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Список достопримечательностей Чикаго

Дом Глесснера , признанный 14 октября 1970 года одной из первых официальных достопримечательностей Чикаго.

Ночной вид на крышу здания Чикагской торговой палаты по адресу 141 West Jackson, по адресу, где дважды располагалось самое высокое здание в Чикаго.

Chicago Landmark — обозначение мэром и городским советом Чикаго исторических мест в Чикаго , штат Иллинойс. Включенные в список места выбираются после соответствия ряду критериев, включая историческую, экономическую, архитектурную, художественную, культурную и социальную ценность. После того, как место обозначено как достопримечательность, оно подпадает под действие Постановления о достопримечательностях Чикаго, которое требует, чтобы любые изменения, выходящие за рамки обычного обслуживания, вплоть до сноса, должны иметь разрешение Комиссии по достопримечательностям . [1] Многие достопримечательности Чикаго также включены в Национальный реестр исторических мест , что обеспечивает федеральную налоговую поддержку для сохранения, а некоторые дополнительно обозначены как Национальные исторические достопримечательности , что обеспечивает дополнительный федеральный надзор.

Критерии

Мэр и городской совет назначают Комиссию по достопримечательностям Чикаго из девяти человек для разработки рекомендаций по достопримечательностям в соответствии с постановлением города Чикаго от 1968 года. [2] Комиссия рассматривает области, районы , места, здания, сооружения, произведения искусства и другие объекты в пределах города Чикаго для номинации исключительно на основе того, соответствует ли каждый из них двум или более из следующих критериев: [3]

  1. Его ценность как примера архитектурного, культурного, экономического, исторического, социального или иного аспекта наследия города Чикаго, штата Иллинойс или Соединенных Штатов;
  2. Его расположение как места значимого исторического события, которое могло или не могло иметь место в пределах или с использованием существующих улучшений;
  3. Его идентификация с лицом или лицами, которые внесли значительный вклад в архитектурный, культурный, экономический, исторический, социальный или иной аспект развития города Чикаго, штата Иллинойс или Соединенных Штатов;
  4. Олицетворение архитектурного типа или стиля, отличающегося новаторством, редкостью, уникальностью или общим качеством дизайна, деталей, материалов или мастерства;
  5. Идентификация его как работы архитектора, дизайнера, инженера или строителя, чья индивидуальная работа имеет важное значение для истории или развития города Чикаго, штата Иллинойс или Соединенных Штатов;
  6. Представление архитектурной, культурной, экономической, исторической, социальной или иной темы, выраженной посредством отличительных областей, районов, мест, зданий, сооружений, произведений искусства или других объектов, которые могут быть смежными или не смежными;
  7. Его уникальное местоположение или отличительный внешний вид или присутствие, представляющее устоявшуюся и знакомую визуальную особенность района , сообщества или города Чикаго.

После того, как комиссия определит, что кандидат соответствует по крайней мере двум из вышеуказанных критериев, группа может предоставить предварительное обозначение памятника архитектуры, если кандидат «имеет значительный исторический, общественный, архитектурный или эстетический интерес или ценность, целостность которой сохраняется с учетом его местоположения, дизайна, обстановки, материалов, мастерства и способности выражать такой исторический, общественный, архитектурный или эстетический интерес или ценность». [4]

История

В Чикаго движение за сохранение исторического наследия изначально ставило своей целью обеспечить сохранение отдельных зданий, имеющих особое значение. [5] Однако движение развилось и теперь охватывает районы и кварталы, а также отдельные участки природной среды. [5] В настоящее время сохранение является неотъемлемым элементом городского планирования и дизайна. [5] К народной поддержке формализации движения в ответ на масштабное и далеко идущее разрушение окружающей среды Чикаго привели три тенденции:

