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Список сотен Англии

Англия в 1086 году, показаны сотни, уэпентейки и палаты

Большинство графств Англии были разделены на сотни или уэпентеки с позднего англосаксонского периода, и они, за редкими исключениями, были фактически оставлены как административные единицы в 19 веке. [1]

Бедфордшир

Сотни жителей Бедфордшира в 1832 году

Беркшир

Сотни жителей Беркшира в 1832 году

Графство Беркшир состояло из 20 сотен и 193 приходов, а также частей четырех других. [2] Из Национального вестника Британии и Ирландии (1868), История графства Виктория, Беркшир, том 3 (1923) [3] и том 4 (1924) [4]

Бакингемшир

Бакингемширские сотни в 1832 году

По крайней мере до времени Обзора Страшного суда в 1086 году в Бакингемшире было 18 сотен. [11] Однако было высказано предположение, что соседние сотни уже стали более тесно связаны в XI веке, так что к концу XIV века первоначальные или древние сотни были объединены в 8 более крупных сотен. [12]

Чилтерн Сотни

Кембриджшир

Сотни жителей Кембриджшира в 1832 году

Кембриджшир был разделен на 17 сотен, плюс город Кембридж . У каждой сотни был отдельный совет, который собирался каждый месяц для решения местных судебных и налоговых вопросов. В 1929 году сотни включали следующие приходы. [13] [14]

Чешир

Сотни жителей Чешира в 1832 году

Из Harris, BE, и Thacker, AT (1987). История Виктории в графстве Честер. (Том 1: Физическое состояние, Доисторическое, Римское, Англосаксонское и Судный день). Оксфорд: Oxford University Press. ISBN  0-19-722761-9 .

Корнуолл

В Корнуолле название калькировалось как cantrev

Сотни жителей Корнуолла в 1832 году

Из GENUKI Genuki: Корнуолл, Корнуолл

Для некоторых целей острова Силли причислялись к одной десятой сотни.

Камберленд

Карта Камберленда с указанием округов, 1824 г.

Камберленд был разделен на округа, аналогичные сотням. Из Национального газетира Британии и Ирландии Генуки: КАМБЕРЛЕНД, Англия – История и описание, 1868, Камберленд

Дербишир

Карта графства Дербишир 1832 года.

Гражданские подразделения Дербишира в древности назывались wapentakes. В Domesday Survey 1086 упоминаются wapentakes Scarvedale, Hamestan, Morlestan, Walecross и Apultre, а также район Peche-fers. [16] Разделен на сотни к 1273 году. Из GENUKI Genuki: DERBYSHIRE, England – History and Description, 1868, Derbyshire (на основе Gazette 1868 года):

Девон

Девонские сотни в 1832 году

В 1850 году в Девоне их было тридцать две сотни, согласно « Истории, Газеттеру и Справочнику Девоншира» Уайта [19]

Дорсет

Сотни Дорсета в 1834 году

Графство Дарем

Графство Дарем было разделено на округа, аналогичные сотням. С карты графства Дарем 1840 года Genuki: Co Durham в 1840 году, Дарем.

Эссекс

Эссекские сотни в 1832 году

По данным essex1841.com, в переписи 1841 года в Эссексе также была зафиксирована сотня Харвича, которую История округа Виктория относит к Тендрингу.

Глостершир

Глостерширские сотни в 1832 году

Тридцать девять сотен, упомянутых в Обзоре Страшного суда, и тридцать одна сотня Списков сотен 1274 года очень сильно отличаются по названию и размерам как друг от друга, так и от двадцати восьми сотен сегодняшнего дня. Из Национального справочника Британии и Ирландии Genuki: Miscellaneous Places, Gloucestershire, Gloucestershire

В герцогстве Ланкастер (Глостершир) количество воль иногда исчислялось сотней.

Гэмпшир

В Обзоре Страшного суда упоминается 44 сотни в Гэмпшире [23], записанных как HanteScire и сокращенно как Hante . [24] К XIV веку их число сократилось до 37. Сотни Восточной Медины и Западной Медины на острове Уайт упоминаются в 1316 году. Остров Уайт получил собственный совет графства в 1890 году и стал полноценным церемониальным графством в 1974 году.

Hampshire has in the past been named Southamptonshire and is so recorded in the Commonwealth Instrument of Government, 1653. The name of the administrative county was changed from 'County of Southampton' to 'County of Hampshire' on 1 April 1959. The short form of the name, often used in postal addresses, is Hants.

