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List of mammals of Texas

Topographic map of Texas

This is a list of mammals of Texas. Mammals native to or immediately off the coast of the U.S. state of Texas are listed first. Introduced mammals, whether intentional or unintentional, are listed separately.

The varying geography of Texas, the second largest state, provides a large variety of habitats for mammals. The land varies from swamps, Piney Woods in the east, rocky hills and limestone karst in the central Hill Country of the Edwards Plateau, desert in the south and west, mountains in the far west (the Trans-Pecos), and grassland prairie in the north, also known as the Panhandle.[1][2][3] The state's many rivers, including the Rio Grande, the Colorado River, and the Trinity River, also provide diverse river habitats.[4][5] Its central position in the United States means that species found primarily in either the western or eastern reaches of the country often have their ranges meeting in the state. Additionally, its proximity to Mexico is such that many species found there and into Central America also range as far north as Texas.[1]

Texas recognizes three official mammals: the nine-banded armadillo, the Texas Longhorn, and the Mexican free-tailed bat. State law protects numerous species. The state also recognizes the Texas State Bison Herd at Caprock Canyons State Park since 2011,[6] the State Longhorn herd at multiple state parks since 1969,[7][6] and the State dog breed, Blue Lacy since 2005.[6]

The state mammals were all named by the legislature in 1995.[8]

List of species

Order Xenarthra

Dasypodidae

Dasypodidae is a family of armoured mammals found mainly in Latin America.[9]

Order Chiroptera

Phyllostomidae

Mormoopidae

Vespertilionidae

Molossidae

Order Carnivora

Canidae

Felidae

Procyonidae

Mephitidae

Mustelidae

Phocidae

Ursidae

Order Artiodactyla

Tayassuidae

Cervidae

Antilocapridae

Bovidae

Order Eulipotyphla

Soricidae

Talpidae

Order Sirenia

Trichechidae

Order Didelphimorphia

Didelphidae

Order Lagomorpha

Leporidae

Order Rodentia

Castoridae

Cricetidae

Erethizontidae

Geomyidae

Heteromyidae

Sciuridae

Order Cetacea

Balaenidae

Balaenopteridae

Kogiidae

Kogiidae is a family of whales.

Physeteridae

Physeteridae is a monotypic family of whales only containing the extant Physeter macrocephalus.

Ziphiidae

Delphinidae

Introduced/invasive mammals

Order Primates

Order Carnivora

Canidae (canids)

Order Artiodactyla

Suidae (pigs)

Cervidae (deer)

Bovidae (antelopes & sheep)

Order Rodentia

Muridae (Old World mice & rats)

Myocastoridae (Nutria)

See also

Notes and references

Notes

^ a: Conservation status at a world level of the species according to the IUCN Red List: Conservation status - IUCN Red List of Threatened Species:

 EX  - Extinct
 EW  - Extinct in the wild
 CR  - Critically endangered
 EN  - Endangered
 VU  - Vulnerable
 NT  - Near threatened
 LC  - Least concern
 DD  - Data deficient
 NE  - Not evaluated