  1. спонсируемая правительством « городская реконструкция », которая привела к разрушению некоторых жилых районов;
  2. строительство высокоскоростных автомагистралей с ограниченным доступом, финансируемых в основном из федеральных фондов строительства автодорог, которые разделяют районы; и
  3. бум на рынке недвижимости в ответ на спрос на увеличение офисных помещений в районе Луп. [5]

В 1957 году олдермен 5-го округа городского совета Чикаго Леон Депре начал движение за сохранение достопримечательностей в Чикаго, приняв Дом Фрэнка Ллойда Райта Роби . [6] [7] Это привело к формированию Комиссии по городским достопримечательностям, которая выбрала 39 зданий в качестве «почетных» достопримечательностей. [6] Этот орган превратился в нынешнюю Комиссию по достопримечательностям Чикаго, которая была уполномочена городским указом Депре 1968 года выбрать и защитить 12 важных зданий в качестве первых официальных достопримечательностей Чикаго. [6] Хотя движение не смогло спасти ни Театр Гаррика Луиса Салливана в 1960 году, ни Здание Чикагской фондовой биржи Салливана в 1972 году, усилия привели к созданию Совета по сохранению достопримечательностей Иллинойса в дополнение к муниципальной комиссии. [6]

Национальное признание

Многие достопримечательности были обозначены как национальные исторические достопримечательности министром внутренних дел США за историческую значимость. Все эти и ряд других районов, мест, зданий, сооружений и объектов, достойных сохранения, были включены в Национальный реестр исторических мест . Не все достопримечательности Чикаго были включены в Национальный реестр, и не все зарегистрированные исторические места (даже не все из тех, которые далее обозначены как национальные исторические достопримечательности) были обозначены как достопримечательности Чикаго. Ни одна достопримечательность Чикаго не классифицируется как какой-либо другой тип охраняемой территории Системы национальных парков, включая национальные парки , национальные памятники или национальные заповедники . В таблицах ниже подробно описаны эти обозначения для обозначенных городом Чикаго мест и национальных исторических достопримечательностей.

Список достопримечательностей

Для согласованности в списке ниже используется название с сайта Chicago Landmark. Названия и границы районов соответствуют Community areas в Чикаго .

Registered Historic Places and Landmarks not designated Chicago Landmarks

As noted in the list above, there are many places that are designated as City landmarks but they have not been nationally registered. There are also approximately 200 nationally Registered Historic Places in Chicago that are not also designated Chicago Landmarks.[199] Of these, 13 are further designated as U.S. National Historic Landmarks:

