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List of chief ministers of Maharashtra

The Chief Minister of Maharashtra (IAST: Mahārāṣṭrāce Mukhyamaṃtrī) is the head of the executive branch of the government of the Indian state of Maharashtra. Following elections to the Legislative Assembly, the governor invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government and appoints the chief minister. If the appointee is not a member of either the Legislative Assembly or the Legislative Council of Maharashtra, then the Constitution stipulates that they need to be elected within six months of being sworn in.[2] The office of the CM is coterminous with the concurrent Assembly provided the CM commands confidence in the house and hence does not exceed five years. However, it is subject to no term limits.[1]

Maharashtra was formed by dissolution of Bombay State and Hyderabad State on 1 May 1960.[3] Yashwantrao Chavan, who was serving as the third CM of Bombay State since 1956, became the first CM of Maharashtra. He belonged to the Indian National Congress and held the office until the 1962 Assembly elections. Marotrao Kannamwar succeeded him and was the only CM to die while in office.[4][5] Vasantrao Naik, who was in office from December 1963 to February 1975 for more than 11 years, has by far been the longest serving CM. He also was the first and only CM to complete his full term of five years (1967-1972) till Devendra Fadnavis matched it (2014-2019). With the exceptions of Manohar Joshi (SS), Narayan Rane (SS), Devendra Fadnavis (BJP), Uddhav Thackeray (SS) and Eknath Shinde (SS), all other CMs have been from the Congress or its breakaway parties.[6][7][8]

So far, President's rule has been imposed thrice in the state: first from February to June 1980 and again from September to October 2014. It was again imposed on 12 November 2019.[9][10]

The current incumbent is Eknath Shinde of the Shiv Sena since 30 June 2022.[11]

Precursors

Key

Colour key for political parties

  Indian National Congress
  Indian National Congress (Urs)
  Indian Congress (Socialist)
  Shiv Sena
  Bharatiya Janata Party
  N/A (President's rule)

Prime Ministers of Bombay (1937–50)[a]

Chief Ministers of Bombay State (1947–60)

Chief Ministers of Maharashtra

Statistics


Timeline

Eknath ShindeUddhav ThackerayDevendra FadnavisPrithviraj ChavanAshok ChavanSushilkumar ShindeVilasrao DeshmukhNarayan RaneManohar JoshiSudhakarrao NaikShivajirao Patil NilangekarBabasaheb BhosaleAbdul Rehman AntulaySharad PawarVasantrao PatilShankarrao ChavanVasantrao NaikP. K. SawantMarotrao KannamwarYashwantrao Chavan

See also

Notes

  1. ^ After India's Independence, Bombay State was created and its territory underwent constant change in the following years. It comprised Bombay Presidency (roughly equating to the present-day Indian state of Maharashtra, excluding South Maharashtra and Vidarbha), the princely states of the Baroda, Western India and Gujarat (the present-day Indian state of Gujarat) and Deccan States (which included parts of the present-day Indian states of Maharashtra and Karnataka).[12]
  2. ^ A parenthetical number indicates that the incumbent has previously held office.
  3. ^ A parenthetical number indicates that the incumbent has previously held office.
  4. ^ States Reorganisation Act, 1956: Bombay State was enlarged by the addition of Saurashtra State and Kutch State, the Marathi-speaking districts of Nagpur Division of Madhya Pradesh and Marathwada region of Hyderabad State. The southernmost districts of the Bombay Presidency were transferred to Mysore State.[16]
  5. ^ Bombay state was dissolved to form the present-day states of Maharashtra and Gujarat by the Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960, which was enacted by the Parliament of India on 25 April 1960 and came into effect on 1 May 1960.[3]
  6. ^ a b c Under Article 356 of the Constitution of India, in the event that a state government is unable to function according to constitutional provisions, the Central government can take direct control of the state machinery through the Governor. When President's rule is in force in a state, its council of ministers stands dissolved. The office of chief minister thus lies vacant. At times, the legislative assembly also stands dissolved.[19]
  7. ^ Fadnavis sworn in as CM on 23 November 2019 at 8:00 am and resigned on 26 November 2019 at 4:00 pm making him the CM with shortest tenure ever in the history of India.[28][29] Before him, Jagdambika Pal had the shortest tenure as chief minister. He was the CM of Uttar Pradesh for 44 hours from 21 to 23 February 1998 and both Fadnavis and Pal were from BJP.[30] P. K. Sawant from INC was the CM with shortest term before Fadnavis for Maharastra; became CM on 25 November 1963 and his tenure ended on 4 December 1963.[31]

