Belmont, Sutton

Area of the London Borough of Sutton

Human settlement in England

Belmont is a village in the London Borough of Sutton, in South London, England. It is located off the A217 road and near to Banstead Downs in Surrey. It is a suburban development situated 10.8 miles (17.4 km) south-southwest of Charing Cross.

The Chilterns art deco apartments, Brighton Road, in Belmont ward, just north of Belmont Village

History

Belmont did not exist until the late 19th century.^[2] Belmont railway station opened in May 1865 and was originally called 'California Station', named after the California Arms public house on the opposite side of Brighton Road which was built by John Gibbons in approximately 1858. The station was renamed 'Belmont' in 1875, and the name was attached to the village that emerged subsequently.^[2] The original pub was heavily damaged by German bombing in the Second World War. The new building, built on the site in 1955, was known as "The California" later changed to 'The Belmont', but in 2014, under new management, reverted to its original name of 'The California'.^[2] St. John's Church (C of E) stands in Queens Road, near the end of the small High Street ("Station Road").

Banstead Hospital and the emergence of Belmont

The village of Belmont strongly owed its development to the presence of Banstead Asylum.^[2] Although located in the parish of Banstead, the asylum was much closer to the village and railway station of Belmont than those of Banstead. The site is now occupied by HM Prison High Down.^[3]

Belmont Hospital and the South Metropolitan District School

Belmont Hospital was a psychiatric hospital. It closed and was demolished in the 1980s. The site is now occupied by the 'Belmont Heights' housing development, which is situated to the west of Brighton Road, to the north of Belmont village. Belmont Hospital opened after the Second World War. The premises had previously fulfilled a number of different institutional purposes.^[2] For example, during World War II it was used as an emergency hospital for military and civilian casualties, including psychiatric cases. The oldest buildings on the site, built in the early 1850s, had originally been a large Poor Law residential 'district' school belonging to the South Metropolitan Schools District. This institution catered for pauper children from several parishes in south-east London. Along with its nearby annex site, built in 1884 in Cotswold Road (formerly Banstead Road), this establishment closed in 1902. The premises at both sites were then acquired by the Metropolitan Asylums Board. Some of the buildings of the Cotswold Road site still exist.^[2]

Public institutions

• The Royal Marsden Hospital is a specialist cancer treatment hospital. It is a foundation trust, and operates facilities on two sites, including one in Belmont, Sutton. The original buildings on the site were first used as the Banstead Road branch of the South Metropolitan District School, which was a 'district' school for children of workhouse inmates in south London. In the 1890s, girls were kept at the Banstead Road site and boys were kept at a site in Brighton Road, which was built in 1851. The Brighton Road site later became Belmont workhouse and Belmont Psychiatric hospital, before being demolished in the 1980s. The Banstead Road site later became a sanatorium, before the southern half of the site was acquired by Royal Marsden in 1962.
• The Institute of Cancer Research is a public research institute and university located on two London sites and specialised in oncology.^[4] It was founded in 1909 as a research department of the Royal Marsden Hospital. It established its Belmont, Sutton campus site in 1956. It joined the University of London in 2003.^[5]
• Sutton Hospital

Green Space

Belmont Park

In addition to Belmont Park, Belmont contains two Local Nature Reserves.^[6]

• Cuddington Meadows is a Grade I Site of Borough Importance for Nature Conservation. The site was shown as two enclosures on the open Banstead Downs on an early nineteenth century map, and it was later part of Walnut Tree Farm, which became Cuddington Hospital in 1897. The hospital closed in 1984, and in the late 1990s the land was transferred to Sutton Council to be managed for nature conservation.^[7] It is mainly chalk grassland with some scrub. Its most important feature is a variety of unusual flowering plants, including greater knapweed, lady's bedstraw and field scabious.
• Belmont Pastures is a Grade II Site of Borough Importance for Nature Conservation. It is a long narrow triangle north of Belmont railway station. It is an old meadow which formerly belonged to Belmont Hospital.

Just to the south of the village is Banstead Downs, which extends for around a mile further south towards neighbouring Banstead, Surrey. Banstead Downs is a large Site of Special Scientific Interest, covering 430 acres (170 ha). Banstead Golf Course is on the northern slopes.

Economy

Station Road is the main commercial street of Belmont Village, containing a range of mainly independent shops and restaurants. It runs for about a quarter of a mile from Belmont Station in the east to St John's Church in the west. One mile to the north lies the larger economic centre of Sutton.

Nearest places

Belmont War Memorial, situated at the western end of Station Road opposite St John's Church

• Sutton to the north
• Cheam to the west
• Banstead, Surrey to the south
• Carshalton to the east

Transport

Belmont railway station is on the Sutton to Epsom Downs branchline and the London Victoria to Epsom Downs line. It is part of the Sutton & Mole Valley Line services of the Southern rail operating company, and is in London Travelcard Zone 5. TfL buses also run in this area.

Former residents

• David Bellamy (1933–2019), botanist, author and academic.
• Robin Hull (1905-1960), music critic
• James Hunt (1947–1993), World Formula One motor-racing champion 1976.
• Lord Judd (1935-2021) former director of Oxfam. As Frank Judd he was MP for constituencies in Portsmouth from 1966 to 1979.
• Don Lusher (1923–2006), trombonist and jazz band leader
• Lord Ritchie-Calder (1906–1982), journalist and environment expert
• Lionel Tertis (1876–1975), viola-player
• Barry Wordsworth (born in Cheam 1948), orchestral conductor – music director.

References

1. "Sutton Ward population 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Archived from the original on 21 October 2016. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
2. Sparkes, Roland (2009) Belmont: A Century Ago.
3. "Banstead Hospital". Lost Hospitals of London. Retrieved 27 May 2018.
4. "University of London: Colleges/Institutes". Lon.ac.uk. 29 March 2010. Archived from the original on 10 January 2010. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
5. "Annual Review 2009" (PDF). Institute of Cancer Research. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 November 2010. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
6. "Local Nature Reserves: Search results for Greater London". Natural England. Archived from the original on 27 September 2013.
7. "Cuddington Meadows LNR". London Borough of Sutton. Archived from the original on 23 December 2014. Retrieved 3 April 2014.

Further reading (local history)

• Belmont: A Century Ago by Roland Sparkes, published December 2009. Paperback. ISBN 978-0-9563424-0-9. [1]. This is first book dedicated to the history of the village. The introductory chapter provides a resume of Belmont's history and development in the Victorian era and the early 20th century.
• Articles by local historian Roland Sparkes for the Belmont Local History group (established 2009). E.g. Belmont: 1865 – A description of the Belmont area as it existed in 1865 [2]^{[permanent dead link]}, and Dr Carl Warburg, his Belmont laboratory, and his famous fever drug[3]^{[permanent dead link]}.
• Sutton Guardian newspaper – heritage page articles and features. [4]
• Sutton Scene (London Borough of Sutton's official newsletter), Oct/Nov 2009 edition. Feature on Belmont. [5]
• Two booklets have been produced about the history of Belmont's churches, both now out of print: (i) Splendid the Heritage: the story of Belmont and its Methodist Church (Craig, 1965); and (ii) A Village Church: the story of the first 75 years of St John’s with Belmont Methodists (Reed, 1992).
• The Brighton road; the classic highway to the south by Harper, Charles George, 1863-1943 [6] Page 159 refers to the position of Belmont on the road between London and Brighton and the 1796 marking of "Little Hell" on the maps.

External links

• Belmont Local History group, [7]
• Map of Belmont area, Streetmap website, Streetmap.co.uk [8]