According to media reports, the name of the prison remains "Her Majesty's Penitentiary" as of September 2023, notwithstanding the death of Queen Elizabeth II and accession of King Charles III the previous year.[2][3][4]
The Victorian-era structure is among the oldest operating prisons in Canada and has been criticized for its conditions including rat infestation and mold. Construction of a new facility to replace it was announced in 2019 but the commencement of construction has been continually delayed.[5] Most recently, construction was to begin in the spring of 2023 and was to be completed within three years.[6]
HMP St. John's is the largest prison in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, by size and inmate population. Originally constructed in 1859, it houses primarily male offenders and has a capacity of 175 inmates. It is believed to be the oldest prison currently operating in Canada[7] since the closure of Ontario's Kingston Penitentiary, in September 2013.[8] Located in the Eastern district of St. John's, it is commonly referred to by locals as, Her Majesty's Hotel, or The Inn by the Lake,[9] due to its proximity to Quidi Vidi Lake, which hosts North America's oldest annual sporting event, the Royal St. John's Regatta.
Despite its age, HMP St. John's, has undergone extensive renovations and additions, that provide inmates with modern cells, common areas and amenities.[10] The province is responsible for the operation and administration of Newfoundland and Labrador's correctional service under the Department of Justice and Public Safety.
Notable escapes
On December 12, 1964, four inmates escaped from HMP St. John's, by scaling a wall. The four prisoners stole a car and made their way to Whitbourne, Newfoundland and Labrador, where they encountered RCMP Constable Robert Westen Amey.[11] The 24 year-old mountie, attempted to arrest one of the four escapees, Melvin Young, who shot and killed Amey.[12] Cst. Amey, was the second RCMP officer to be killed in the line of duty in the province.[13]
On August 3, 2000, Richard Ryan became the subject of a Canada wide man-hunt[14] after escaping from a Newfoundland and Labrador correctional officer, who was escorting Ryan to visit his sick mother. Described by police as a sexual sadist,[15] Ryan eluded capture for 25 days,[16] before being located in a makeshift camp in a wooded area near Long Harbour, Newfoundland and Labrador.[17]
Notable inmates
Father James Hickey, a former Roman Catholic priest, who was convicted of multiple sex crimes against children in Newfoundland and Labrador. Hickey was the first of numerous Roman Catholic priests and brothers, who were convicted of sex crimes in relation to a sex abuse scandal that rocked the province, and gained international infamy.[18][19] While briefly held in HMP, Hickey would go on to serve the remainder of his sentence in Dorchester Penitentiary, New Brunswick, were he died in 1992.[20]Michael Harris, a well-known journalist and former editor of Newfoundland and Labrador's now defunct Sunday Express, which was largely credited for breaking the scandal,[21] would go on the publish a best selling book regarding the Mount Cashel sex abuse scandal.[22]
Paul Watson is an internationally known conservationist and founder of the Sea Shephard Conservation Society. In 1980, Watson was sentenced to ten days in prison for assaulting a fisheries officer, while attempting to disrupt the Newfoundland and Labrador seal hunt.[23] Watson served his sentence at HMP St. John's.[24]
Vito Rizzuto, also known as Teflon Don, was a Mafia boss, and head of the notorious Rizzuto crime family, based in Montreal, Quebec. in UB1987, Rizzuto was arrested following a drug bust in Trinity Bay, in an abandoned community called Ireland's Eye, where 225 million dollars of hashish was seized by RCMP.[25] Rizzuto was remanded into HMP St. John's,[26] before being released after a supreme court judge ruled that the RCMP had overstepped its surveillance efforts by wiretapping a meeting between Rizzuto and his attorney.[27]
Brian O'Dea is a former international drug smuggler who gained notoriety when he placed an advertisement in Canada's National Post seeking a job. The advertisement was titled "Former Marijuana Smuggler" and read: "Having successfully completed a 10-year sentence, incident free, for importing seventy-five tons of marijuana into the United States, I am now seeking a legal and legitimate means to support myself and my family. Business experience: Owned and operated a successful fishing business -- multi-vessel, one airplane, one island and processing facility. Simultaneously owned and operated a fleet of tractor-trailer trucks conducting business in the western United States. ... I also participated in the executive level management of 120 people worldwide in a successful pot-smuggling venture with revenues in excess of $100-million US annually."[28] O'Dea, served prison time in California, Springhill Institution, NS, and HMP St. John's.[29]
Leo Puddester, was a former correctional officer and union leader when he was sentenced to four months in prison for defying a court order in relation to a wildcat strike he led in 1999.[30] Puddister served his sentence at HMP St. John's, under the guard of the correctional officers he represented in labor relations with the Newfoundland and Labrador government. Puddester would go on to lead the province's largest public sector union, the Newfoundland and Labrador Association of Public and Private Employees (NAPE). In 2004, Puddester led the province's then twenty-thousand public sector workers on strike, leading to several public feuds with Newfoundland and Labrador's then premier, Danny Williams.[31]
Shirley Turner, a former medical doctor who was accused of killing her former boyfriend Andrew Bagby, in Keystone State Park, Pennsylvania, US.[32] After Bagby's body was discovered, Turner fled to her home province of Newfoundland and Labrador, initiating a prolonged extradition process by US authorities. Turner, who was pregnant with Bagby's child, later gave birth to Zachary Bagby, which initiated a child custody battle between Turner and Andrew Bagby's parents, David and Kathleen Bagby. Released from prison on appeal of her extradition hearing,[33] Turner murdered Zachery and then took her own life. David and Kathleen Bagby, along with their supporters were highly critical of the court process that lead to Turner being released from prison, and her ability to maintain custody of Zachary.[34] Their activism and fight for justice led to the passage of Bill C-464, also known as Zachary's Bill, strengthening the conditions for bail in Canadian courts in cases involving the well-being of children.[35] In 2008, Kurt Kuenne, a documentary filmmaker, and childhood friend of the Bagby family produced an award winning film based on the murders of Andrew and Zachary, called Dear Zachary: A Letter to a Son About His Father. David Bagby would go on to author a book detailing the events, and his family's struggles with the Newfoundland and Labrador justice system.[36]
