Gustaf Ignatius, governor of Kuopio province The Governor (Finnish : Maaherra , or Swedish : Landshövding ) of a province of Finland headed the activities of the State Provincial Office (Finnish: Lääninhallitus , or Swedish: Länsstyrelse ) until the end of 2009, when the provinces were abolished.[1] The governors were appointed by the President . Many former ministers including but not limited to Kaarlo Hillilä, Martti Miettunen, Hannele Pokka and Anneli Taina served as governors, since the post was regarded as prestigious enough for a retiring minister, but still politically neutral. The title of maaherra was also considered a personal title, such that once appointed, the title maaherra remained for life.
During the Swedish period (1634–1809) and the Russian period (1809–1917) the governor was a royal plenipotentiary, representing the sovereign, but with independence, the function was reversed: the governor represented his territory to the central government.
List of Provincial Governors
Province of Turku and Pori 1634–1997 Bror Rålamb 1634–1637 Melkior von Falkenberg 1637–1641 Melkior von Falkenberg 1641–1642 (Province of Åbo) Knut Lillienhöök 1642–1646 (Province of Åbo) No governor 1641–1646 (Province of Björneborg) Knut Lillienhöök 1647–1648 Lorentz Creutz (elder) 1649–1655Erik von der Linde 1655–1666 Ernst Johan Creutz (elder) 1666 Harald Oxe 1666–1682 Lorenz Creutz (younger) 1682–1698 Jakob Bure 1698–1706 Justus von Palmberg 1706–1714 Johan Stiernstedt 1711–1713 (acting) and 1714–1722 Otto Reinhold Yxkull 1722–1746 Lars Johan Ehrenmalm 1744–1747 (acting) and 1747–1749 Johan Georg Lillienberg 1749–1757Jeremias Wallén 1757–1768 Kristoffer Johan Rappe 1769–1776 Fredrik Ulrik von Rosen 1776–1781 Nils Fredenskiöld 1780 (acting) Magnus Wilhelm Armfelt 1782–1790 Joakim von Glan 1790–1791 (acting) Ernst Gustaf von Willebrand 1790–1806 Olof Wibelius 1801–1802 (acting) Knut von Troil 1806–1816 Otto Herman Lode 1811–1813 (acting) Carl Erik Mannerheim 1816–1826Lars Gabriel von Haartman 1820–1822 (acting)Eric Wallenius 1822–1826 (acting) and 1826–1828 Adolf Broberg 1828–1831 Lars Gabriel von Haartman 1831–1842Gabriel Anton Cronstedt 1840–1842 (acting) and 1842–1856 Samuel Werner von Troil 1856 (acting) Carl Fabian Langenskiöld 1856–1858Selim Mohamed Ekbom 1857–1858 (acting) Johan Axel Cedercreutz 1858–1863 (acting) and 1863 Carl Magnus Creutz 1864–1866 (acting) and 1866–1889 Axel Gustaf Samuel von Troil 1889–1891 Wilhelm Theodor von Kraemer 1891–1903 Theodor Hjalmar Lang 1903–1905 Knut Gustaf Nikolai Borgenström 1905–1911 Eliel Ilmari Wuorinen 1911–1917 Albert Alexander von Hellens 1917 (acting) Kaarlo Collan 1917–1922 Ilmari Helenius 1922–1932 Wilho Kyttä 1932–1949 Erkki Härmä 1949–1957Esko Kulovaara 1957–1971 Sylvi Siltanen 1972–1977Paavo Aitio 1977–1985Pirkko Työläjärvi 1985–1997
