransferase : HS2ST1 heparan sulfate 3-O-sulfotransferase : HS3ST1 , HS3ST2 , HS3ST3A1 , HS3ST3B1 , HS3ST4, HS3ST5, HS3ST6heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase : HS6ST1, HS6ST2 , HS6ST3N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase: NDST1 , NDST2 , NDST3 , NDST4 tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase : TPST1 , TPST2 uronyl-2-sulfotransferase Estrone sulfotransferase Chondroitin 4-sulfotransferase other: SULT1A1 , SULT1A2 , SULT1A3 , SULT1A4, SULT1B1 , SULT1C2 , SULT1C3 , SULT1C4 , SULT1D1P, SULT1E1 , SULT2A1 , SULT2B1 , SULT4A1 , SULT6B1
See also
References ^ Negishi M, Pedersen LG, Petrotchenko E, et al. (2001). "Structure and function of sulfotransferases". Arch. Biochem. Biophys . 390 (2): 149–57. doi:10.1006/abbi.2001.2368. PMID 11396917. ^ Rath VL, Verdugo D, Hemmerich S (2004). "Sulfotransferase structural biology and inhibitor discovery". Drug Discov. Today . 9 (23): 1003–11. doi:10.1016/S1359-6446(04)03273-8. PMID 15574316.
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