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List of dissenting academies (1660–1800)

This is a list of dissenting academies, English and Welsh educational institutions run by Dissenters to provide an education, and often a vocational training as a minister of religion, outside the Church of England. It runs from the English Restoration of 1660, which created a parallel educational system as a side-effect, to the end of the 18th century.[note 1]

East Anglia

London area

Midlands

North

South

South-West

Wales

See also

Notes

  1. ^ This list includes the academies (except where otherwise noted) from the first appendix to Irene Parker, Dissenting Academies in England (1914),[1] a work in the public domain. The author comments that Quaker establishments were excluded from her listing. The notes refer to the Dictionary of National Biography (DNB), and its successor the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (ODNB), to reference and cross-check.
    Some of the information about dates is uncertain, and details about students are sometimes contentious. The "Surman Index" links are to lists of Congregational ministers trained in academies, made available by The Surman Index Online, Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies, http://surman.english.qmul.ac.uk.

References

  1. ^ Online at https://archive.org/details/dissentingacadem00parkiala
  2. ^ Surman Index: Ipswich Academy Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ a b c d e Not in Parker.
  4. ^ "Sayers, Frank" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  5. ^ Pupils mentioned in ODNB database. Gell is mentioned in the DNB biography of Weld.
  6. ^ Surman Index: Saffron Walden Academy Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  7. ^ a b "Guyse, John" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  8. ^ Surman Index: Wickhambrook Academy, Suffolk Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine, Surman Index: Bishops Stortford College Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  9. ^ "Cradock, Samuel (CRDK637S)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge. "Cradock, Samuel" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  10. ^ a b "Calamy, Edmund (1671-1732)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900. The article contains extensive details of Calamy's schooling.
  11. ^ "Goodwin, Timothy" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  12. ^ Bishop's Hall Academy, Bethnal Green Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  13. ^ "Brand, Thomas" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  14. ^ ODNB article on Owen, Charles.
  15. ^ a b "Owen, Charles" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  16. ^ "Palmer, Samuel (d.1724)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  17. ^ a b c Nicholas Hans (1998). New Trends in Education in the 18th Century. Routledge. p. 57. ISBN 0-415-17611-5.
  18. ^ Surman Index: Cogan, Eliezer.
  19. ^ a b c "Cogan, Eliezer" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  20. ^ Curthoys, M. C. "Gurney, Russell". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/11774. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  21. ^ "Sharpe, Samuel" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  22. ^ "The city of Cambridge: Theological colleges | British History Online".
  23. ^ Stowell is in the DNB.
  24. ^ Reynolds is in the DNB.
  25. ^ a b "Shepherd, William" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  26. ^ a b c d e "Oldfield, Joshua" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  27. ^ "Lardner, Nathaniel" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  28. ^ As in Parker. Surman Index: Islington Academy, London (Thomas Doolittle) Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine, suggests may not be distinct from Islington (2).
  29. ^ Surman Index: Button, Ralph
  30. ^ "Button, Ralph" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900. (It says Jekyll lived with Button in Islington.) ODNB says a nonconformist seminary in Islington.
  31. ^ a b "Pomfret, Samuel" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  32. ^ "Dolittle, Thomas (DLTL649T)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  33. ^ a b c d e f "Doolittle, Thomas" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  34. ^ "Vincent, Thomas" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900. It mentions that he assisted Doolittle in Bunhill Fields.
  35. ^ a b "Rowe, Thomas" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  36. ^ "Bury, Samuel" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  37. ^ "Emlyn, Thomas" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  38. ^ According to Parker, p. 63, this precursor of the Mill Hill School founded 1807 had some connection, if tenuous.
  39. ^ Surman Index, record for Swift
  40. ^ a b Lee, Sidney, ed. (1892). "Kimber, Isaac" . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 31. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  41. ^ Dille, Catherine. "Dyer, Samuel". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/8352. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  42. ^ a b "Gale, Theophilus" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  43. ^ a b "Evans, John (1680?-1730)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  44. ^ a b "Grove, Henry" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  45. ^ Lee, Sidney, ed. (1897). "Say, Samuel" . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 50. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  46. ^ Parker, Irene (1914–2009). Dissenting academies in England: their rise and progress, and their place among the educational systems of the country. Cambridge University Press. pp. 58–59. ISBN 978-0-521-74864-3.
  47. ^ May be William Wickins, thought by Calamy to be an Emmanuel graduate, ejected minister of 1662. "Wickins, William (WKNS631W)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.. Surman Index: Wickins, William identifies only where Wickins was a priest, gives dates 1614-1699.
