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List of nuclear weapons tests of North Korea

North Korea has conducted six nuclear tests, in 2006, 2009, 2013, twice in 2016, and in 2017.

2km
1.2miles
South tunnel portal
South
West tunnel portal
West
East tunnel portal
East
North tunnel portal
North portal
Sep 2017
6
Sep 2016
5
Jan 2016
4
Feb 2013
3
May 2009
2
Oct 2006
1
  
Location of North Korea's nuclear tests[5][6]
1: 2006; 2: 2009; 3: 2013; 4: 2016-01; 5: 2016-09; 6: 2017;
V

Testing

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  1. ^ To convert the UT time into standard local, add the number of hours in parentheses to the UT time; for local daylight saving time, add one additional hour. If the result is earlier than 00:00, add 24 hours and subtract 1 from the day; if it is 24:00 or later, subtract 24 hours and add 1 to the day. North Korea changed from UTC+9 hours to UTC+8:30 hours on 15 August 2015. All historical time zone data are derived from here:
  2. ^ Estimated energy yield in tons, kilotons, and megatons. A ton of TNT equivalent is defined as 4.184 gigajoules (1 gigacalorie).
  3. ^ Radioactive emission to the atmosphere aside from prompt neutrons, where known. The measured species is only iodine-131 if mentioned, otherwise it is all species. No entry means unknown, probably none if underground and "all" if not; otherwise notation for whether measured on the site only or off the site, where known, and the measured amount of radioactivity released.
  4. ^ Location from seismic data, about 6.4 km west northwest Punggye-ri and locus of previous tests.