References

  1. ^ a b Durga Das Basu. Introduction to the Constitution of India. 1960. 20th Edition, 2011 Reprint. pp. 241, 245. LexisNexis Butterworths Wadhwa Nagpur. ISBN 978-81-8038-559-9. Note: although the text talks about Indian state governments in general, it applies for the specific case of Maharashtra as well.
  2. ^ "Chavan elected to Legislative Council". @businessline. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
  3. ^ a b "The Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960" (PDF). India Code - Digital Repository of Legislation. 25 April 1960. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 May 2018.
  4. ^ "Before Jayalalithaa, 16 chief ministers who died in office". The Indian Express. 7 December 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
  5. ^ "Jayalalithaa is dead: Here are other chief ministers who died while still in office - Firstpost". firstpost.com. 7 December 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
  6. ^ "Down but not out". The Telegraph India. 10 July 2011. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014.
  7. ^ Palshikar, Suhas; Birmal, Nitin; Ghotale, Vivek (2010). "Coalitions in Maharashtra Political fragmentation or Social Reconfiguration?" (PDF). Savitribai Phule Pune University.
  8. ^ "Indira Gandhi installed as president of break-away faction of Congress Party". India Today. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
  9. ^ "Use of President's Rule peaked on February 17, 1980: Some facts". India Today. 17 February 2016. Retrieved 1 March 2018.
  10. ^ "President's rule: 'Unprecedented but logical'". @businessline. Retrieved 1 March 2018.
  11. ^ "Maharashtra Political Crisis LIVE Updates: Eknath Shinde to be the next CM of Maharashtra, says Devendra Fadnavis". The Times of India. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
  12. ^ Desai, S. H. (1972). A critical study of the development of secondary education for girls in Gujarat its history and present day problems (PhD Thesis). Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda: Shodhganga : a reservoir of Indian theses @ INFLIBNET. pp. 411–420. hdl:10603/57937.
  13. ^ a b Bombay 1937-1938: A Review of the Administration of the Bombay Presidency. Mumbai: Government Central Press, Bombay. 1939. pp. 160–161.
  14. ^ "Chief Ministers (1937 to 2019)" (PDF). Maharashtra Legislature (in Marathi). Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  15. ^ "Forgotten fact: Most Mumbaiites are breaking the law when they grab a drink".
  16. ^ "The States Reorganisation Act, 1956" (PDF). India Code - Digital Repository of Legislations. 31 August 1956. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 May 2018.
  17. ^ "Explained: How Gujarat, Maharashtra came into being". The Indian Express. 1 May 2019. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
  18. ^ Palshikar, Suhas; Birmal, Nitin; Ghotale, Vivek (2010). "Coalitions in Maharashtra Political fragmentation or Social Reconfiguration?" (PDF). Savitribai Phule Pune University.
  19. ^ Amberish K. Diwanji. "A dummy's guide to President's rule". Rediff.com. 15 March 2005. Retrieved 3 March 2013.
  20. ^ "Information sought under RTI Act, 2005" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs (Government of India). 27 June 2014. p. 7 of 14. Retrieved 23 May 2018.
  21. ^ "Proclamation of President's Rule" (PDF). Government of Maharashtra. 28 September 2014. Retrieved 23 May 2018.
  22. ^ "Proclamation to revoke President's rule" (PDF). Government of Maharashtra. 30 October 2014. Retrieved 23 May 2018.
  23. ^ The Hindu Net Desk (8 November 2019). "Devendra Fadnavis resigns, blames Shiv Sena for Maharashtra crisis". The Hindu.
  24. ^ "President's Rule imposed in Maharashtra, what now? - A first in Maha history". The Economic Times.
  25. ^ "President's Rule Revoked in Maharashtra at 5:47 am". NDTV.com.
  26. ^ "Devendra Fadnavis first Maharashtra CM to resign twice in one-month period". The Indian Express. 27 October 2019. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  27. ^ "Devendra Fadnavis, Maharashtra Chief Minister For 80 Hours, Quits". NDTV. 26 November 2019. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
  28. ^ "Why Was Devendra Fadnavis Maharashtra CM For Just 80 Hours? BJP MP Answers". HuffPost. 2 December 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
  29. ^ "After 80 hours as Maharashtra CM, Fadnavis submits resignation to governor". Live Mint. 26 November 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
  30. ^ "Only 80 hrs: Devendra Fadnavis becomes Maharashtra CM with shortest tenure ever". India Today. 26 November 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
  31. ^ "Maharashtra: Only 80 hours – Fadnavis now CM for shortest tenure in state history". The Indian Express. 27 November 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
  32. ^ "Maharashtra Political Crisis Live Updates: Eknath Shinde to be new Maharashtra CM, Fadnavis to stay out of govt". The Indian Express. 30 June 2022. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
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