Leo Crockwell, was a 55 year-old Newfoundland and Labrador man when charged with five counts of attempted murder by the RCMP,[37] after holding RCMP at bay for more than a week in a well-publicized police stand-off at a Bay Bulls home in 2010.[38] Crockwell was able to escape the home, undetected, despite heavily armed mounties covering the perimeter of the house. Crockwell was arrested by the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary after hitching a ride to St. John's, where he told the driver of the vehicle he was travelling in, who he was. The incident was highly publicized and was a major embarrassment for the national police force.[39] The Crockwell stand-off cost the RCMP just under half a million dollars,[40] and its failure was the subject of an internal RCMP investigation,[41] a book that outlined the events[42] and the event itself remains public fodder in local lore. Crockwell was ultimately sentenced to four years in prison, which was served at HMP St. John's.[43]
Nelson Hart, was charged with two counts of first degree murder in June 2005, for the drowning deaths of his twin daughters in 2004, and was convicted in March 2007. In September 2014, an appeal court granted Hart a new trial. In July of that same year, the Supreme Court of Canada ruled that evidence obtained against Hart in a RCMP led "Mr. Big", operation was inadmissible. After the ruling, prosecutors declined to seek a retrial, and Hart was released from prison after serving nine years.[44] The Supreme Court ruling led to stricter and more defined rules in the use of Mr. Big sting operations.[45] Hart served his sentence partly in Newfoundland and Labrador's prison system.[46] In 2015, journalist Colleen Lewis published a book in relation to the ordeal.[47]
Sean Buckingham, was a medical doctor with a well-established practice in downtown St. John's. In May 2005, Buckingham was arrested for a variety of criminal offences, in relation to providing prescription drugs, primarily Oxycontin, to drug addicted patients in exchange for services such as sex. In 2008, Buckingham was sentenced to seven years in prison, serving his sentence at HMP.[48]
Ed Byrne is a former politician and member of the House of Assembly for Newfoundland and Labrador. Byrne, who once led the provincial Progressive Conservative Party of Newfoundland and Labrador, was sentenced to a two-year prison sentence for fraud related crimes in connection with a constituency spending scandal.[49] Byrne served his prison sentence in Newfoundland and Labrador's prison system.[50]
Wally Andersen is a former politician and member of the House of Assembly. A member of the Liberal Party of Newfoundland and Labrador, Anderson was sentenced to 15 months in prison for forgery and breach of trust, in relation to the constituency spending scandal.[51] Anderson served his sentence in Newfoundland and Labrador's prison system, and later returned to politics, winning the mayor's seat of Happy Valley-Goose Bay, in 2018.[52]
Randy Collins is a former politician and member of the House of Assembly. Collins, who was a member of the Newfoundland and Labrador New Democratic Party, was sentenced to 21 months in prison for fraud related charges in relation to the constituency spending scandal.[53] Collins served his prison sentence in Newfoundland and Labrador's prison system.
Jim Walsh is a former politician and member of the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly. Walsh, who was a member of the Newfoundland and Labrador Liberal Party was sentenced to 22 months in prison for fraud and breach of trust, in relation to the constituency spending scandal.[54] Walsh served his sentence in Newfoundland and Labrador's prison system.
Brandon Phillips was a 27 year-old Newfoundland and Labrador man in October 2015, when he entered a St. John's hotel,[55] and shot and killed Larry Wellman,[56] a former firefighter in a botched robbery, which set the capital city of the province on edge as police hunted for a killer.[57] Phillips was arrested eight days after the shooting following the release of a photograph of Phillips taken from the hotel's security camera, which showed him entering the hotel with his face covered and a shotgun in hand.[58] The arrest of Phillips would become a political hot potato for Newfoundland and Labrador Liberal party leader Dwight Ball, who was, at the time of the Wellman murder, poised to become NL's next premier. As the Wellman murder made its way through the court system, details of the case emerged, which included Phillips wearing Ball's coat when he committed the murder. Phillips had been in a romantic relationship with Ball's daughter, and was identified in the widely circulated suspect photograph, in part, due to Ball informing the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary that the murder suspect had been wearing a coat that was similar to one that had gone missing from his home. Court documents would later reveal that Phillips owed a large drug debt, and a St. John's drug dealer had been harassing the politician for payment. It was revealed that Ball had paid thousands of dollars[59] to appease debts incurred by Phillips in an effort to keep his daughter safe.[60] An emotional Premier detailed the ordeal to the CBC in December 2017.[61] Brandon Phillips was sentenced to life in prison for the second-degree murder of Mr. Wellman, and served a portion of his sentence at HMP St. John's, before being transferred to a federal prison.[62]
Constable Douglas Snelgrove is a police officer and current member of the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary, who was convicted of sexual assault in 2021.[63] In 2015, Snelgrove was arrested[64] after driving a female home while on duty, using a marked police vehicle. Snelgrove sexually assaulted the female in her residence, and after a prolonged court process that involved three trials;[65] he was sentenced to four years in prison,[66] serving a small portion of that sentence in Newfoundland and Labrador's prison system, before being released pending an appeal.[67] In April 2023, various Newfoundland and Labrador media outlets reported that Snelgrove's appeal to the province's supreme court was dismissed, paving the way for his return to prison.[68]
Gregory Parsons (wrongfully convicted) is a Newfoundland and Labrador born firefighter, currently serving as a lieutenant in the St. John's Regional Fire Department. At just 19 years of age, Parsons' mother Catherine Carroll was murdered in St. John's, by his long-time friend Brian Doyle. Days after the murder, Parsons was arrested and charged with second-degree murder by the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary. In 1994, Parsons was wrongfully convicted in relation to his mother's murder and sentenced to 15 years in prison.[69] He served a portion of that sentence at HMP St. John's, before being released on appeal, and a new trial was ordered, however, Parsons was exonerated based on DNA evidence, before a new trial could commence; and his mother's real killer, Brian Doyle was arrested and charged with her murder. Doyle plead guilty to the Murder of Catherine Carroll, and was sentenced to 18 years in prison. The wrongful conviction of Parsons led to the Lamer inquiry,[70] and the RNC police officer, who led the original investigation into Carroll's murder, and the subsequent prosecution of Parsons was later promoted to the deputy chief of the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary, leading to harsh criticism from Parsons and his supporters.[71][72] Parsons continues to advocate for the wrongfully convicted, and other justice reforms.[73][74] Parsons received the St. John's firefighter of the year award in 2021,[75] and is a well-known figure in the province for his ordeal.
