It includes a number of oceanic islands and oceanic island groups like the Galápagos Islands, Revillagigedo Islands, Cocos Island, and Clipperton Island. Clipperton has been labelled as a meeting point between the Oceanian realm and the Tropical Eastern Pacific realm.[2] The Galápagos Islands are also believed to have much higher percentages of Indo-West Pacific species in their marine faunas when compared to the continental American coasts.[3][4] A 2018 study revealed interconnectivity of species between the Line Islands, Hawaii and Clipperton, as well as interconnectivity between the Galápagos Islands and Marquesas Islands in French Polynesia.[5] The study identified the Northern Galápagos Islands as a "critical stepping-stone connecting the Central Pacific and Eastern Pacific."[5]
^ a bSpalding, Mark D.; Fox, Helen E.; Allen, Gerald R.; Davidson, Nick; Ferdaña, Zach A.; Finlayson, Max; Halpern, Benjamin S.; Jorge, Miguel A.; Lombana, Al; Lourie, Sara A.; Martin, Kirsten D.; McManus, Edmund; Molnar, Jennifer; Recchia, Cheri A.; Robertson, James (1 July 2007). "Marine Ecoregions of the World: A Bioregionalization of Coastal and Shelf Areas". BioScience. 57 (7): 573–583. doi:10.1641/B570707. S2CID 29150840.
^Robertson, D. Ross; Allen, Gerald R. (1996). "Zoogeography of the shorefish fauna of Clipperton Atoll". Coral Reefs. 15 (2): 121–131. Bibcode:1996CorRe..15..121R. doi:10.1007/BF01771902. hdl:10088/19435. S2CID 41906452.
^Robertson, Robert (1977). "Heliacus trochoides: An Indo-West-Pacific Architectonicid Newly Found in the Eastern Pacific (Mainland Ecuador)". The Veliger. 19 (1): 13–18.
^Brusca, Richard C. (1 September 1987). "Biogeographic Relationships of Galapagos Marine Isopod Crustaceans". Bulletin of Marine Science. 41 (2): 268–281.
^ a bRomero-Torres, Mauricio; Treml, Eric A.; Acosta, Alberto; Paz-García, David A. (19 June 2018). "The Eastern Tropical Pacific coral population connectivity and the role of the Eastern Pacific Barrier". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 9354. Bibcode:2018NatSR...8.9354R. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27644-2. PMC 6008413. PMID 29921956.