Summary

  1. ^ Includes all tests with potential for nuclear fission or fusion explosion, including combat use, singleton tests, salvo tests, zero yield fails, safety experiments, and bombs incapacitated by accidents but still intended to be fired. It does not include hydronuclear and subcritical tests, and misfires of a device which was subsequently fired successfully.
  2. ^ Number of tests which would have been in violation of the Partial Test Ban Treaty of 1963, such as atmospheric, space or underwater tests. Some "peaceful use" cratering tests which should have been violations were protested, and later quietly dropped.
  3. ^ "Small" refers to a value greater than zero but less than 0.5 kt.
  4. ^ Some yields are described like "< 20 kt"; such are scored at one half of the numeric amount, i.e., yield of 10k in this example. "Unknown yield" adds nothing to the total.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Panda, Ankit (6 September 2017). "US Intelligence: North Korea's Sixth Test Was a 140 Kiloton 'Advanced Nuclear' Device". The Diplomat. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
  2. ^ a b "North Korean nuke test put at 160 kilotons as Ishiba urges debate on deploying U.S. atomic bombs". The Japan Times. 5 September 2017. Archived from the original on 6 September 2017. Retrieved 7 September 2017.
  3. ^ "North Korea's Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Site: Satellite Imagery Shows Post-Test Effects and New Activity in Alternate Tunnel Portal Areas | 38 North: Informed Analysis of North Korea". 12 September 2017.
  4. ^ a b "The nuclear explosion in North Korea on 3 September 2017: A revised magnitude assessment". NORSAR. 12 September 2017. Archived from the original on 13 September 2017. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  5. ^ "Search Results". USGS.
  6. ^ "North Korea's Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Site: Analysis Reveals Its Potential for Additional Testing with Significantly Higher Yields". 38North. 10 March 2017.
  7. ^ "Time Zone Database". iana.com. Retrieved 8 March 2014.
  8. ^ USGS Earthquake Hazards Program (9 October 2006). "Magnitude 4.7–North Korea". USGS. Archived from the original on 27 April 2014. Retrieved 20 January 2014.
  9. ^ a b c Nordkorea: BGR registriert vermutlichen Kernwaffentest – BGR (In German), 12 Feb 2013
  10. ^ a b c d Nordkorea: BGR registriert vermutlichen Kernwaffentest – BGR, 6 Jan 2016
  11. ^ a b Kalinowski, Martin (25 May 2009). "Second nuclear test conducted by North Korea on 25 May 2009" (PDF). Arms Control Wonk. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 May 2009. Retrieved 20 January 2014.
  12. ^ USGS Earthquake Hazards Program (26 May 2009). "Magnitude 4.7–North Korea". USGS. Archived from the original on 28 May 2009. Retrieved 20 January 2014.
  13. ^ Davenport, Kelsey (March 2013). "North Korea Conducts Nuclear Test". Arms Control Association. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
  14. ^ "Chinese underground nuclear test North Korea reached an unprecedented precision measurement". 19 June 2013. Archived from the original on 21 October 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2013.
  15. ^ "North Korean carries out fourth nuclear test". The Guardian. 6 January 2016. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
  16. ^ "North Korea Tests Nuclear Device, Claims Successful Thermonuclear Detonation". The Diplomat. 6 January 2016. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
  17. ^ a b Nordkorea: BGR registriert vermutlichen Kernwaffentest – BGR (In German), 9 Sep 2016
  18. ^ "North Korea's January 6 2016 Nuclear Test Location and Yield: Seismic Results from USTC". 6 January 2016. Archived from the original on 10 May 2017. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
  19. ^ "M5.3 Explosion – 19km ENE of Sungjibaegam, North Korea". United States Geological Survey. 9 September 2016. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  20. ^ "North Korea nuclear test: Japan confirms huge quake caused by explosion". The Guardian. 9 September 2016.
  21. ^ North Korea conducts fifth and largest nuclear test – South Korea and Japan – Reuters, Sep 9, 2016 5:39am British Standard Time
  22. ^ The Latest: N. Korea Confirms 'Successful' Nuclear Test – Associated Press, 2016 Sep 9, 12:52 AM EDT
  23. ^ "North Korea has made a nuclear weapon small enough to fit on a missile. How worried should the world be?". Los Angeles Times. 9 August 2017. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
  24. ^ "North Korea's September 9 2016 Nuclear Test Location and Yield: Seismic Results from USTC". 10 September 2016. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 10 September 2016.
  25. ^ a b Michelle Ye Hee Lee (13 September 2017). "North Korea nuclear test may have been twice as strong as first thought". Washington Post. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  26. ^ "M 6.3 Explosion - 22km ENE of Sungjibaegam, North Korea".
  27. ^ a b "N. Korea's apparent sixth nuke test estimated to have yield of 100 kilotons: lawmaker".
  28. ^ a b "Large nuclear test in North Korea on 3 September 2017". Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 3 September 2017.
  29. ^ a b "BGR registers a presumed nuclear test in North Korea".
  30. ^ a b "Seismic Detective Weighs In on North Korea's Latest Nuclear Test". 5 September 2017.
  31. ^ Buckley, Chris (3 September 2017). "What's the Difference Between a Hydrogen Bomb and a Regular Atomic Bomb?". New York Times. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
  32. ^ "North Korea nuclear test: what we know so far". Guardian. 3 September 2017.
  33. ^ "The Latest: EU calls on U.N. to adopt further NK sanctions". New York Daily News. Associated Press. 3 September 2017. Retrieved 3 September 2017.
  34. ^ "North Korea tests most powerful nuclear bomb yet". ABC. CNN, Scripps National Desk. 3 September 2017. Retrieved 3 September 2017.
  35. ^ Wen, Philip (2 September 2017). "China Earthquake Administration detects 'suspected explosion' in North Korea". Reuters. Thomson Reuters. Retrieved 3 September 2017.
  36. ^ "North Korea's 3 September 2017 Nuclear Test Location and Yield: Seismic Results from USTC". Lianxing Wen's Geography. University of Science and Technology of China. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 4 September 2017.
  37. ^ "North Korea likely to have conducted another nuclear test — Japanese TV". TASS. Government of Russia. 3 September 2017. Retrieved 3 September 2017.
  38. ^ K M Sreejith; Ritesh Agrawal; A S Rajawat (January 2020). "Constraints on the location, depth and yield of the 2017 September 3 North Korean nuclear test from InSAR measurements and modelling". Geophysical Journal International. 220 (1). Oxford University Press: 345–351. doi:10.1093/gji/ggz451. Retrieved 15 November 2019.

Sources