Province of Nyland and Tavastehus 1634–1831 Arvid Göransson Horn af Kanckas 1634–1640 Arvid Göransson Horn af Kanckas 1640–1648 (Province of Tavastehus) Reinhold Mettstake 1640–1642 (Province of Nyland) Jacob Uggla 1642–1648 (Province of Nyland) Erik Andersson Oxe 1648–1652 Ernst Johan Greutz 1652–1666 Udde Knutsson Ödell 1666–1668 Axel Eriksson Stålarm 1668–1678 Axel Rosenhane 1678–1685 Jonas Klingstedt 1685–1687 Karl Bonde 1687–1695 Mårten Lindhielm 1695–1696 Abraham Cronhjort 1696–1703 Johan Creutz 1703–1719 Per Stierncrantz 1719–1737 Axel Erik Gyllenstierna af Lundholm 1737–1746 Gustaf Samuel Gylleborg 1746–1756 Anders Johan Nordenskjöld 1756–1761 Hans Erik Boije af Gennäs 1761–1772 Carl Ribbing af Koberg 1773 Anders Henrik Ramsay 1774–1776 Anders de Bruce 1777–1786 Carl Gustaf Armfelt 1787–1788 Johan Henrik Munck 1790–1809 Gustaf Fredrik Stiernwall 1810–1815 Gustaf Hjärne 1816–1828 Carl Klick 1828–1831
Province of Ostrobothnia 1634–1775 Melcher Wernstedt 1635–1642 Hans Kyle 1642–1648 (Province of Vasa) Erik Soop 1644–1648 (Province of Uleåborg) Hans Kyle 1648–1650 Ture Svensson Ribbing 1650–1654 Johan Graan 1654–1668 Jacob Duwall 1668–1669 Johan Graan 1669–1674 Didrik Wrangel af Adinal 1674–1685 Gustaf Grass 1685–1694 Johan Nilsson Ehrenskiöldh 1694–1706 Johan Stiernstedt 1706 (acting) Lorentz Clerk 1706–1720 Reinhold Wilhelm von Essen 1720–1732 Carl Henrik Wrangel af Adinal 1732 Broor Rålamb 1733–1734 Carl Frölich 1734–1739 Gustaf Creutz 1739–1746 Gustaf Abraham Piper 1746–1761 Gustaf von Grooth 1761–1762 Carl Sparre 1763Fredrik Henrik Sparre 1763 Lorentz Johan Göös 1763–1774 Fredrik Magnus von Numers 1774 (acting)
Province of Viborg and Nyslott 1634–1721 Åke Eriksson Oxenstierna 1634–1637 Erik Gyllenstierna 1637–1641 Karl Mörner 1641–1644 (Province of Viborg) Johan Rosenhane 1644–1650 (Province of Viborg) Herman Fleming 1641–1645 (Province of Nyslott) Mikael von Jordan 1645–1650 (Province of Nyslott) Johan Rosenhane 1650–1655 Axel Axelsson Stålarm 1655–1656 Anders Koskull 1656–1657 Erik Kruse 1657–1658 Jakob Törnsköld 1658–1667 Conrad Gyllenstierna 1667–1674 Fabian Wrede 1675–1681 Carl Falkenberg 1681–1686 Anders Lindhielm 1689–1704 Georg Lybecker 1705–1712
Province of Kexholm 1634–1721 Henrik Månsson 1634–1636 Magnus Nieroth 1636–1641 Henrik Piper 1641–1642 (acting) Reinhold Mettstake 1642–1652 Jakob Törnsköld 1652–1656 Karl von Scheiding 1657–1660 Patrick Ogilwie 1660–1674 Berendt Mellin 1674–1690
Province of Kymmenegård and Nyslott 1721–1747 Johan Henrik Friesenheim 1721–1737 Joachim von Dittmer 1738–1741 Carl Johan Stiernstedt 1741–1746
Province of Savolax and Kymmenegård 1747–1775 Henrik Jacob Wrede af Elimä 1747–1753 Anders Johan Nordenskjöld 1753–1756 Otto Wilhelm De Geer 1757–1765 Anders Henrik Ramsay 1765–1774