Executions: Her Majesty's Penitentiary
July 1, 1892, Patrick Geehan[76]
July 8, 1889, William Parnell[76]
July 29, 1899, Francis Canning[76]
December 16, 1922, Wo Fen Gen[76]
May 22, 1942, Herbert Augustus Spratt[76]
Notable events and controversies: circa 2000-present day
In August 2000, the Newfoundland and Labrador Justice Department announced disciplinary measures on both managers and correctional officers at HMP, after the fallout from the Richard Ryan escape.[77] The department initiated an internal investigation of the high-profile escape, and determined that complacency and a repeated failure to follow well-established policy and procedures contributed significantly in Ryan's ability to escape lawful custody.[78] Fourteen correctional staff received varying degrees of discipline, and the escape led to the resignation of the Assistant Superintendent of HMP St. John's. Newfoundland Labrador's Justice Minister would go on to appoint John Scoville, the province's chief probation officer to helm Newfoundland and Labrador's prison system.[79]
In March 2004, the government of Newfoundland and Labrador announced the closing of the Salmonier Correctional Institute, a minimum security prison farm, located on the outskirts of St. John's.[80]
On June 13, 2003, August Zarpa, an Inuk inmate at the Labrador Correctional Centre, committed suicide leading to a judicial inquiry. Zarpa was confined to his cell for four days following a disciplinary matter, and died of asphyxia from hanging. His death led to policy changes in the institution where an inmate could not be confined to their cell for anymore than 24 hours pending a disciplinary hearing, and the addition of having a psychiatrist visit the prison on a monthly basis.[81]
In 2006, Carol Ikkusek, a 26 year old Inuk woman was brought into police custody in Happy Valley-Goose Bay. Ikkusek, who was originally being brought to hospital, was placed in RCMP cells, due to the hospital not having a secure room to treat her. Before being placed in a holding cell, Ikkusek was stripped naked, and left for two days. The incident sparked public outcry,[82] and an apology from police in Labrador.[83] Although, not in HMP custody, the incident was cited by Newfoundland and Labrador's Justice Minister, Jerome Kennedy as one of the reasons for prompting a review of the province's prison system in 2008.[84]
In February 2008, hours before his trial was set to begin, Brian Fagan died in HMP custody, and his death was ruled a suicide. Newfoundland and Labrador's Justice Minister, Jerome Kennedy told reporters in the days following the death, that there was no indication that Fagan was in a worried state of mind or agitated state of mind.[85] St. John's Lawyer, Peter Ralph, said HMP is no place for anyone who is mentally ill, at the time of Fagan's death.[86]
In March 2008, Austin Alyward died at HMP St. John's. Foul play was ruled out, however a cause of death could not be immediately determined.[87] Alyward's family said he suffered from Bi-Polar disorder and depression and should not have been housed at HMP, but rather a hospital. In 2009, a retired provincial justice was called upon to probe Alyward's death.[88] The subsequent report was never made public, however, Austin Alyward Sr., the father of the deceased called the report into his son's death a "sham",[89]
On March 25, 2008, Christopher Mahon, who was in HMP custody at the St. John's City Lock-up appeared in court visibly bruised and beaten. "The police and the correctional officers did this to me", Mahon told news reporters outside the courtroom.[90] Following his court appearance, two Newfoundland and Labrador correctional officers were suspended and later charged with assault. HMP officer Mike Hanlon was acquitted of the charge(s),[91][92] while HMP officer Wayne Carrigan was convicted and sentenced to 14 days in jail.[93]
On April 18, 2008, Newfoundland and Labrador's Justice Minister, Jerome Kennedy, ordered an independent review of the province's prison system after touring HMP St. John's and describing the living conditions in the prison as "appalling". Kennedy tasked two out of province prison officials with extensive expertise in prison management to conduct the review, and promised sweeping changes to the province's prison system.[94]
On October 1, 2008, the Newfoundland and Labrador Justice Department removed John Scoville from his position as Superintendent of Prisons, following the release of the Decades of Darkness: Moving Towards the Light, prison report commissioned by Jerome Kennedy, earlier in the year,[95] and promised more changes were coming.[96]
On October 2, 2008, the Newfoundland and Labrador Justice Department removed Mary Alyward, as the Assistant Superintendent of HMP St. John's, following the release of the Decades of Darkness: Moving Towards the Light prison report, the day following the termination of Superintendent Scoville.[97]
On December 8, 2008, a heavily redacted version of the Decades of Darkness: Moving Towards the Light, prison report was publicly released.[84]
On December 9, 2008, CBC News reported directly on several of the redacted segments of the report, noting that when the government posted the report online, "the redacted sections could be read by users with basic computer tools."[98] The report was highly critical of Newfoundland and Labrador's prison system, noting deplorable, unsanitary and unsafe working conditions, security issues, poor management, poor staff morale, and a lack of basic services for inmates Including: little to no programming, and a virtually non-existent approach to overall inmate well-being. The report presented 77 recommendations to the provincial government, all of which, the government and new Minister of Justice and Attorney General for Newfoundland and Labrador, Tom Marshall said government were committed to implementing.[98]
In April 2009, Dane Spurrell, an 18-year-old man with autism was walking down a street in Mount Pearl, when confronted by police. Mistaking Spurrell's autism for public intoxication, police handcuffed Spurrell, and brought him to the St. John's Lock-up placing him in HMP custody.[99] Still under the guardianship of his mother; Diane Spurrell became frantic when her son did not return home from his walk. Ms. Spurrell called 911 to report her son missing only to learn that he had been detained at HMP's St. John's City Lock-up. The Spurrell's filed a complaint with the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary's Public Complaints Commission,[100] and both the RNC and HMP were highly criticized regarding the incident, which led to an apology from both the Superintendent of Prison's, and the Chief of the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary.[101]
In 2009, The Office of the Citizen's Representative (NL's ombudsmen) began an investigation into the prescribing methods of HMP prison psychiatrist David Craig, after receiving numerous complaints from inmates regarding Craig suspending their medications once incarcerated.[102]
In February 2010, a correctional officer was charged with drug trafficking and breach of trust, after he was caught attempting to smuggle drugs and various contraband into HMP St. John's, in a police sting, dubbed Operation Safeguard.[103]
In September 2010, two violent inmates escaped from the West Coast Correctional Centre,[104] securing their way to freedom by kicking out a window secured with plywood. An embarrassed Justice Minister admitted to reporters that the Justice Department thought all windows in the prison were secured and reinforced, when they in fact had not been.[105][106]