  48. ^ "Lawrence, Samuel" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  49. ^ "Reynolds, Thomas (1667?-1727)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  50. ^ "Morton, Charles (1627-1698)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  51. ^ "HyperCal1". Archived from the original on 26 February 2009. Retrieved 16 January 2009.
  52. ^ a b "Wesley, Samuel (1662-1735)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  53. ^ Surman Index: Jenkyn, William. Jenkyn not the father, could be William Jenkyn the younger. "Jenkyn, William" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  54. ^ Parker, Irene (1914–2009). Dissenting academies in England. Cambridge University Press. pp. 54–55. ISBN 978-0-521-74864-3.
  55. ^ "Parsons, Samuel (?-c.1752)". Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies. 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  56. ^ "Samuel Parsons's Academy, Clerkenwell Green (1731-1735)". Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies. 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  57. ^ "Taylor, Abraham (fl. 1726-fl. 1740)". Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies. 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  58. ^ "Abraham Taylor's Academy, Deptford (1735-1740)". Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies. 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  59. ^ "Stepney Academy (1740-1744)". Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies. 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  60. ^ "Hubbard, John c.1692-1743". Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies. 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  61. ^ a b "Marryatt, Zephaniah (c.1684-c.1754)". Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies. 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  62. ^ "Walker, John (?-1770)". Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies. 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  63. ^ "Plaisterer's Hall Academy (1744-1754)". Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies. 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  64. ^ "Conder, John (1714-1781)". Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies. 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  65. ^ "Gibbons, Thomas (1720-1785)". Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies. 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  66. ^ "Mile End Academy (1754-1769)". Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies. 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  67. ^ "Homerton Academy (1769-1850)". Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies. 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  68. ^ "New College, London (1850-1977)". Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies. 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  69. ^ "Taylor, Abraham" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  70. ^ "Conder, John" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  71. ^ "Williams, Thomas (?-c.1770)". Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies. 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  72. ^ "Robinson, Robert (1727?-1791)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  73. ^ a b c Nicholas Hans (1998). New Trends in Education in the 18th Century. Routledge. p. 56. ISBN 0-415-17611-5.
  74. ^ a b Briggs, J. H. Y. "Conder, John". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/6058. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  75. ^ a b "Stafford, John (1728-1800)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  76. ^ "Fell, John (1735-1797)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  77. ^ a b c "Pike, Samuel" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  78. ^ Stephen, Leslie, ed. (1886). "Blomfield, Ezekiel" . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 5. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  79. ^ "Fisher, Daniel (1731-1807)". Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies. 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  80. ^ Surman Index: Wapping Academy (Edward Veal) Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  81. ^ "Veel, Edward" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  82. ^ "Boyse, Joseph" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  83. ^ "Rogers, Timothy (1658-1728)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  84. ^ Parker, Irene (1914–2009). Dissenting academies in England. Cambridge University Press. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-521-74864-3.
  85. ^ "Savage, Samuel Morton" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  86. ^ a b All in DNB.
  87. ^ "Jennings, David" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900. These five mentioned.
  88. ^ a b "Jervis, Thomas" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  89. ^ "Furneaux, Philip" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  90. ^ Thomas Goodwin the younger. "Goodwin, Thomas" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  91. ^ "Chauncy, Isaac" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  92. ^ Surman Index record for Ridgley
  93. ^ "Eames, John" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  94. ^ Densham is mentioned in the ODNB article on Eames.
  95. ^ Surman Index: Alcester Academy Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  96. ^ Styles, Philip, ed. (1945), "Parishes: Alcester", A History of the County of Warwick, vol. 3, Barlichway Hundred, London: Victoria County History, pp. 8–22
  97. ^ http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/town/square/fk26/localpast/occpap/46biog/biogind.htm#p
  98. ^ Surman Index: Bedworth Academy Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  99. ^ Surman Index: Saunders, Julius
  100. ^ Surman Index: Kirkpatrick, John (died 1750)
  101. ^ Surman Index: Bridgnorth Academy Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  102. ^ a b Surman Index: Fleming, John (d. 1740)
  103. ^ a b "Alexander, John (d.1743)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  104. ^ Pickard is in the ODNB, an article that has a few facts about the academy.