Province of Vaasa 1775–1997 Bror Cederström 1775–1785Adolf Tandefeldt 1785–1794 Carl Fridrik Krabbe 1794–1805 Magnus Wanberg 1805–1808 Nils Fredric von Schoultz 1808 Carl Constantin de Carnall 1808–1822 Herman Henrik Wärnhjelm 1822–1830 Gustaf Magnus Armfelt 1830–1832Carl Gustaf von Mannerheim 1832–1833 (acting) and 1833–1834Carl Olof Cronstedt 1834–1837 (acting) and 1837–1845 John Ferdinand Bergenheim 1845–1847 Berndt Federley 1847–1854 Alexander von Rechenberg 1854–1858 Otto Leonard von Blom 1858–1861 Carl Gustaf Fabian Wrede 1862–1863 (acting) and 1863–1884Viktor Napoleon Procopé 1884–1888 August Alexander Järnefelt 1888–1894Fredrik Waldemar Schauman 1894–1898 Gustaf Axel von Kothen 1898–1900 Fredrik Geronimo Björnberg 1900–1903 Theodor Knipovitsch 1903–1906 Kasten Fredrik Ferdinand de Pont 1906–1910 Bernhard Otto Widnäs 1910–1913 Nikolai Sillman 1913–1916 Leo Aristides Sirelius 1916–1917 Juho Torppa 1917 (acting)Teodor August Heikel 1917–1920 Bruno Sarlin 1920–1930Erik Heinrichs 1930Kaarlo Martonen 1930–1938 Jalo Lahdensuo 1938–1943Toivo Tarjanne 1943–1944 K. G. R. Ahlbäck 1944–1967 Martti Viitanen 1967–1977Antti Pohjonen 1977–1978 Mauno Kangasniemi 1978–1991 Tom Westergård 1991–1997
Province of Oulu 1775–2009 Carl Magnus Jägerhorn 1775–1782 Adolf Tandefelt 1782–1785 Johan Fredrik Carpelan 1785–1800 Samuel af Forselles 1800–1802 Adolf Edelsvärd 1802–1804 Jakob Daniel Lange 1805–1808 Carl Henrik Ehrenstolpe 1809–1820 Samuel Fredrik von Born 1820–1826 Johan Abraham Stjernschantz 1826–1834 Robert Wilhelm Lagerborg 1834–1849Alexander Lavonius 1849–1862 George von Alfthan 1862–1873 Otto Nyberg 1873–1879 Carl Johan Jägerhorn 1878–1883 Carl Adolf Tamelander 1883–1884 Johan Gabriel Masalin 1884–1886 Johan Axel Gripenberg 1886–1889 Anders Johan Malmgrén 1889–1897 Gustaf Esaias Fellman 1897–1901 Edvard Furuhjelm 1901–1903 Otto Savander 1903–1905 Guido Gadolin 1905–1911 Hjalmar Langinkoski 1911–1915 Axel Fabian af Enehjelm 1915–1917 Matts von Nandelstadh 1917–1925 Eero Pehkonen 1925–1948Kaarle Määttä 1949–1967 Niilo Ryhtä 1967–1973Erkki Haukipuro 1973–1986Ahti Pekkala 1986–1991Eino Siuruainen 1991–2009
Province of Kymmenegård 1775–1831 Gustaf Riddercreutz 1774–1783 Robert Wilhelm de Geer af Tervik 1783–1789 Otto Wilhelm Ramsay 1789–1792 Herman af Låstbom 1793 Otto Wilhelm Ramsay 1793 Johan Herman Lode 1793–1810 Fredrik Adolf Jägerhorn af Spurila 1810–1812 Anders Gustaf Langenskiöld 1812–1827 Adolf Broberg 1827–1828 Erik Wallenius 1828 Abraham Joakim Molander 1828–1831
Province of Savolax and Karelia 1775–1831 Otto Ernst Boije 1775–1781 Georg Henrik von Wrigh 1781–1786 Simon Vilhelm Carpelan 1786–1791 Anders Johan Ramsay 1791–1803 Eric Johan von Fieandt 1803 Olof Wibelius 1803–1809 Simon Vilhelm Carpelan 1809–1810 Gustaf Aminoff 1810–1827 Carl Klick 1828–1829 Lars Sacklen 1829–1831
