Samuel Adolph Cashwan (1900–1988) was an American sculptor.
History
Born Samual Adolf Cashwan to Jewish parents in Cherkasy, Ukraine,[1] Cashwan's parents left Russia and emigrated to New York City in 1906. Cashwan began his art studies after the family moved to Detroit in 1916. His first exposure to art came from his art teacher, Katherine Conover at Detroit's Central High School. Cashwan then took art course at the John Wicker School of Art in Detroit and later at Detroit City College.
In 1918, Cashwan served in the US Army. He was discharged following the end of World War I and returned to New York City, where he continued with his art training at the Architectural League of New York. Cashwan then moved to Paris from 1923 to 1926 where he attended the École des Beaux-Arts under the sculptor Antoine Bourdelle. He returned to Detroit in 1927 and became an art instructor at the University of Michigan. Cashwan also served as the head of the sculpture department of the Detroit Society of Arts and Crafts until 1942. Cashwan was also employed by the Works Progress Administration (WPA) from 1936 until 1942 as the supervisor of its sculpture and ceramics program. He was to credit the income from these teaching positions to allow art to his own tastes rather than that of the art market.
During his time at the WPA, Cashwan created several sculptures for outside display at Michigan State University. At the Olin Health Center, he created bas-reliefs of the Greek gods Panacea and Hygeia. AT one of the University entrances, he created a sculpture of a man, a woman, a horse and several sheafs of wheat. These figures symbolized the university's beginnings as a school of agriculture.[2]
In January, 1942, Cashwan exhibited sculptural work at an opening of the Museum of Modern Art in New York City.[3]
Following the end of World War II, Cashwan was hired as a designer for General Motors, a position that he held until his retirement in 1965. He moved to North Carolina shortly thereafter, where he lived until his death in 1988.
Cashwan created two prominent sculptures at the 1966 Oldsmobile Administrative Building in Lansing, Michigan: Prometheus in the building's lobby and Open Cage at an important entrance. The Prometheus sculpture signified the spirit of research necessary to industrial progress, and Open Cage signified people working in groups.[4]
While Cashwan suggested that his work had been influenced by both Romanesque and Hindu sculpture, as his career progress his work developed along more and more abstract lines. By the late 1930s, his figural work had become very angular, stressing sharp lines and large volumes. His pieces created following World War II were even more abstract, his later ones having altogether abandoned figural reference.
Like many of the sculptors of his day Cashwan was endowed with both the skills and the opportunity to work with architects and create architectural sculpture. Buildings adorned by his hand can be found in both Lansing, Michigan and Detroit.
^Forten, Max (2014-03-20). "Samuel Cashwan; Legacy of the WPA". MSU Campus Archeology Program. Michigan State University. Archived from the original on 18 September 2015. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
^JEWELL, EDWARD ALDEN (January 21, 1942). "18 American Artists Display Work At Museum of Modern Art Opening". New York Times. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
^Wayne Mason. "Remembering Building 70" (PDF). The Rocket Review, May-June 2006.
^"S.004 Monument". www.detroithistorical.org. Archived from the original on 17 March 2005. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
^Elliott, Krystal (August 30, 2014). "Group working to restore statue of Lincoln Consolidated Schools' namesake". The Ypsilanti Courier. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
^"Claire, MI New Deal Art". Archived from the original on 2005-02-18. Retrieved 2005-07-23.
^"Willoughby D. Miller Memorial". www.plantext.bf.umich.edu. Archived from the original on 16 August 2005. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
Additional sources
Barrie, Bentley, Helms and Raspond, Artists in Michigan: 1900-1976, Wayne State University Press, Detroit 1989
Brunk, Colby, Jacobs et al., Arts and Crafts in Detroit 1906-1976: The Movement, The Society, The School, Detroit Institute of Arts, Detroit MI 1976
Colby, Joy Hakanson, Art and a City: A History of the Detroit Society of Arts and Crafts, Wayne State University Press, Detroit MI 1956
Doyle, Right Reverend John M., Saint Aloysius Church: The Old and the New, Centennial Publishing Company, Detroit 1930