In December 2010, Newfoundland and Labrador's Justice Minister stated he is not giving up on a campaign to persuade Ottawa to help replace HMP St. John's.[107]
In 2011, The Office of the Citizen's Representative concluded his review of Psychiatric services at HMP, the Citizen's Representative recommended the termination of Craig's contract with the Department of Justice.[108] The Department refused to alter the contract it had in place with Craig,[109] and instead opted for a peer review of Craig's prescribing practices.[110]
In November 2011, an inmate at Newfoundland and Labrador's West Coast Correctional Centre, escaped by scaling a fence during routine recreation.[111] It was the third prison escape from the Stephenville prison, since the provincial government had spent over $400,000 in security upgrades stemming from the Decades of Darkness prison report.[112]
In 2012, the Citizen's Representative for Newfoundland and Labrador, renewed his call for the removal of Craig, citing repeated complaints from the inmate population,[113] including a St. John's woman who asked the court for a stiffer prison sentence, (federal prison sentence) so that she could avoid being a patient of Craig.[114]
In November 2012, A peer review found that psychiatrist David Craig was meeting the standard of care in the psychiatric services he provides to inmates in N.L.[115]
On February 20, 2013, an unidentified person targeted HMP St. John's, by throwing a Molotov cocktail towards the prison, sparking a brief fire and damaging several staff vehicles.[116]
In August 2013, police were called to HMP St. John's to help control what authorities described as a "small riot", at the prison.[117] In March 2014, details of the riot began to emerge through court proceedings, and it was revealed that, during the riot inmates took control of a cell block and threatened to kill hostages and prison guards, threatening to cut their throat(s) or decapitate hostages should police intervene. After a tense stand-off, the inmates traded a fellow inmate that was being held hostage in exchange for two cigarettes, before police brought the matter under control.[118] Six inmates were charged in relation to the riot, which caused more than one hundred thousand dollars in damages to the prison.[119] CBC News posted a video of the damages to their website on April 1, 2014.[120]
On October 7, 2013, Newfoundland and Labrador Justice Minister, Darrin King announced that the government of Newfoundland and Labrador was replacing HMP St. John's with a new prison, and that the provincial government was prepared to build a new facility without help from Ottawa.[121]
On February 9, 2014, police were called to HMP St. John's after an inmate was attacked by several rival inmates in the prison's chapel, in what became known as the HMP Chapel Riot.[122] Nine inmates faced criminal charges in relation to the riot,[123] and in court proceedings attorney's representing two of the accused, claimed that three senior HMP managers and an HMP sergeant were criminally negligent in not attempting to prevent the riot, when they had previous knowledge that a planned attack on the inmate was imminent.[124] The Newfoundland and Labrador government retained, former Justice Minister Jerome Kennedy to represent the prison officials,[125] however, a provincial judge shot down the attorney's claim stating that prison managers did not act in bad faith.[126] A group of correctional officers, made similar allegations against prison management turning to Newfoundland and Labrador's Citizen's Representative to investigate their claim that prison management intentionally allowed the riot happen in order to relieve pressure that was mounting inside the prison. The Citizen's Representative investigated the claim and determined that the riot itself was preventable, but was unable to determine if the riot was an intentional act by prison management.[127] The victim of the attack inside the prison's chapel would go on to receive a forty-five thousand dollar settlement from government of Newfoundland and Labrador for failing to protect him.[128]
On February 17, 2014, correctional officers at HMP St. John's, protested on the prison's parking lot in relation to safety concerns following the Chapel Riot incident.[129] On that same day, Newfoundland and Labrador Justice Minister, Darren King, held a press conference with the Superintendent of Prisons, and announced that a contract for the design and location of a new prison would be awarded that week.[129]
On July 14, 2014, Newfoundland and Labrador's latest Justice Minister, Terry French, said he's worried about escalating violence within HMP St. John's, and stated that building a new provincial prison was a "top priority" for government, adding that a new prison in the province is "long overdue".[130]
In June 2014, inmates at HMP St. John's, rioted causing an additional hundred thousand dollars in damages, while destroying a prison living unit. It was the third riot in the span of a year at the St. John's prison. Twelve inmates faced criminal charges in relation to the incident.[131]
On August 26, 2014, a correctional officer working at the St. John's Lock-up reportedly struck a restrained man in custody, and was charged with assault.[132] HMP officer Anthony Crocker was convicted of the assault and sentenced to community service.[133] As a result of the guilty verdict, Crocker was fired from his job,[134] but after appealing the verdict, an appeals court judge overturned his conviction and ordered a new trial,[135] stating that the judge in his original trial "did not apply the correct law respecting the availability of the defence of self-defence."[135] The crown would later withdraw the charge against Crocker, opting not to prosecute, citing a low degree of probability for a conviction.[136]
On October 21, 2015, an HMP correctional officer went public in a CBC investigative report, warning of intense violence within the prison, coupled with aging infrastructure and poor prison management.[137]
On November 13, 2015, correctional officers across the province, held protests at various HMP facilities demanding the resignation of the Superintendent of Prisons. Citing dangerous working conditions, three prison riots in a year long span, claims of harassment and bullying; and the implication by officers and lawyers that he was criminally negligent in relation to the Chapel Riot incident.[138]
On November 16, 2015, Newfoundland and Labrador's Justice Department publicly backed the Superintendent of Prison's, following province-wide prison protests, citing his extensive experience and commitment to ensuring the prison was as safe as possible.[139]HMP correctional officers protest outside HMP St. John's, in November 2015, seeking the resignation of Newfoundland and Labrador's Superintendent of Prison's.
On December 16, 2015, a correctional officer publicly revealed that he had resigned from his position as a correctional officer due to suffering from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, after six years of working in Newfoundland and Labrador's prison system. The officer cited several reasons for his decision including a firebombing, in which his vehicle was damaged, multiple serious assaults, and poor prison management.[140]
On March 1, 2016, Newfoundland and Labrador's Justice Minister, Andrew Parsons, announced that a unit at HMP St. John's had undergone renovations to house female prisoners in response to overcrowding at the Correctional Centre for Women in Clarenville,[141] sparking criticism from women's groups and justice advocates.[142][143]
