Literary movements are a way to divide literature into categories of similar philosophical, topical, or aesthetic features, as opposed to divisions by genre or period. Like other categorizations, literary movements provide language for comparing and discussing literary works. These terms are helpful for curricula or anthologies.
Some of these movements (such as Dada and Beat) were defined by the members themselves, while other terms (for example, the metaphysical poets) emerged decades or centuries after the periods in question. Further, some movements are well defined and distinct, while others, like expressionism, are nebulous and overlap with other definitions. Because of these differences, literary movements are often a point of contention between scholars.
Table
This is a tablelist of modern literary movements: that is, movements after the Renaissance literature. Ordering is approximate, as there is considerable overlap. Notable authors ordering is predominantly by precedence.
See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Literary movements.
References
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- ^ Bleiberg, Germán; Ihrie, Maureen; Pérez, Janet, eds. (1993). "Culteranismo". Dictionary of the Literature of the Iberian Peninsula. Vol. A–K. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press. pp. 479–480. ISBN 0-313-28731-7.
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- ^ Michael Hemmingson (2008). The Dirty Realism Duo: Charles Bukowski and Raymond Carver on the Aesthetics of the Ugly. The Milford Series: Popular Writers of Today, 70. San Bernardino, Ca: The Borgo Press. ISBN 1-4344-0257-6.
- ^ Trentmann, F. (1994). Civilisation and its Discontents: English Neo-Romanticism and the Transformation of Anti-Modernism in Twentieth-Century Western Culture. London: Birkbeck College.
- ^ Desmarais, Jane (2013). Jane Ford; Kim Edwards Keates; Patricia Pulham (eds.). "Perfume Clouds: Olfaction, Memory, and Desire in Arthur Symon's London Nights (1895)". Economies of Desire at the Victorian Fin de Siècle: Libidinal Lives: 62–82.
- ^ Huneker, James (1909). Egoists, a Book of Supermen: Stendhal, Baudelaire, Flaubert, Anatole France, Huysmans, Barrès, Nietzsche, Blake, Ibsen, Stirner, and Ernest Hello. AMS Press. ISBN 0-404-10525-4 – via Kindle Edition.
- ^ "The Differences between Symbolism and Decadence". Oscar Wilde and the French Decadents. 2014-03-03. Retrieved 2017-01-23.
- ^ McMullen, Lorraine (1971). An Introduction to the Aesthetic Movement in English Literature. Ottawa, On: Bytown Press.
- ^ Burke, Doreen Bolger (1986). In Pursuit of Beauty: Americans and the Aesthetic Movement. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art; Rizzoli Pub. ISBN 0-87099-467-0.
- ^ Mendelssohn, Michèle (2007). Henry James, Oscar Wilde and Aesthetic Culture. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-2385-3.
- ^ a b "Symbolism". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 2023-02-21.
- ^ Conway Morris, Roderick The Elusive Symbolist movement article – International Herald Tribune, March 17, 2007.
- ^ Peterson, Ronald E. (1993). A History of Russian Symbolism. Amsterdam; Philadelphia, Pa: John Benjamins Pub. ISBN 90-272-1534-0.
- ^ Cuddon, J. A. (1998). C.E. Preston (ed.). A Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory (4th rev. ed.). Oxford: Blackwell. p. 515. ISBN 0-631-20271-4.
- ^ a b Murphy, Richard (1999). Theorizing the Avant-Garde: Modernism, Expressionism, and the Problem of Postmodernity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- ^ Gillies, Mary Ann (2007). Modernist Literature. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-2764-6.
- ^ Badawi, M. M. (1975). A Critical Introduction to Modern Arabic Poetry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 179–203. ISBN 0-521-20699-5.
- ^ Moreh, S. (1976). Modern Arabic Poetry 1800–1970: The Development of its Forms and Themes under the Influence of Western Literature. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 82–124. ISBN 90-04-04795-6.
- ^ Jayyusi, Salma Khadra (1977). Trends and Movements in Modern Arabic Poetry. Vol. 2. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 361–362. ISBN 90-04-04920-7.
- ^ Clough, Rosa Trillo (1942). Looking Back on Futurism. New York: Cocce Press. pp. 53–66. ISBN 978-1-258-53231-4.
- ^ Folejewski, Zbigniew (1980). Futurism and Its place in the development of Modern Poetry: A Comparative Study and Anthology. Ottawa: University of Ottawa Press.
- ^ White, John J. (1990). Literary Futurism: Aspects of the First Avant Garde. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- ^ Terras, Victor (1985). Handbook of Russian Literature. New Haven, Co: Yale University Press. p. 197. ISBN 0-300-04868-8.
- ^ Gourianova, Nina (2012). The Aesthetics of Anarchy: Art and Ideology in the Early Russian Avant-Garde. University of California Press. p. 17.
- ^ Markov, Vladimir (1968). Russian Futurism: a History. Berkeley; Los Angeles, Ca: University of California Press. p. 64.
- ^ Cuddon, J. A. (1998). C.E. Preston (ed.). A Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory (4th rev. ed.). Oxford: Blackwell. p. 7. ISBN 0-631-20271-4.
- ^ "Acmeist". Merriam Webster's Encyclopedia of Literature. Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster. 1995. p. 9. ISBN 0-87779-042-6.
- ^ Willhardt, Mark; Parker, Alan Michael, eds. (2001). Who's Who in Twentieth Century World Poetry. Who's Who Series. London: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9780203991992. ISBN 0-415-16355-2.