See also

References

Notes
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  4. ^ "Municipal Code of Chicago, IL: 2-120-630 Landmarks--Preliminary recommendation". American Legal Publishing Corporation. 2013. Retrieved December 12, 2013.
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  22. ^ "Carson, Pirie, Scott, and Company Store". National Park Service. Archived from the original on March 5, 2008. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
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  30. ^ "S.R. Crown Hall". National Park Service. Archived from the original on June 5, 2011. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
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  32. ^ "Mayor Emanuel Honors DuSable High School as a Community Cornerstone, Presents Landmark Plaque to School Alumni and Ald. Pat Dowell (3rd)". July 30, 2013. Archived from the original on July 30, 2013.
  33. ^ "Edgewater's Former Epworth Church Designated as Landmark". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2023. Archived from the original on July 18, 2023. Retrieved July 18, 2023.
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  35. ^ a b "Commission on Chicago Landmarks Certified Local Government Annual Report for 2016" (PDF). Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 3, 2017. Retrieved August 3, 2017.
  36. ^ "Near West Side's Greater Union Baptist Church Is A Chicago Landmark". Blockclub. April 19, 2023. Archived from the original on April 19, 2023. Retrieved April 19, 2023.
  37. ^ "Glessner, John J., House". National Park Service. Archived from the original on January 3, 2008. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
  38. ^ "Heller, Isidore H., House". National Park Service. Archived from the original on January 3, 2008. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
  39. ^ "Landmark Designation Report" (PDF). Chicago Department of Housing and Economic Development. March 28, 2018. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 24, 2022. Retrieved April 25, 2023.
  40. ^ "Hull House". National Park Service. Archived from the original on November 14, 2007. Retrieved April 12, 2007.
  41. ^ "Landmark Designation Report" (PDF). Chicago Department of Housing and Economic Development. January 27, 2021. Archived from the original on October 24, 2022. Retrieved April 25, 2023.
  42. ^ "Landmark Designation Report" (PDF). Chicago Department of Housing and Economic Development. December 13, 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 24, 2022. Retrieved April 25, 2023.
  43. ^ "Leiter II Building". National Park Service. Archived from the original on January 3, 2008. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
  44. ^ "Little Village Arch Designated as Landmark". City of Chicago. January 26, 2022. Archived from the original on March 2, 2022. Retrieved April 21, 2023.
  45. ^ "Landmark Designation Report" (PDF). Chicago Department of Housing and Economic Development. April 27, 2022. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 24, 2022. Retrieved October 24, 2022.
  46. ^ "Marquette Building". National Park Service. Archived from the original on January 3, 2008. Retrieved April 12, 2007.
  47. ^ "Marshall Field Company Store". National Historic Landmark program. National Park Service. Archived from the original on March 3, 2008. Retrieved March 1, 2008.
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  49. ^ "Landmark Designation Report" (PDF). Chicago Department of Housing and Economic Development. February 4, 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 8, 2023. Retrieved April 26, 2023.
  50. ^ "Landmark Designation Report" (PDF). Chicago Department of Housing and Economic Development. August 5, 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 24, 2022. Retrieved April 27, 2023.
  51. ^ "Montgomery Ward Company Complex". National Park Service. Archived from the original on January 3, 2008. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
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  59. ^ a b "June 2009 Commission On Chicago Landmarks meeting minutes" (PDF). Chicago Department of Zoning and Land Use Planning. 2009. Retrieved June 8, 2009.[permanent dead link]
  60. ^ "Site of the First Self-Sustaining Nuclear Reaction". National Park Service. Archived from the original on April 5, 2015. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
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  64. ^ "Page Brothers Building". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on June 13, 2008. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  65. ^ "Palliser's Cottage Home No. 35". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on July 15, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  66. ^ "Palmer House Hotel". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2006. Archived from the original on July 17, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  67. ^ "Palmolive Building". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on July 17, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
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  69. ^ "Pate-Comiskey House". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on July 20, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
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  72. ^ "Peoples Gas Irving Park Neighborhood Store". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on July 28, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  73. ^ "Peoples Gas South Chicago Neighborhood Store". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on June 13, 2008. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
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  75. ^ "Perkins, Fellows & Hamilton Office and Studio". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on June 13, 2008. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  76. ^ "Henry V. Peters House". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on June 13, 2008. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  77. ^ "Wendell Phillips High School". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on June 13, 2008. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  78. ^ "Pilgrim Baptist Church". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on July 17, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  79. ^ "Pittsfield Building". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on June 13, 2008. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
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  82. ^ "Powhatan Apartments". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on July 16, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  83. ^ "Prairie Avenue District". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on June 13, 2008. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  84. ^ "Printing House Row District". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Retrieved April 13, 2007.[dead link]
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  87. ^ "Promontory Point Is Now A Chicago Landmark, A Major Victory For Activists Who Fought For Decades". Blockclub. April 19, 2023. Archived from the original on April 19, 2023. Retrieved April 19, 2023.
