Francisco Amorós y Ondeano, otherwise known as the Marquis of Sotelo (19 February 1770 – 1848), contributed to gymnastics in France and to the resurgence of sport in the so-called modern world in general.[1][2][3]
Ondeano was born in Valencia, Spain, the son of a brigadier of the Spanish army. At the age of nine he studied at a Saint-Isodore school within Madrid. At sixteen years of age he entered the military, in the capacity of an infantry-man in the army of Cordone.[2]
Ondeano took French nationality during 1816 and opened a gymnasium in Paris during 1817, and another in 1820, for the use of the military and also the general population.[4]
Amongst other works, he published texts entitled:
New Complete Manual of Physical Education for Gymnastics and Morals.[5]
Civil (or Civilian) French Gymnasium (of which there was an edition in print during the year 1819)[6]
^the United States of America's Library of Congress [Retrieved 2015-06-07]
^ a bHortense G. Du Faÿ, Francisco Amoros y Ondeano (marq. de Sotelo.) (1855). Coup d'œil sur le mouvement européen de 1790 à 1814, justifiant l'invasion d'Espagne de 1808, ou, Notice sur le marquis de Spoleta. published Paris 1855 (Original from Oxford University, Digitized 28 Apr 2006). Retrieved 2015-06-07.
^Jan Todd - Physical Culture and the Body Beautiful: Purposive Exercise in the Lives of American Women, 1800-1870 (p.63, note 27) Mercer University Press, 1998, 369 pages, ISBN 0865545618Critical Studies in Education and Culture [Retrieved 2015-06-07]
^Francisco Amorós Y. Ondeano - Nouveau Manuel Complet D'Éducation Physique, Gymnastique Et Morale, Volume 2 BiblioBazaar 2010, 212 pages, ISBN 1144330432 [Retrieved 2015-06-07]
^Gymnase civil français impr. P. N. Rougeron, 1819, 19 pages, [Retrieved 2015-06-07] (ed. translated partly using HarperCollins Publishers French Dictionary)