The 44 Domesday-era hundreds were: Amesbury, Andover, Ashley, Barton, Basingstoke, Bermondspit, Bosbarrow, Bosham, Bountisborough, Bowcombe, Brightford, Broughton, Buddlesgate, Calbourne, Chalton, Charldon, Chuteley, Crondall, Droxford, East Meon, Edgegate, Evingar, Falemere, Fareham, Farringdon, Fawley, Fordingbridge, Hoddington, Holdshott, Hurstbourne, Kingsclere, Mansbridge, Meonstoke, Micheldever, Neatham, Odiham, Overton, Portsdown, Redbridge, Ringwood, Somborne, Titchfield, Waltham, Welford

Hampshire Hundreds in 1832

In the 19th century, the hundreds were listed as:

Herefordshire

The hundreds mentioned in the Domesday Survey and the hundreds of the Hundred Rolls of 1274 differ very widely in name and extent both from each other and from the ten hundreds of the present day. Not included in the hundreds of Herefordshire at the time of Domesday, the sparsely populated Welch area of Archenfield included Ashe Ingen, Baysham and Kings Caple.[26]

From Domesday (1086):

Herefordshire hundreds in 1755

From The National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland (1868) Genuki: Miscellaneous Places, Herefordshire, Herefordshire

Hertfordshire

Hertfordshire Hundreds in 1832

(Danais & Tring added as per History of Hertfordshire)[48]

Huntingdonshire

Kent

Kent Hundreds in 1832

From Kent Genealogy Kent Genealogy England. Early Medieval Kent was traditionally divided into East and West Kent, and into lathes and hundreds.

The hundreds contained parishes and portions of parishes. In many regions of England as well as Kent, an entire parish would be within one hundred, yet especially along rivers and estuaries which had previously seen invasion, the Kentish hundreds were smaller in area and "shared" parishes to institutionalize resiliency and collective responsibility for defence and justice.

East Kent

Lathe of St. Augustine

Lathe of Scraye

Lathe of Scraye formed by mid-1200s from the half lathe of Milton (which consisted of the hundred of Milton and the Isle of Sheppey) and the Lathe of Wye (which consisted of the Isle of Harty (which is conjoined to the Isle of Sheppey) and many additional hundreds.

Due to a judicial administrative reform in the mid-19th century, the some hundreds of the Lathe of Scray were moved from East Kent administration to West Kent administration:

Lathe of Shepway

The Lathe of Shepway also included the Cinque Port Liberty of New Romney in Romney Marsh,[49] with the parish of Lydd as a limb of the Liberty.

West Kent

Lathe of Sutton at Hone

Lathe of Aylesford

plus the Lowey of Tonbridge

Lathe of Scraye (part)

In 1857 the provisions of the Act of 9 Geo. IV were invoked to re-examine the whole structure of Lathes and their divisions in providing for the administration of justice. The Lower Division of the Lathe of Scray, which formed the southernmost part of the Lathe, became part of West Kent, and consisted of the following Hundreds:

Lancashire

Lancashire Hundreds in 1834

Leicestershire

Leicestershire was originally divided into four wapentakes, but these were usually later described as hundreds. From the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica[50] after 1346 the six hundreds were:

In the Domesday Book, West Goscote and East Goscote made up just Goscote and Sparkenhoe did not yet exist. The division which brought East and West Goscote and Sparkenhoe into existence was made in 1346.

Lincolnshire

Lincolnshire Wapentakes in 1832

Lincolnshire was divided into three Parts, each of which was divided into wapentakes, analogous to hundreds.

From map on Lincolnshire County Council website:[51]

Parts of Holland
Parts of Kesteven
Parts of Lindsey
North Riding of Lindsey
South Riding of Lindsey
West Riding of Lindsey

Middlesex

Norfolk

[56]

Northamptonshire

In 1086, there were 39 hundreds in the county:[57] Alboldstow, Alwardsley, Barcheston, Beltisloe, Bloxham, Bumbelowe, Cleyley, Coleshill, Collingtree, Corby, Cuttlestone, Fawsley (Foxley), Gravesend (later absorbed into Fawsley Hundred),[58] Guilsborough, Hamfordshoe, Higham, Hunesberi, Huxloe, Kirtlington, Mawsley, Navisford, Navisland, Ness, Nobottle, Offlow, Orlingbury, Polebrook, Rothwell, Spelhoe, Stoke (By the time of the 'Nomina Villarum' a survey carried out in the first half of the 12th century, the Stoke Hundred had been absorbed into the Corby Hundred),[59] Stotfold, Sutton, Towcester, Upton, Warden, Willybrook, Witchley, Wootton and Wymersley.

From the Northamptonshire Family History Society[60] the hundreds in the 1800s are:

The liberty and Soke of Peterborough was sometimes called Nassaburgh hundred.