Province of Viipuri 1812–1945 Carl Johan Stjernvall 1812–1815 Carl Johan Walleen 1816–1820 Otto Wilhelm Klinckowström 1820–1821 (acting) and 1821–1825 Carl August Ramsay 1825–1827 (acting) and 1827–1834 Carl Gustaf von Mannerheim 1834–1839Fredric Stewen 1839–1844 Casimir von Kothen 1844–1846 (acting) and 1846–1853 Alexander Thesleff 1853–1856 Bernhard Indrenius 1856–1866 Christian Theodor Åker-Blom 1866–1882 Woldemar von Daehn 1882–1885Sten Carl Tudeer 1885–1888 (acting) and 1888–1889 Johan Axel Gripenberg 1889–1899 Nikolai von Rechenberg 1900–1902Nikolai Mjasojedov 1902–1905 Konstantin Kazansky 1905 (acting) and 1905 Mikael von Medem 1905–1906 (acting) Nikolai von Rechenberg 1906-1907Birger Gustaf Samuel von Troil 1907–1910 Frans Carl Fredrik Josef von Pfaler 1910–1917 Antti Hackzell 1918–1920Lauri Kristian Relander 1920–1925Arvo Manner 1925–1945
Province of Uusimaa 1831–1997
Province of Häme 1831–1997 Carl Klick 1831 Jakob Snellman 1831 (acting) Johan Fredrik Stichaeus 1831–1841 Carl Otto Rehbinder 1841–1863 Samuel Werner von Troil 1863–1865 Clas Herman Molander 1865–1869 Hjalmar (Sebastian) Nordenstreng 1870–1875 Edvard (Reinhold) von Ammondt 1875–1887 Torsten Costiander 1887–1895 Edvard Boehm 1895–1899 Gustaf Axel von Kothen 1900–1901 Isidor Svertschkoff 1901–1904 Alexander Pappkoff 1904–1906 Ivar (Sune) Gordie 1906–1910 Arthur Brofeldt 1910–1911 (acting)Rafael Knut Harald Spåre 1911–1917 Kustaa Adolf Saarinen 1917–1918 (acting) Antti Tulenheimo 1918–1919Albert von Hellens 1919–1930Sigurd Mattsson 1930–1959 Jorma Tuominen 1959–1972 Valdemar Sandelin 1973–1979Risto Tainio 1979–1994 Kaarina Suonio 1994–1997
Province of Mikkeli 1831–1997 Abraham Joakim Molander-Nordenheim 1831–1837 Gabriel Anton Cronstedt 1837–1840 Otto Abraham Boije 1840–1847 Alexander Thesleff 1847–1853 Carl Fabian Langenskiöld 1853–1854Carl Emil Cedercreutz 1854–1856 Bernhard Indrenius 1856 Samuel Werner von Troil 1856–1863 Theodor Sebastian Gustaf Thilén 1863–1869 Carl Gustav Mortimer von Kraemer 1869–1873 Edvard Reinhold von Ammondt 1874–1875 Hjalmar Sebastian Nordenstreng 1876–1883 August Alexander Järnefelt 1883–1884Gustav Axel Samuel von Troil 1884–1889 Johannes Gripenberg 1889–1891 Knut Robert Carl Walfrid Spåre 1891–1899 Lennart Fritiof Munck 1900–1903 Aleksander Watatzi 1903–1905 Anton Leonard von Knorring 1905–1910 Eliel Ilmari Vuorinen 1910–1911 Leo Aristides Sirelius 1911–1916 Nikolai Sillman 1916–1917 Aleksanteri August Aho 1917 Ernst Edvard Rosenqvist 1918–1927 Albin Pulkkinen 1927–1933Emil Jatkola 1933–1948Alpo Lumme 1949–1957Urho Kiukas 1957–1970 Viljo Virtanen 1970–1979Uuno Voutilainen 1979–1989 Juhani Kortesalmi 1989–1997
Province of Kuopio 1831–1997 Lars Sackleen 1831–1833 Gustaf Adolf Ramsay 1833–1854 Berndt Federley 1854–1855 Sten Knut Johan Furuhjelm 1855–1862 Samuel Henrik Antell 1862–1866 Johan August von Essen 1866–1873 Carl Gustaf Mortimer von Kraemer 1873–1884 August Alexander Järnefelt 1884–1888Johan Fredrik Gustaf Aminoff 1888–1899 Henrik Åkerman 1899–1900 Edvard Gabriel Krogius 1900–1903 Martin Alexius Bergh (Martti Vuori) 1903–1905 Emil Wilhelm Stenius 1905–1911 Werner Nikolaus Tavaststjerna 1911–1913 Arthur Spåre 1913–1917 Albert von Hellens 1917–1918Gustaf Ignatius 1918–1940 Pekka Heikkinen 1940–1950Lauri Riikonen 1950–1960Erkki O. Mantere 1960–1966 Risto Hölttä 1966–1978 Kauko Hjerppe 1978–1993Olavi Martikainen 1993–1997