On January 17, 2017, Newfoundland and Labrador's Justice Minister, Andrew Parsons, Jerry Earle the president of (NAPE), the union that represents provincial correctional officers, and Bob Buckingham, a high profile St. John's attorney, all expressed concerns regarding mounting violence at HMP St. John's. Assaults at HMP had more than doubled in 2016, according to Justice Department statistics.[144]
In June 2017, Beatrice Hunter, an Inuk grandmother, who was protesting in Labrador against the controversial Muskrat Falls project, was transferred from Labrador to HMP St. John's,[145] after telling a Labrador judge she could not promise to stay away from the Muskrat Falls project site.[146] Her arrest and transfer to HMP St. John's, brought harsh criticism, and sparked a rally outside the Colonial Building in St. John's[147] and protests outside HMP,[148] which described Hunter as a "political prisoner".[145]
On August 31, 2017, Douglas Neary, a 37 year-old father of two, and first time HMP inmate died by suicide at HMP St. John's. The lawyer representing Neary's estate filed a wrongful death suit against the Newfoundland and Labrador government, vowing to expose the 'antiquated, inhumane and neo-medieval' management practices at HMP.[149]
On October 3, 2017, police responded to HMP St. John's for a report of a bomb located somewhere on the penitentiary grounds.[150]
On April 21, 2018, correctional officers at the Clarenville Correctional Centre for women discovered a 27 year-old unresponsive woman in her cell, and began to administer first-aid. The woman was transferred to hospital where she later died.[151] The family of the woman would go on to file a wrongful death suit against the Newfoundland and Labrador government claiming that correctional officers failed in their duties to promptly administer life saving efforts. The lawsuit further named HMP psychiatrist David Craig, indicating that Craig's decision to take the woman off her medication, which was prescribed by another psychiatrist, was a contributing factor in her death.[152]
On May 17, 2018, an inmate at HMP St. John's had his prison sentence reduced due to what a provincial court judge called "disturbing", evidence presented by HMP officials. The court heard that, Justin Jennings, a 34 year-old inmate was punished by HMP officials to the point that it severely affected his mental health.[153] Jennings was segregated for an excessive amount of time, and denied basic rights. The court heard that Jennings' medication was cut off by prison psychiatrist David Craig, and that Craig had ignored a letter written to prison official's by a prison psychologist that Jennings was on the verge of a complete mental breakdown, recommending he be removed from segregation immediately. Craig reportedly disagreed with the psychologist, writing a letter to the Assistant Superintendent, claiming that Jenning's was the author of his own misfortune writing, "HMP is, by its very nature, a punitive institution, not a therapeutic one."[154]
In September 2017, the province'sHuman Rights Commission wrote to Newfoundland and Labrador's Justice Minister calling for a review of the province's prison system in relation to the treatment of persons with mental health and intellectual disabilities. The commission asked that the province do an updated review of correctional facilities, with a focus on segregation and the treatment of inmates with mental health conditions or intellectual disabilities.The letter also noted a need for an increase in transparency and accountability surrounding the province's correctional facilities.[155]
On September 21, 2017, HMP inmate Calvin Kenny went public, speaking with CBC news regarding mistreatment at HMP. Kenny, an inmate who served prison sentences in other federal correctional facilities in Canada, noted that the treatment inmates receive in Newfoundland and Labrador facilities is harsher and inhumane compared to Canada's federal prison system.[156]
On May 26, 2018, Samantha Piercey, a 28 year-old mother of two, was found deceased in her prison cell, following a reported suicide.[157] Piercey's family would go on to file a wrongful death suit against the provincial government, claiming that prison authorities, and HMP psychiatrist David Craig were negligent in their duties, causing Piercey to suffer physical, emotional and psychological damages.[158]
On May 28, 2018, Newfoundland and Labrador's Justice Minister, Andrew Parsons announced that the province had tasked Marlene Jesso, a retired Royal Newfoundland Constabulary officer to conduct a review of three recent deaths in HMP facilities.[159]
On June 11, 2018, Geoff Peddle, the Bishop of the Anglican Diocese of Newfoundland and Labrador, wrote an open letter to justice officials expressing deep concern in relation to deaths at HMP facilities.[160]
On June 15, 2018, Ches Crosbie, the Progressive Conservative leader of the opposition for Newfoundland and Labrador, publicly called for in inquiry into the deaths at HMP.[161]
On June 27, 2018, Lisa Piercey, the mother of Samantha Piercey, who died while in HMP custody, publicly called for an inquiry into the deaths at HMP.[162]
On June 30, 2018, police were called to HMP St. John's, after a male inmate was found dead in his cell.[163] Several days following the death, the parents of the deceased inmate, Christopher Sutton, spoke to CBC News regarding the shock and disbelief over the death of their son. CBC News asked the Justice Minister if there was a crisis at HMP, to which the minister responded, "No, I can't go that far yet." The minister went on to reject calls from Mr. Crosbie and Ms. Piercey for a public inquiry, stating that an internal review was underway, while passing on condolences to the family of Christopher Sutton.[164]
On July 4, 2018, a letter surfaced from deceased inmate Chris Sutton, who wrote to the Newfoundland and Labrador Human Rights Commission five days before taking his own life. In the letter, Sutton pleads for help, and likens the conditions he is experiencing at HMP to torture.[165]
On July 6, 2018, Barry Fleming, the Citizen's Representative for Newfoundland and Labrador, spoke publicly regarding the deaths in HMP custody, stating that a one person review of four inmate deaths does not go far enough. "This is not hysteria, this is a remarkable occurrence that needs a remarkable response", Fleming said. Newfoundland and Labrador's Justice Minister, Andrew Parsons reiterated that government had no plans to commit to a public inquiry, stating: "we need to see what that change needs to be, and that comes out of doing a thorough investigation instead of making a knee-jerk reaction to a tragedy."[166]
On July 11, 2018, HMP St. John's, inmates Chad Ralph and Justin Wiseman, who shared a cell block with Christopher Sutton went public with CBC News, stating that Sutton was ignored by correctional officers before his death, and claimed that guards laughed at Sutton when he spoke about taking his own life.[167]
On July 11, 2018, Nape President Jerry Earle, of the union which represents Newfoundland and Labrador's correctional staff said, the province's corrections staff are stressed by the recent suicides and challenging work environment.[168]
On July 14, 2018, Newfoundland and Labrador's daily newspaper, The Telegram, kicked off a two week series of special report investigative stories in relation to HMP, beginning with an article and accompanying photograph of HMP that described the prison as Hellish, Primitive and Medieval,[169] in a play on words referring to the commonly used acronym HMP. The special report series included an editorial entitled: "Another Decade of Darkness",[170] referring to the Decade of Darkness prison report commission by the Newfoundland and Labrador government in 2008.