  105. ^ Surman Index: Bromsgrove Academy Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  106. ^ "Hickman, Henry" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  107. ^ Surman Index: Coventry Academy Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  108. ^ "Bryan, John (BRN620J)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.. "Bryan, John (d.1676)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  109. ^ Surman Index: Shewell, Thomas
  110. ^ "Tong, William" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  111. ^ "Hill, Thomas (HL668T)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge. (Tentative identification). The DNB includes Hill in the article about his father, Thomas Hill (1628?–1677?).
  112. ^ a b c ODNB article on Ebenezer Latham.
  113. ^ Disney is in the DNB.
  114. ^ Not in Barker. Surman Index: Addington, Stephen.
  115. ^ Surman Index: Mile End Academy Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  116. ^ "Cole, Thomas (1627?-1697)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900. "Cole, Thomas (CL653T)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  117. ^ Stephen, Leslie, ed. (1886). "Bonnell, James" . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 5. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  118. ^ Records concerning those members of the Bull family, who are descendants of or connected with the Rev. William Bull (of Newport Pagnell) (1895).
  119. ^ a b "Bull, William" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  120. ^ "Dissenting Academies".
  121. ^ Parker, Irene (1914–2009). Dissenting academies in England. Cambridge University Press. pp. 77–90. ISBN 978-0-521-74864-3.
  122. ^ "Ashworth, Caleb" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900. Surman Index: Ashworth, Caleb
  123. ^ Surman Index: Robins, Thomas
  124. ^ Surman Index: Horsey, John (1754-1827)
  125. ^ Surman Index: Parry, William (1754-1819)
  126. ^ "Mason, John (1706-1763)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  127. ^ "Addington, Stephen" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  128. ^ a b "Holland, Philip" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  129. ^ "Fawcett, Benjamin" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  130. ^ "Dyer, Samuel" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  131. ^ Dictionary of National Biography, Moore, Henry (1732–1802), unitarian minister and hymn-writer, by Alexander Gordon. Published 1894.
  132. ^ "Palmer, Samuel (1741-1813)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  133. ^ a b "Kenrick, Timothy" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  134. ^ "Stevenson, William (1772-1829)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  135. ^ Their ODNB articles
  136. ^ a b Wykes, David L. "Hardy, John". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/74347. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  137. ^ Parker, Irene (1914–2009). Dissenting academies in England. Cambridge University Press. pp. 69–72. ISBN 978-0-521-74864-3.
  138. ^ Surman Index: Sheriffhales Academy Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  139. ^ The ODNB says a dissenting academy run by Samuel Birch at Shilton, Oxfordshire, followed by a Huguenot academy in London.
  140. ^ The ODNB article on St John mentions that this time at Sheriffhales has been postulated, but says there is no evidence for this, nor for the suggestion he was educated at Eton College; see though final note here.
  141. ^ ODNB mentions Foley's education at Sheriffhales and Utrecht.
  142. ^ "Bennet, Benjamin" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  143. ^ The ODNB article on Woodhouse by David L. Wykes confirms the attendance of Robert Harley, Edward Harley (1664–1735), St John and Foley. It also mentions the future ministers Chewning Blackmore, John Newman, Benjamin Robinson, and Ferdinando Shaw. The ODNB articles on Matthew Clarke the younger, Thomas Hill, and Timothy Manlove give them as students at Sheriffhales.
  144. ^ Parker, Irene (1914–2009). Dissenting academies in England: their rise and progress, and their place among the educational systems of the country. Cambridge University Press. pp. 72–74. ISBN 978-0-521-74864-3.
  145. ^ Tallents was an ejected minister and a tutor, but the DNB and ODNB articles do not make clear that he had an academy, rather than individual pupils.
  146. ^ a b "Shuttlewood, John" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  147. ^ "Shuttlewoode, John (SHTD650J)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  148. ^ "Sheffield, John (1654?-1726)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  149. ^ ODNB mentions Attercliffe.
  150. ^ Jennings at Attercliffe is mentioned in ODNB.
  151. ^ "Jollie, Timothy" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  152. ^ "Barker, John (1682-1762)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  153. ^ "Bradbury, Thomas" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  154. ^ "Wright, Samuel" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  155. ^ "Grosvenor, Benjamin" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  156. ^ "Harris, William (1675?-1740)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  157. ^ "Mottershead, Joseph" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  158. ^ Surman Index: Walker, Samuel, Surman Index: http://surman.english.qmul.ac.uk/academyDisplay.php?masterid=581 Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  159. ^ "Priestley, Timothy" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  160. ^ "Vint, William" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  161. ^ Stephen, Leslie, ed. (1886). "Boothroyd, Benjamin" . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 5. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  162. ^ Surman Index: Kendal Academy Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  163. ^ a b c "Rotheram, Caleb" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  164. ^ Stephen, Leslie, ed. (1888). "Dawson, Benjamin" . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 14. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  165. ^ Surman Index: Manchester Academy Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  166. ^ a b c "Chorlton, John" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  167. ^ a b "Coningham, James" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  168. ^ a b "Clegg, James" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  169. ^ a b "Dixon, Thomas" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  170. ^ Parker, Irene (1914–2009). Dissenting academies in England. Cambridge University Press. pp. 64–69. ISBN 978-0-521-74864-3.