Citations

  1. ^ a b c "Texas Ecoregions". Texas Parks & Wildlife Department. Archived from the original on November 5, 2020. Retrieved October 3, 2020.
  2. ^ "Native Habitats & Ecosystems". Audubon. 17 December 2015. Archived from the original on March 16, 2018. Retrieved October 3, 2020.
  3. ^ "Ecoregion Download Files by State - Region 6". Environmental Protection Agency. 9 March 2016. Archived from the original on July 25, 2020. Retrieved October 3, 2020.
  4. ^ "Texas River Guide". Texas Parks & Wildlife Department. Archived from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved October 3, 2020.
  5. ^ "Texas". National Wild and Scenic Rivers System. Archived from the original on October 2, 2018. Retrieved October 3, 2020.
  6. ^ a b c "Texas State Symbols". Texas State Library and Archives Commission. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  7. ^ "Legendary Longhorns". Texas Historical Commission. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  8. ^ "Learn About Texas State Symbols" (PDF). Texas Parks and Wildlife Publications. Texas Parks & Wildlife. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  9. ^ "Armadillo". Britannica. Archived from the original on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 16, 2020.
  10. ^ "Nine-Banded Armadillo". Texas Parks & Wildlife Department. Archived from the original on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv Schmidley, David. "The Mammals of Texas, Online Edition (7th Edition)". Texas Tech Natural Science Research Laboratory. University of Texas Press. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
  12. ^ "Ghost-faced Bat (Mormoops megalophylla)". Texas Parks & Wildlife Department. Archived from the original on October 14, 2020. Retrieved October 13, 2020.
  13. ^ "Pallid Bat (Antrozous pallidus)". Texas Parks & Wildlife Department. Archived from the original on October 17, 2020. Retrieved October 16, 2020.
  14. ^ "Velvety Free-tailed Bat". iNaturalist. 10 September 2023. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
  15. ^ Giordano, A.J. (2016). "Ecology and status of the jaguarundi Puma yagouaroundi: a synthesis of existing knowledge" (PDF). Mammal Review. 46 (1): 30–43. doi:10.1111/mam.12051.
  16. ^ Kays, R.W.; Wilson, D. E. (2002). Mammals of North America. Illustrated by Sandra Doyle, Nancy Halliday, Ron Klingner, Elizabeth McClelland, Consie Powell, Wendy Smith, Todd Zalewski, Diane Gibbons, Susan C. Morse, Jesse Guertin. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-07012-1.
  17. ^ "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 2023-08-10.
  18. ^ Procopio, Michael (February 2020). "North American River Otter at Abilene State Park". iNaturalist. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  19. ^ Meyer, John R. (December 2006). "The Last Texas Grizzly". Texas Parks & Wildlife. Archived from the original on August 10, 2020. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
  20. ^ "Mexican grizzly bear (extinct)". Bear Conversation. Archived from the original on December 27, 2019. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
  21. ^ NatureServe. 1989. Cervus elaphus merriami, Merriam's Elk. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Available https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.103499/Cervus_elaphus_merriami. Accessed 9 December 2021.
  22. ^ Texas Parks & Wlidlife. "Texas State Bison Herd" (PDF). Texas Parks and Wildlife. Retrieved July 7, 2021.
  23. ^ "Eastern Mole". Natural Science Research Laboratory. Texas Tech University. Archived from the original on October 19, 2020. Retrieved October 16, 2020.
  24. ^ Matson, J.; Woodman, N.; Castro-Arellano, I.; de Grammont, P.C. (2015). "Scalopus aquaticus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T41471A22319923.en. Retrieved 14 October 2022.
  25. ^ "West Indian Manatee". Natural Science Research Laboratory. Texas Tech University. Retrieved October 16, 2020.
  26. ^ "Texas (TX) United States". Observation.org. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
  27. ^ "Virginia Opossum (Didelphis virginiana)". Texas Parks & Wildlife Department. Archived from the original on October 17, 2020. Retrieved October 16, 2020.
  28. ^ a b Würsig, Bernd (27 June 2017). Habitats and Biota of the Gulf of Mexico: Before the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. New York, NY: Springer. pp. 1489–1587. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-3456-0_5. ISBN 978-1-4939-3456-0. S2CID 134821188. Archived from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
  29. ^ "Killer Whale". Natural Science Research Laboratory. Texas Tech University. Archived from the original on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 24, 2020.
  30. ^ Baker, Ed (5 August 2005). "The Legendary Snow Monkeys of Texas: A brief open season on monkeys resulted in protections for them in the Lone Star State". The Austin Chronicle. Archived from the original on 5 June 2011. Retrieved 3 May 2011.
  31. ^ Born Free USA: Primate Sanctuary: About the Sanctuary, 2003–2011, archived from the original on 20 April 2011, retrieved 3 May 2011
  32. ^ Potts, Allen (1912). Fox Hunting in America. Washington: The Carnahan Press. pp. 7, 38. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
  33. ^ "Introducing Mammals to Young Naturalists - Red Foxes". Texas Parks & Wildlife. Archived from the original on 23 October 2020. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
  34. ^ "Nutria". Natural Science Research Laboratory. Texas Tech University. Archived from the original on October 17, 2020. Retrieved October 17, 2020.

External links