On July 19, 2018, Canadian Senator Kim Pate, a vocal advocate for inmate rights visited Newfoundland and Labrador in relation to deaths at HMP facilities.[171] Pate stated, that mental health resources should be prioritized over building a new prison. Pate, who visited both HMP St. John's and HMP Clarenville, noted that an emphasis needed to be placed on rehabilitation. During her visit to HMP St. John's, the Canadian Senator witnessed first hand the nonchalant approach to prisoner needs. When Senator Pate arrived at the prison she noticed an inmate who had been released at 9:30am, sitting on a bench outside the prison. Five hours later, when the Senator was leaving, the inmate was still waiting on the bench. She approached the released inmate and learned that he was told that officers were supposed to call him a taxi to get home. Pate complained to the nearest guard that the man had been waiting for five hours for a ride home, prompting a correctional officer to call a taxi for the released inmate. "Building a new prison will not solve Newfoundland and Labrador's justice system problems", the Senator was quoted as saying.[172]
On September 4, 2018, Austin Alyward, the father of Austin Alyward Jr, who died of a medical seizure while in HMP custody in 2008, warned the parents and family members of those whose deaths were being reviewed by Marlene Jesso, to not expect much from the new review, stating the review into his son's death a decade earlier produced nothing, but brownie points for the then governing tories.[173]
On February 6, 2019, a heavily redacted copy of Marlene Jesso's Deaths in Custody report[174] was made public.[175] The report contained 17 recommendations to government, and advocates and media quickly noted that the recommendations contained in the report had been previously highlighted in other provincially commissioned reports and reviews in relation to HMP.[176] Some of the recommendations included replacing HMP St. John's with a new prison, and adapting a dynamic security prison model. Critics of the prison system were quick to point out the straight forward rational contained in the report, and questioned the prison system's leadership. Mark Gruchy, a St. John's based lawyer and vocal critic of HMP said, some of the recommendations are "profoundly basic", such as developing a strategy to deal with drug trafficking inside the jail walls or having a policy on saving video surveillance of critical incidents. "These things to me should not be recommendations - they're common sense. It's mind-blowing to me that we have a corrections system and a justice system interconnected with it that requires an external report to once again recommend very, very basic issues."[177]
On March 7, 2019, a Newfoundland and Labrador man living in Toronto, ON, flew to Newfoundland and Labrador, to begin a prison protest outside HMP St. John's.[178] A self-described former inmate, who served time in several prisons across Canada, claimed he received help in federal institutions, but was tortured when doing time at HMP ten years previous.[179] His protest gained local support as he live-streamed videos and made numerous uploads to Youtube.[180] As his protest gained steam, he was joined by former correctional officers, former inmates, and community supporters. The former inmate's protest lasted a week, before he was arrested by the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary on a charge(s) of uttering threats to prison staff.[181]
On November 6, 2019, police responded to HMP St. John's, after the death of 33 year-old Inuk inmate Jonathan Henoche.[182] Henoche was killed after a reported confrontation with correctional officers, and justice officials originally attributed his death to a medical emergency.[183] His death was later ruled a homicide[184] by the Chief Medical Examiner. News of Henoche's death prompted renewed calls for a public inquiry,[185] however, Newfoundland and Labrador's Justice Minister shot down any notion of holding an inquiry into the death.[186] The homicide, which was captured on HMP's CCTV camera system, was investigated by the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary, and on December 22, 2020, the RNC's major crimes unit announced it had charged ten of the province's correctional officers with varying criminal offences including manslaughter, criminal negligence causing death, and failing to provide the necessities of life.[187] The announcement of the charges itself brought swift criticism from the legal community[188] advocates, and an elected member of the House of Assembly[189] due to the departments decision to not publicly name the ten accused. After mounting public pressure, Newfoundland and Labrador's Justice Department named the correctional officers accused in connection with the Henoche homicide.[190] The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) noted that the circumstances surrounding the death had been noticeably vague, writing, "The Indigenous man was in protective custody when he was killed in November 2019. The status did not protect him from harm — which came not from inmates, but allegedly from correctional officers who now stand accused of ending 33-year-old Henoche's life. From the start, the circumstances of exactly how he died have been veiled, if not kept outright from the public eye."[191] After a brief battle between the Newfoundland and Labrador government and the union that represents Newfoundland and Labrador correctional officers, an arbitrator ordered the government of Newfoundland and Labrador to pay the legal fees of the ten accused, which cost the NL taxpayer more than one million dollars.[192][193] A preliminary hearing began in August 2021,[194] which included a publication ban, that prevented media from reporting on the facts of the case.[195] In December 2021, a provincial judge dismissed all homicide related charges against the accused officers stating that throughout the video of the Henoche homicide correctional officers were "professional and dutiful" in their actions, calling the case against them, "most unfortunate",[196] and stating that Henoche was far from a model inmate, committing numerous infractions while housed at HMP.[197] Despite the judges decision, Henoche's lawyer filed a wrongful death suit against the province stating that he plans on interrogating the officers under oath.[198]
In February 2020, RCMP were called to the Labrador Correctional Centre, when inmate Jacob Collins was found dead in his cell.[199]
On December 4, 2020, St. John's lawyer Bob Buckingham made national headlines when he filed a lawsuit against the provincial government on behalf of his client, Blair Harris, a former inmate at the Bishop's Falls Correctional Centre.[200] The lawsuit claimed that Harris had been escorted to a dentist's office in Gander by two correctional officers, and while sedated, one of the correctional officers performed dental surgery on him, while the other recorded it on his cellphone.[201] Harris learned that a correctional officer had performed a dental procedure on him from the Superintendent of Prison's after video of the incident had circulated throughout the prison. The two correctional officers were fired, and the RCMP charged former correctional officer Ronald McDonald and Roy Goodyear with aggravated assault and assault with a weapon. Louis Bourget, a dentist who practices in both Newfoundland and Labrador and Nova Scotia, was also charged in the incident.[202]
On February 26, 2021, police responded to HMP's St. John's City Lock-up for a report of a sudden death,[203] which was later ruled a suicide.[204]
On September 16, 2021, an HMP St. John's, inmate was found unresponsive in his cell and transported to hospital where he later died.[205] Gregory Pike, a 30 year-old HMP inmate, and father of one died by suicide. Pike's sister, Courtney Pike, said she could barely contain her emotions when she read the Justice Department's statement in relation to her brother's death, "It was like they were sweeping it under the rug, because they know this is an ongoing issue in the system", she said.[206] Pike's death prompted a prison protest outside HMP St. John's, were his family and supporters gathered to bring attention to the ongoing problems in the province's prison system.[207]
On October 21, 2021, a Newfoundland and Labrador Supreme Court judge, certified a class-action lawsuit involving 70 inmates from Newfoundland and Labrador's prison system,[208] who claim that the province has been aware of the significant mental health impact on inmates, due to prolonged periods or excessive use of solitary confinement, claiming that despite the province's awareness of the significant harm it creates, Newfoundland and Labrador's prison system continues to adopt punitive measures that lead to prolonged periods of solitary confinement for inmates.[209]
On November 24, 2021, the government of Newfoundland and Labrador issued a request for proposals for a new prison to replace HMP St. John's.[210] The announcement set off another wave on controversy as a Newfoundland and Labrador Member of the House of Assembly, said other bidders pulled out of the tendering process because government was favoring a single bidder, over two other companies that had submitted proposals.[211]