  171. ^ "Ashe, John" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900. He went to Frankland's academy in 1688; the ODNB states that it was at that time in Attercliffe.
  172. ^ "Bayes, Joshua" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900. He studied under Frankland in 1686, at Attercliffe.
  173. ^ "Bassnett, Christopher" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  174. ^ Wright, Stephen. "Chorley, Josiah". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/5352. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  175. ^ Parker, Irene (1914–2009). Dissenting academies in England. Cambridge University Press. pp. 105–130. ISBN 978-0-521-74864-3.
  176. ^ "Clayton, Nicholas" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  177. ^ "Barnes, Thomas (1747-1810)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  178. ^ "Harrison, Ralph" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  179. ^ "Wellbeloved, Charles" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  180. ^ "Winder, Henry" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  181. ^ Surman Index: Gosport Academy Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  182. ^ "Gosport, Hampshire, 1777-1826". Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies. 2011. Retrieved 22 December 2013.
  183. ^ "David Bogue (1750-1825)". Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies. 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  184. ^ Parker, Irene (1914–2009). Dissenting academies in England: their rise and progress, and their place among the educational systems of the country. Cambridge University Press. p. 140. ISBN 978-0-521-74864-3.
  185. ^ "Robinson, Benjamin" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  186. ^ Langley is in the DNB.
  187. ^ Surman Index: Langley, Henry
  188. ^ "Evans, Hugh". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales.
  189. ^ Smith, R. D. "Ash, John". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/735. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  190. ^ a b "Hallett, Joseph (1656-1722)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  191. ^ "Foster, James" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  192. ^ "Fox, John (1693-1763)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  193. ^ "Merivale, John Herman" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  194. ^ Son of Matthew Towgood II. "Towgood, Michaijah" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  195. ^ Bretland is in the DNB.
  196. ^ Bransby is in the DNB.
  197. ^ a b Nicholas Hans (1998). New Trends in Education in the 18th Century. Routledge. p. 58. ISBN 0-415-17611-5.
  198. ^ Lee, Sidney, ed. (1891). "Huxham, John" . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 28. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  199. ^ Surman Index: Ottery St Mary Academy, Devon Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  200. ^ a b "Warren, Matthew" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  201. ^ "Amory, Thomas (1701-1774)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  202. ^ Stephen, Leslie; Lee, Sidney, eds. (1891). "Harris, William (1720-1770)" . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 25. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  203. ^ Kirk, Brian W. "Hamond, George". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/12165. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  204. ^ Stephen, Leslie, ed. (1890). "Gilling, Isaac" . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 21. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  205. ^ Parker, Irene (1914–2009). Dissenting academies in England. Cambridge University Press. pp. 96–101. ISBN 978-0-521-74864-3.
  206. ^ Jeremiah Jones is in the DNB.
  207. ^ "Scott, Daniel" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  208. ^ "Gifford, Andrew" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  209. ^ There was more than one John Moore tutoring in the area in the early 18th century; DNB article on Moore, John (1642?–1717).
  210. ^ Surman Index: Broad Oak Academy Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine, Surman Index: Broad Oak Academy or Shrewsbury Academy Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  211. ^ "Owen, James" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  212. ^ ODNB article on Lawrence.
  213. ^ Surman Index: Brynllywarch Academy Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  214. ^ Pugh is in the DNB.
  215. ^ "GENUKI : Theological Colleges in Wales". Archived from the original on 8 March 2013. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  216. ^ "Jardine, David". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales.
  217. ^ "Davies, Benjamin". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales.
  218. ^ "Griffiths, John". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales.
  219. ^ "Williams, Edward". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales.
  220. ^ "Simmons, Joseph". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales.
  221. ^ "Griffiths, Vavasor (?-1741)". Dr Williams's Centre for Dissenting Studies. 2011. Retrieved 23 December 2013.
  222. ^ "Price, Richard (1723–1791)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press. 2004. Retrieved 23 December 2013.
  223. ^ "Griffiths, Vavasor (d. 1741)". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 23 December 2013.
  224. ^ "Evans, William". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales.
  225. ^ "Perrot, Thomas". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales.
  226. ^ Gentleman is in the DNB.
  227. ^ Smith is in the DNB.
  228. ^ Surman Index: Knill, Radnorshire (John Weaver) Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine

External links