  88. ^ "Pulaski Park Fieldhouse". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on February 12, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  89. ^ "Pullman District". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on July 18, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  90. ^ "Pullman Historic District". National Park Service. Archived from the original on June 5, 2011. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
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  92. ^ "Quinn Chapel". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on June 13, 2008. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  93. ^ "Raber House". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on June 13, 2008. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  94. ^ "Race House". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on June 13, 2008. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  95. ^ "Landmark Designation Report" (PDF). Chicago Department of Housing and Economic Development. July 24, 2019. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 24, 2022. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
  96. ^ "Rath House". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on July 18, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  97. ^ "Reebie Storage Warehouse". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on June 13, 2008. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  98. ^ "Harriet F. Rees House". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. Archived from the original on December 3, 2013. Retrieved November 29, 2013.
  99. ^ "Reid, Murdoch & Co. Building". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on July 15, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  100. ^ "Reliance Building". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on July 29, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  101. ^ "Reliance Building". National Park Service. Archived from the original on May 13, 2008. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
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  103. ^ "Roberts Temple Church of God in Christ Building". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2006. Archived from the original on July 17, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
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  128. ^ "Second Presbyterian Church". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on July 17, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
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  132. ^ "Shedd Park Fieldhouse". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2004. Archived from the original on June 13, 2008. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  133. ^ "Council approves landmark status for Shoreland Hotel". Chicago Department of Zoning and Land Use Planning. 2010. Archived from the original on December 8, 2010. Retrieved September 21, 2010.
  134. ^ "Soldiers' Home". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on July 16, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  135. ^ "South Pond Refectory and Men's and Ladies' Comfort Station". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on July 20, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  136. ^ "South Side Cultural Center". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2004. Archived from the original on June 13, 2008. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  137. ^ "Chicago Landmarks – South Side Community Art Center". City of Chicago. Archived from the original on January 16, 2011. Retrieved December 25, 2010.
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  145. ^ "Sunset Cafe". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on July 16, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
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  156. ^ "Tribune Tower". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on June 13, 2008. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
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  187. ^ "Wheeler-Kohn House". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on July 18, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  188. ^ "Whistle Stop Inn". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on July 17, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
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  192. ^ "Wingert HouseWhistle Stop Inn". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on July 18, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  193. ^ "Woman's Athletic Club". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on June 13, 2008. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
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  198. ^ "Yondorf Block and Hall". Chicago Dep. of Pl. and Dev., Landmarks Div. 2003. Archived from the original on July 30, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  199. ^ Estimate of approximately 200 RHPs in Chicago not also designated as Chicago Landmarks derived as follows: There are 296 RHPs in Chicago, and there are approximately or exactly 107 sites identified in this article as being RHPs. That yields 296–107 = 189. As this list-article is an incomplete list of Chicago Landmarks, missing perhaps one or two dozen, it is possible that the number of RHPs not designated landmarks is somewhat lower than 189, but the total would still round to 200.
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  201. ^ "Adler Planetarium". National Park Service. Archived from the original on January 3, 2008. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
  202. ^ "Columbus Park". National Park Service. Archived from the original on January 3, 2008. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
  203. ^ "Compton, Arthur H., House". National Park Service. Archived from the original on February 12, 2012. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
  204. ^ "DePriest, Oscar Stanton, House". National Park Service. Archived from the original on March 3, 2008. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
  205. ^ "Du Sable, Jean Baptiste Point, Homesite". National Park Service. Archived from the original on November 23, 2007. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
  206. ^ "Lillie, Frank R., House". National Park Service. Archived from the original on January 3, 2008. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
  207. ^ "Millikan, Robert A., House". National Park Service. Archived from the original on March 3, 2008. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
  208. ^ "Orchestra Hall". National Park Service. Archived from the original on June 5, 2011. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
  209. ^ "Room 405, George Herbert Jones Laboratory". National Park Service. Archived from the original on February 8, 2008. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
  210. ^ "Shedd Aquarium". National Park Service. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
  211. ^ "U-505 (German Submarine)". National Park Service. Archived from the original on February 12, 2012. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
  212. ^ "Williams, Daniel Hale, House". National Park Service. Archived from the original on June 5, 2011. Retrieved April 16, 2007.

External links