On January 27, 2022, St. John's based attorney Rosellen Sullivan, who represented Jordan Constantine,[212] one of three correctional officer's charged with manslaughter in relation to the Henoche homicide, called for a public inquiry into the Henoche death to clear her clients name, and bring a sense of closure to Henoche's family. Sullivan stated that there is a public perception that Henoche was beaten to death and it's unfair to the officers that such a perception persists.[213] Bob Buckingham, a vocal critic of HMP, and the attorney representing the Henoche family in a wrongful death suit against the province, also reiterated his call for a public inquiry into the death, asking if Johnathan Henoche would be alive - if not for the treatment he received at the hands of correctional officers on November 6, 2019.[214]
On February 2, 2022, the assistant superintendent of HMP St. John's was removed from her position by the Department of Justice and Public Safety. Media outlets reported that correctional staff at the prison received an email informing them of her termination, and that she was forbidden from entering the prison.[215] The Newfoundland and Labrador Justice Department did not state a particular reason for the sudden termination, citing privacy concerns.[216]
On July 7, 2022, the CBC reported that an inmate at HMP St. John's had his prison sentence reduced by six months due to the harsh conditions he endured while being housed at the facility. The inmate in question claimed he contracted Covid-19 during his stay at the prison, as well as being excessively confined, limited recreation, and limited access to programming and mental health services. The inmate further described living in a rat infested situation, combined with excessive mold and overall unsanitary conditions, such as a toilet that did not function properly. The inmate further complained of being ridiculed by both inmates and correctional officers due to a disability.[217] Cindy Murphy, the executive director of the Newfoundland and Labrador chapter of the John Howard Society, called for an overhaul of the province's penal system, stating that a complete overhaul is necessary to rid Newfoundland and Labrador's prison's system of a cultural problem that plagues the system in general. Murphy noted that building a new prison without addressing the need for cultural change will only import the same problems into a new building.[218]
On August 3, 2022, the CBC reported that the ten HMP St. John's correctional officer's previously accused in relation to the death of former inmate Johnathan Henoche had filed a civil lawsuit against the province. In addition to the province, the lawsuit named the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary the province's Chief Medical Examiner and its Crown Prosecutor. The ten correctional officers claim that charges against them were wrongfully pursued causing them to suffer undue damage to their mental health, reputations and finances.[219]
During record heat (attributed to climate change) during the summer of 2022.[220] Various HMP inmates[221] and correctional officers[222] complained of unbearable heat, and poor air quality at HMP St. John's; (conditions that had been previously highlighted in the 2008 Decades of Darkness Prison Report.) The record heat combined with correctional staff being forced to work 24 hour shifts, (a problem also noted in the 2008, Decades of Darkness Prison Report), led to severe shortages of staffing levels, leading to a lack of services and programming for the inmate population, prompting prison advocates to liken the prison to a "pressure cooker", situation.[223]
In September 2022, the family of Jacob Collins, an inmate who committed suicide at the Labrador Correctional Centre in 2020, announced that they were suing the provincial government in relation to his death.[224]
On December 6, 2022, Newfoundland and Labrador's auditor general released a scathing report into deficiencies within the prison system's policy and procedure's especially in regards to inmate rehabilitation and community monitoring of sentenced offenders. The auditor general noted that HMP is currently operating under antiquated procedure's and made several recommendations to Newfoundland and Labrador's Justice Department including the implementation of new legislation that has been stalled in the province's House of Assembly since 2011, which was drafted in relation to the Decades of Darkness prison Report, released in 2008.[225]
In April 2023, CBC News reported that a senior manager at the Newfoundland and Labrador chapter of the John Howard Society was charged with extortion in relation to allegedly threatening an HMP inmate that he would fail a urine test, (sending him back to prison) if the inmate did not provide him with sexual favors.[226]
In August 2023, the NL Justice Department announced an inmate death at HMP St. John's. No details or cause of death were released.[227][228][229][230]
In December 2023, five years after dedicating a two week special investigative series to the province's prison system, which labelled HMP as "Hellish", "Medieval", and "Primitive", NL's largest newspaper, The Telegram, once, again put HMP in the spotlight by dedicating a week long special investigative series concerning NL's prison system.[231][232][233][234]
On December 2, 2023, various NL media outlets reported that a male inmate at HMP St. John's was found deceased.[235][236]
On December 4, 2023, the CBC reported that thirty-five year old Seamus Flynn had died while in HMP custody, of an unknown illness. The CBC reported that inmate's at the St. John's facility are calling for a full investigation into his death.[237]
On December 12, 2023, the CBC reported that Seamus Flynn had complained in the weeks before his death of being excessively beaten by correctional officers.[238]
On December 20, 2023, the RNC announced that it was broadening its investigation into the death of Seamus Flynn citing information from the province's office of the chief medical examiner.[239][240][241][242]
On December 25, 2023, VOCM news reported that a 52 year-old inmate at the Corner Brook Lock-up was found deceased in his cell.[243][244][245][246]
On December 28, 2023, after spending over 4 million dollars on planning and architecture services,[247] the NL government said it was abandoning their current plan for a new penitentiary, and starting the process of designing a new facility from scratch, beginning with issuing a request for qualifications to replace the prison.[248]
On February 20, 2024, Well-known NL defense attorney and prison advocate , Bob Buckingham called for an inquiry into the death of Seamus Flynn while in HMP Custody.[249]
References
^"Adult Custody - Justice and Public Safety".
^"Inmates in Her Majesty's Penitentiary say they feel hopeless, alone and increasingly unwell". CBC. May 4, 2023. Retrieved March 2, 2024.
^"Officials confirm death at notorious Her Majesty's Penitentiary jail in Newfoundland". Toronto Star. August 24, 2023.
^"Phoenix Garden Unveiled at Her Majesty's Penitentiary".
^"As construction of a new St. John's prison remains stalled, the state of Her Majesty's Penitentiary gets worse, Opposition says | SaltWire".
^"As Newfoundland's Victorian-era jail awaits replacement, observers say it's unfit". November 28, 2022.
^Bailey, Sue (January 15, 2017). "'I compare it to the Dark Ages': assaults soar in 158-year-old Newfoundland prison". The Toronto Star; The Canadian Press. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
^Cameron, Stevie (September 29, 2013). "Kingston Penitentiary: Canada's most famous prison closes its doors". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved January 7, 2022.
^White, Bailey (April 14, 2019). "'Devil's always in the details' of plan to replace HMP, and details are scant". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 7, 2022.
^Government, NL. "Justice and Public Safety". Government of Newfoundland and Labrador. Retrieved January 7, 2022.
^"RCMP Honor Roll". Royal Canadian Mounted Police. March 12, 2021. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
^Fitzgerald, Jack (2008). Crimes: that shocked Newfoundland. St. John's, NL: Creative Book Publishing. pp. 75–107. ISBN 978-1-897174-30-2.
^Green, Arthur (April 13, 2018). "Memories of officer's tragic death linger in Whitbourne". Saltwire. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (August 24, 2000). "Police still hunting sex offender Richard Ryan". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
^CBC News, NL (August 24, 2000). "Police still hunting sex offender Richard Ryan". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^Government, NL (August 28, 2000). "Kudos from Justice Minister for capture of Richard Ryan". Government of NL. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
^Pennell, Josh; Mullalhey, Rosie (September 1, 2015). "Dangerous sex offender denied parole". The Telegram. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
^Witt, Howard (March 27, 1989). "Priests' Sex Abuse Shocks Province". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
^Gullage, Peter (February 17, 2019). "Mount Cashel: After 30 years, the pain still has not gone away". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
^Saltwire News, NL (December 30, 2017). "Former N.L. priest John Corrigan convicted in sexual abuse scandal dead at 86". Saltwire. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
^Lee, Phillip (April 17, 2016). "Mount Cashel, and the redemptive power of pulling stories from the darkness". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 7, 2022.