- ^ Wachtel, Michael (2004). The Cambridge Introduction to Russian Poetry. Cambridge Introductions to Literature. Cambridge University Press. p. 8. ISBN 0-521-00493-4.
- ^ Wang, David Der-wei, ed. (2017). A New Literary History of Modern China. Harvard, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-97887-4. pp. 242–270.
- ^ Fried, Michael (2018). What was Literary Impressionism?. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-98079-2.
- ^ Murphy, Richard (1999). Theorizing the Avant-Garde: Modernism, Expressionism, and the Problem of Postmodernity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 43.
- ^ Nilsson, N. (1970). The Russian imaginists. Ann Arbor: Almgvist and Wiksell.
- ^ "Jindyworobak movement". Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Retrieved 2018-08-13.
- ^ Smith, Ellen (1 May 2012). "Local Moderns: The Jindyworobak Movement and Australian Modernism". Australian Literary Studies. 27 (1): 1–17. doi:10.20314/als.927d4ae36b. ISSN 0004-9697.
- ^ Kasack, Wolfgang (1988) [1976]. Dictionary of Russian literature Since 1917. Translated by Maria Carlson and Jane T. Hedges. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-2310-5242-1.
- ^ Gifford (2010). "Anarchist Transformations of English Surrealism: The Villa Seurat Network". Journal of Modern Literature. 33 (4): 57–71. doi:10.2979/jml.2010.33.4.57. JSTOR 10.2979/jml.2010.33.4.57. S2CID 162319958..
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- ^ Cornwell, Neil (2006). The Absurd in Literature. New York, NY: Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-7409-7.
- ^ "French literature § Toward the nouveau roman". Britannica. Retrieved 2023-03-25.
- ^ Parthé, Kathleen F. (1992). Russian Village Prose: the Radiant Past. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-06889-5.
- ^ Rosenfeld, Alla; Dodge, Norton T., eds. (1995). Nonconformist Art: The Soviet Experience 1956–1986. London: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 0-500-23709-3.
- ^ Kahn, Andrew; Lipovetsky, Mark; Reyfman, Irina; Sandler, Stephanie (2018). A History of Russian Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199663941. pp. 554–557.
- ^ Moorcock, Michael. "Play with Feeling." New Worlds 129 (April 1963), pp. 123-27.
- ^ Obendorf, Hartmut (2009). Minimalism: designing simplicity. Dordrecht: Springer. ISBN 978-1-84882-371-6. OCLC 432702821.
- ^ Clark, Robert C. (2014). American literary minimalism. Tuscaloosa, Al. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-8173-8750-1. OCLC 901275325.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Greene 2012, "Poetry of England".
- ^ Mottram, Eric (1993). "The British Poetry Revival". In Hampson, Robert & Peter Barry (eds). New British poetries: The scope of the possible. Manchester University Press.
- ^ "A Brief Guide to Misty Poets". Poets.org. Archived from the original on 2010-04-12. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
- ^ Folkways, Smithsonian. "Say It Loud". Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2013-02-15.
- ^ a b Epstein, Mikhail; Genis, Alexander; Vladiv-Glover, Slobodanka (2016) [1999]. Russian Postmodernism: New Perspectives on Post-Soviet Culture. Translated by Slobodanka Vladiv-Glover (Rev. ed.). New York; Oxford: Berghahn Books. pp. 169–176. ISBN 978-1-78238-864-7.
- ^ Kahn et al. 2018, pp. 631–635, "Concrete and Conceptualist poetry".
- ^ Johnson, Kent; Ashby, Stephen M., eds. (1992). Third Wave: The New Russian Poetry. Introd. by Andrew Wachtel and Alexei Parshchikov. Afterword by Mikhail Epstein. Ann Arbor, Mi: University of Michigan Press. pp. 10, 53, 184. ISBN 0-472-06415-0.
- ^ Kahn et al. 2018, pp. 639–641, "Metarealism".
- ^ "New Formalism". Poetry Foundation. 2020-08-23. Retrieved 2023-03-26.
- ^ Fitzgerald, Jonathan D. (November 20, 2012). "Sincerity, Not Irony, Is Our Age's Ethos". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2016-03-24.
- ^ Williams, Iain (May 27, 2015). "(New) Sincerity in David Foster Wallace's "Octet"". Critique: Studies in Contemporary Fiction. 56 (3): 299–314. doi:10.1080/00111619.2014.899199. ISSN 0011-1619. S2CID 142547118.
- ^ Lipscombe, Becky (September 10, 2003). "Chick-lit becomes Hip Lit in Indonesia". BBC News. Retrieved 2023-03-21.
- ^ Drowning in Beauty: The Neo-Decadent Anthology, Snuggly Books, 2018
- ^ "Decadentismo, siglo XXI: fervor, actualidad y pastiche - El Mundo article". 13 November 2018.
- ^ Rodgers, Courtney (July 7, 2022). "Literary Movements You've Never Heard Of". Book Riot. Retrieved 2023-04-15.
- ^ "Scuola empatica: Genesi e sviluppo". 9 January 2021.
Main sources
- Baldick, Chris (2015). The Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms (Online Version) (4th ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-178323-4.
- Greene, Roland; et al., eds. (2012). The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics (4th rev. ed.). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-15491-6.
- Milne, Ira Mark (2009). Literary Movements for Students: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Literary Movements (2nd ed.). Detroit, MI: Gale. ISBN 978-1-4144-3719-4.