Province of Åland 1918–2009
Province of Petsamo 1921–1921
Province of Lapland 1938–2009
Province of Kymi 1945–1997 Arvo Manner 1945–1955 Artturi Ranta 1955–1964 Esko Peltonen 1965–1975 Erkki Huurtamo 1975–1984Matti Jaatinen 1984–1993Mauri Miettinen 1993–1997
Province of Central Finland 1960–1997
Province of Northern Karelia 1960–1997
Province of Southern Finland 1997–2009
Province of Western Finland 1997–2009 Heikki Koski 1997–2003 Rauno Saari 2003–2009
Province of Eastern Finland 1997–2009
Governors of Västernorrland County, Västerbotten County, Saint Petersburg Governorate and Vyborg Governorate Governors of Västernorrland County and Västerbotten County ruled in 1634–1809 also northern part of Finnish Lapland and eastern part of Torne Valley . Governors of Saint Petersburg Governorate and Vyborg Governorate ruled Old Finland (predecessor of Province of Viipuri ) in 1721–1812.
Västernorrland County 1634–1638 Stellan Otto von Mörner 1634–1638
Västerbotten County 1638–1809 Stellan Otto von Mörner 1638–1641 Frans Crusebjörn 1641–1653 Johan Graan 1653–1679 Jakob Fleming 1679 Hans Clerck 1680–1683 Hans Abraham Kruuse af Verchou 1683–1688 Reinhold Johan von Fersen 1688Gotthard Strijk 1688–1692 Arvid Horn 1692Gustaf Douglas 1692–1705Otto Wilhelm Löwen 1705–1712 Anders Erik Ramsay 1713–1717 Fredrik Magnus Cronberg 1717–1719Otto Reinhold Strömfelt 1719 Carl Paulin Lagerflycht 1719 Jacob Grundel 1719–1733 Gabriel Gabrielsson Gyllengrip 1733–1753 Olof Leijonstedt 1755–1759 Johan Funck 1759–1762 Martin Ehrensvan 1762–1765 Olof Malmerfelt 1765–1769 Carl Efraim Carpelan 1769 Magnus Adolf von Kothen 1769–1775 Georg Gustaf Wrangel 1775–1781 Carl Wilhelm Leijonstedt 1781–1782 Fredrik von Stenhagen 1782–1789 Johan Gustaf af Donner 1789–1795 Pehr Adam Stromberg 1795–1809
Saint Petersburg Governorate 1721–1744
Vyborg Governorate 1744–1812 Yury Nikitich Repnin 1744 Afanasey Isakov 1745–1752 (acting) Johann Christoph von Keyser 1752–1754 Afanasey Isakov 1754–1766 Nikolaus Hendrik von Engelhardt 1766–1778 Yevgeny Petrovich Kashkin 1779–1780 Pyotr Alekseyevich Stupishin 1780–1782 Wilhelm Heinrich von Engelhardt 1782–1785 Alexander Magnus von Peutling 1785–1785 Karl Johann von Günzel 1785–1793 Fyodor Pavlovich Shcherbatov 1793–1797 Karl Magnus von Rüdinger 1797–1799 Pyotr Vasilyevich Zheltuhin 1799–1799 Magnus Orraeus 1799–1804 Nikolay Fyodorovich Emin 1804–1808 Ivan Jakovlevich Bukharin 1808–1811 Johan Winter 1811–1812
See also
References ^ "New regional administration model abolishes provinces in 2010". Helsingin Sanomat International Edition . Sanoma Corporation. 31 December 2009. Retrieved 1 January 2010 .