^Harris, Michael (1990). Unholy Orders: Tragedy at Mount Cashel. Canada: Viking Canada. ISBN 9780670834815.
^Vincent, Sam (2014). Blood & Guts: Dispatches from the Whale Wars. Australia: Black Incorporated. p. 10. ISBN 9781863956826.
^Wiffen, Glen (July 14, 2018). "Telegram Special Report explores past, present and future of HMP". The Telegram. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^Dean-simmons, Barb (August 8, 2013). "Point of Entry". Saltwire. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^Wiffen, Glenn (July 14, 2018). "Telegram Special Report explores past, present and future of HMP". The Telegram. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^Lamothe, Lee; Humphreys, Adrian (2014). The Sixth Family: The collapse of the New York Mafia and the rise of Vito Rizzuto. Canada: Harper Collins. ISBN 978-1443428026.
^CBC News, NL (October 13, 2006). "Crime Pays". The Fifth Estate. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^O'Dea, Brian (2007). High: Confessions of a Pot Smuggler. Canada: Vintage Canada. ISBN 978-0679312796.
^CBC News, NL (May 3, 2019). "Former NAPE leader Leo Puddester dies". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 12, 2022.
^Cox, Kevin (April 2, 2004). "Newfoundland strike gets nasty in a hurry". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved January 12, 2022.
^Gazarik, Richard (May 14, 2012). "Police investigate doctor's murder at area state park". TRIB Live. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (September 5, 2003). "Canadian judge let Turner free despite U.S. advice". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
^Brautigam, Tara (October 5, 2006). "Report slams Nfld. custody system". The Canadian Press. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
^"After Canadian mother killed herself and their only grandchild, U.S. couple started 10-year fight to change Canada's bail laws". The National Post. August 9, 2013. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
^Bagby, David (2015). Dance with the Devil: A memoir of murder and loss. Diversion Books. ISBN 9781682300237.
^Telegram, The (December 13, 2010). "Attempted murder charges laid in N.L. police standoff". Global News. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^Bailey, Sue (February 14, 2011). "Bay Bulls standoff cost almost half a million dollars before suspect escaped". Saltwire. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (December 13, 2010). "Bay Bulls escapee free for 15 hours: video". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^Bailey, Sue (February 11, 2014). "Bay Bulls standoff cost almost half a million dollars before suspect escaped". Saltwire. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (April 19, 2013). "Communication errors, assumptions cited in Leo Crockwell escape". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^Ryan, Chris (2014). The Bay Bulls Stand-off. Canada: Flanker Press. ISBN 978-1771173551.
^CBC News, NL (June 1, 2012). "Leo Crockwell found guilty in Bay Bulls standoff". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (August 5, 2014). "Nelson Hart, accused of killing twin daughters, quietly released from custody". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^Bridges, Alecia; Dinh, Victoria (December 9, 2019). "Confessions and controversy: Murder case against husband of Sheree Fertuck latest test of 'Mr. Big' tactic". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^Lewis, Colleen; Hicks, Jennifer (2015). Mr. Big: The investigation into the deaths of Karen and Krista Hart. St. John's NL: Flanker Press. ISBN 9781771174312.
^Lewis, Colleen (2015). Mr. Big: The Investigation into the Deaths of Karen and Krista Hart. Canada: Flanker Press. ISBN 978-1771174312.
^Mullaley, Rosie (January 15, 2008). "St. John's doctor gets seven years". The Telegram. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
^CBC News, NL (April 17, 2009). "Former N.L. minister Byrne sentenced to 2-year jail term". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
^Mullaley, Rosie (July 2, 2010). "Ed Byrne is out of jail". The Telegram. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (October 2, 2009). "Former N.L. politician Andersen sentenced". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (January 3, 2018). "Wally Andersen new mayor of Happy Valley-Goose Bay". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
^CBC News, NL (January 15, 2010). "Randy Collins Jailed in spending scandal". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
^"Former Newfoundland minister sentenced in spending scandal". The Globe and Mail. January 6, 2010. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (October 6, 2015). "Fatal hotel shooting called a 'shocking tragedy,' hunt still on for suspect". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 28, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (October 9, 2015). "Larry Wellman's daughter after fatal shooting: 'I'm proud of him'". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 28, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (October 8, 2015). "Bill Janes offers no safety assurances in wake of fatal armed robbery". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 28, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (October 11, 2015). "Brandon Phillips charged in Captain's Quarters hotel slaying". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 28, 2022.
^Antle, Rob (December 19, 2017). "N.L. premier provided key info to ID murder suspect in 2015 botched armed robbery". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 28, 2022.
^"Newfoundland premier tipped police to killer weeks ahead of election, documents reveal". Global News. The Canadian Press. December 19, 2017. Retrieved January 28, 2022.
^Kelland, Arianna (December 20, 2017). "Tearful Dwight Ball opens up about daughter, murder case and being a dad". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 28, 2022.
^Kelland, Arianna (December 8, 2017). "Brandon Phillips found guilty of 2nd-degree murder in Captain's Quarters shooting". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 28, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (November 12, 2021). "Royal Newfoundland Constabulary officer sentenced to 4 years in prison for sexual assault". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 7, 2022.
^"RNC officer charged with sexual assault". The Telegram. July 15, 2015. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (May 5, 2021). "3rd trial for police officer Doug Snelgrove, accused of sexual assault, now underway". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 7, 2022.
^Smellie, Sarch (November 12, 2021). "Newfoundland police officer gets 4 years for sexually assaulting woman on-duty". The Canadian Press. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^Bradbury, Tara (December 21, 2021). "St. John's police officer Doug Snelgrove granted bail pending appeal of sexual assault conviction". saltwire. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^Mullins, Malone (April 18, 2023). "RNC officer Doug Snelgrove's sexual assault appeal has been dismissed, sources say". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved April 20, 2023.
^Innocence, Project. "Innocents database of exhonorations". Innocents database. Retrieved January 7, 2022.
^Lamer, Antonio (2006). "Lamer Inquiry" (PDF). Report into the Wrongful Convictions of Gregory Parsons, Randy Druken and Ronald Dalton.
^CBC News, NL (June 23, 2010). "RNC chief defends Singleton promotion". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^Cooke, Ryan (April 10, 2020). "Brian Doyle — who killed Catherine Carroll and let her son go to jail for it — granted day parole". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^Kelland, Arianna (March 31, 2022). "He went to prison for a murder his friend committed. Now Greg Parsons feels cheated again". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^Gibbons, Joseph (October 6, 2021). "Greg Parsons named top firefighter in St. John's region". Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^ a b c d eClark, