stringtranslate.com

Military Regional Command

Military Regional Commands in Indonesia as of 2021
The VI Military Regional Command/Mulawarman covering East, North, and South Kalimantan

The Indonesian Military Regional Commands (Indonesian: Komando Daerah Militer; abbreviated Kodam) also known officially as Military Area Commands are military districts of the Indonesian Army that function for the territorial defense of various regions within the country. They cover one or multiple provinces.

History

The Armed Forces' military regions are known as Kodam. Their organization was established by General Sudirman, following the model of the German Wehrkreise system. The system was later codified in Strategy Order No.1 (Surat Perintah Siasat No.1), signed by General Sudirman in November 1948.[1]

The Army's structure underwent various reorganisations throughout its early years. From 1946 to 1952, the Army was organized into combined arms divisions. These were consolidated in 1951 and then dissolved in 1952. From 1952 to 1958–59, the Army was organised into seven Territorial Armies (Tentara & Teritorium) composed of regiments and independent formations at battalion level and below. In August 1958, the Indonesian Army reconsolidated its territorial organization. This created sixteen regional commands, which retained earlier divisional titles; the Siliwangi Division, for example, became Kodam VI/Siliwangi.[2] The Kodam were subdivided administratively into Areas (the former territorial regiments), Districts (the former regimental battalions), and District Sectors, and operationally composed of several specialty battalions and in some regional commands, an infantry brigade.

A reorganisation in 1985 made significant changes in the army chain of command. The four multiservice Regional Defence Commands (Kowilhan) and the National Strategic Forces Command (Kostranas) were eliminated from the defense structure, re-establishing the Military Regional Commands (Kodam) as the key organisation for strategic, tactical, and territorial operations for all services. The 16 regions were reduced to just 10.[3] The chain of command flowed directly from the ABRI commander via the Chief of Staff of the Army to the ten territorial commanders, and then to subordinate army territorial commands. In 1999, the number of regions grew to 10, and today, there are around 15 in active operation.

The territorial commands incorporate provincial and district commands each with infantry battalions, sometimes a cavalry battalion, artillery, or engineers. The number of activated infantry brigades is increasing.[4] Some have Raider battalions attached.

Organization of Regional Commands

Each Military Regional or Area Command (Kodam) is led by a major general, assisted by a chief of staff who holds the rank of brigadier general. Kodams oversee several territorial formations under its command, which are:

  • The 063 "Sunan Gunung Jati" Military Area Command (Korem 063) in Cirebon, under Kodam III/Siliwangi
    The 063 "Sunan Gunung Jati" Military Area Command (Korem 063) in Cirebon, under Kodam III/Siliwangi
  • The 0619 Purwakarta Military District Command (Kodim 0619), under Korem 063
    The 0619 Purwakarta Military District Command (Kodim 0619), under Korem 063
  • The 2018 Susukan Military Sector Command (Koramil 2018) in Cirebon Regency, under Kodim 0620
    The 2018 Susukan Military Sector Command (Koramil 2018) in Cirebon Regency, under Kodim 0620

In addition, each of the Kodams own a Main Regiment (known as Resimen Induk Kodam or Rindam) which is responsible for the training and education of enlisted personnel and non-commissioned officers in their territory.

The office of the Regional Commander is assisted by the following territorial departments:

Operationally, each "Kodam" is organized as a territorial infantry division which oversees several Subordinate combat units:

Military regions

The following is a list of Military Regional Commands in Indonesia:

Former Military Regional Commands

References

  1. ^ Gitiyarko, Vincentinus (1 March 2021). "Serangan Umum 1 Maret 1949". Kompas. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
  2. ^ Conboy, Kenneth J. (2003). Kopassus : inside Indonesia's special forces (1st ed.). Jakarta: Equinox Publishing. p. 79. ISBN 979-95898-8-6. OCLC 51242376.
  3. ^ Anderson, Ben (1985). "Current Data on the Indonesian Military Elite". Indonesia (40). Southeast Asia Program Publications at Cornell University: 131–64. JSTOR 3350880.
  4. ^ "The Military Balance". 106 (1). International Institute for Strategic Studies. 2006. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)[page needed]
  5. ^ Stj Soenarman (1970). Sedjarah Kodam III/17 Agustus (in Indonesian). Komando Daerah Militer III/17 Agustus. p. 470.
  6. ^ Petrik Matanasi, Irfan Teguh (2020-06-15). "Kodam Bukit Barisan: Dipecah Nasution untuk Mempersempit Gerak PRRI". tirto.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2021-04-07. Pada masa pendudukan Jepang, di Sumatra Utara terdapat tentara sukarela yang tergabung dalam Gyugun. Setelah Proklamasi Kemerdekaan, para pemuda ini masuk ke dalam Tentara Keamanan Rakyat (TKR).
  7. ^ Panitia Redaksi "Kodam X/LM Membangun" (1962). Kodam X/LM Membangun (in Indonesian). Komando Daerah Militer X/Lambung Mangkurat. p. 22.
  8. ^ "Profil Satuan Kodim 1015/Sampit". kodim1015sampit.com. Retrieved 2021-04-08. Pada tanggal 1 Mei 1985 Kodam X/ Lambung Mangkurat dilikuidasi menjadi Kodam VI/Tanjungpura di Balikpapan sehingga Organik Administrasi Kodim 1015/Spt yang merupakan bagian wilayah dari Korem 102/Panju Panjung di bawah Kodam VI/Tanjungpura.
  9. ^ Alex Prawiraatmadja (1972). Amanat-amanat pada hari ulang tahun Kodam XI/Tambun Bungai, 17 Djuli 1972, di Palangka Raja (in Indonesian). TNI Angkatan Darat. p. 16.
  10. ^ "SEJARAH SINGKAT KOREM 102/PANJU PANJUNG". korem102panjupanjung.com. Archived from the original on 2021-05-13. Retrieved 2021-04-08.