Northumberland

Following the Harrying of the North and subsequent incursions from Scotland, the high sheriff of Northumberland was granted extraordinary powers. The county was subdivided into baronies, which were arranged in six wards and subdivided into constabularies.[63] The wards were analogous to hundreds. From the National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland (1868) GENUKI: The National Gazetteer of Great Britain and Ireland (1868) – Northumberland

Nottinghamshire

Nottinghamshire Wapentakes in 1832

Nottinghamshire was divided into wapentakes, analogous to hundreds. From the Thoroton Society of Nottinghamshire The Thoroton Society of Nottinghamshire: Nottinghamshire

Oxfordshire

From[66]

Rutland

Map of Rutland; by George Carrington Gray (1824)

Shropshire

Shropshire Hundreds in 1832

From GENUKI[83]

† — including the Shropshire exclave of Halesowen‡ The liberties of the borough of Shrewsbury and priory/borough of Wenlock were extensive and are usually considered as hundreds (Wenlock was sometimes described as the "franchise of Wenlock").[85]

Somerset

Hundreds of Somerset in 1832

From the National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland

Staffordshire

Hundreds of Staffordshire in 1832

From GENUKI[86]

Suffolk

[87]

Surrey

Map of Surrey; by Wenceslaus Hollar (17th century)

There are thirteen hundreds and a half-hundred:

Sussex

Sussex Hundreds in 1834

Sussex was divided into rapes, and then hundreds.

Arundel Rape

The Arundel Rape covered nearly all of what is now West Sussex until about 1250, when it was split into two rapes the Arundel Rape and the Chichester Rape.[88] In 1834 it contained five hundreds sub-divided into fifty six parishes.[89]

Bramber Rape

The Bramber Rape lies between the Rape of Arundel in the west and Lewes in the east. In 1834 it contained 40 parishes[90] in the following hundreds:

as well as 3 half hundreds

Chichester Rape

The combined Chichester and Arundel Rape covered nearly all of what is now West Sussex until about 1250, when it was split into two rapes the Arundel Rape and the Chichester Rape.[88] In 1834 it contained seven hundreds and seventy-four parishes.[91]

Hastings Rape

Medieval sources talk of a group of people who were separate to that of the South Saxons they were known as the Haestingas. The area of Sussex they occupied became the Rape of Hastings.[92]It encompassed the easternmost part of Sussex, with the county of Kent to its east and the Rape of Pevensey to its west. The Anglo-Saxon hundred of Hailesaltede[93] was later partitioned into Battle Hundred and Netherfield Hundred. In 1833, the Rape of Hastings had 13 hundreds giving a total of about 154,060 acres.[94]

Lewes Rape

The Rape of Lewes is bounded by the Rape of Bramber on its west and the Rape of Pevensey on its east. Although it had the same amount of hundreds in 1833 as in the Domesday survey, there had been some cases of manors and parishes been taken from one and added to another hundred, and in other cases the hundreds had been divided and lost.[95]

Pevensey Rape

The Pevensey Rape lies between the Rapes of Lewes and Hastings. In 1833 it contained 19 hundreds and 52 parishes[96]

Warwickshire

Warwickshire in 1832

Warwickshire was divided into four hundreds, with each hundred consisting of a number of divisions.

Westmorland

Westmorland was divided into four wards, analogous to hundreds. Pairs of wards made up the two Baronies. From Magna Britannica et Hibernia (1736) Genuki: Westmorland, Westmorland

Barony of Kendal

The Barony of Kendal had two wards:

Barony of Westmorland

The Barony of Westmorland had two wards:

Wiltshire

There were 40 hundreds in Wiltshire at the time of the Domesday Survey. Hundreds in 1835 were:

Worcestershire

Worcestershire in 1832

The ancient hundreds in 1086 at the time of the Domesday survey were:[97]Ash, Came,[98] Celfledetorn, Clent, Cresslow, Cutestornes, Doddingtree, Dudstone, Fernecumbe, Fishborough, Greston, Ossulstone, Oswaldslow, Pershore, Plegelgete, Seisdon, Tewkesbury, Tibblestone, Wolfhay. Some of the parishes within these hundreds, such as Feckenham in Ash Hundred, or Gloucester in Dudstone Hundred, may have partially been in other counties or were transferred between counties in the intervening years.

Over the centuries, some of the hundreds were amalgamated and appear in many useful statistical records. The hundreds that continued their courts until disuse include:

Yorkshire

Yorkshire in 1832

Yorkshire has three Ridings,[104] East, North and West. Each of these was divided into wapentakes, analogous to hundreds.

The Ainsty wapentake, first associated with the West Riding, became associated in the fifteenth century with the City of York, outside the Riding system.

The hundreds of Amounderness and Lonsdale in Lancashire plus part of Westmorland were considered as part of Yorkshire in the Domesday Book.

East Riding

From GENUKI GENUKI: Definitions of the terms used to describe areas of land and habitation in the county of Yorkshire.

The other division of the riding was Hullshire.

North Riding

West Riding

From GENUKI GENUKI: Definitions of the terms used to describe areas of land and habitation in the county of Yorkshire.

See also

References

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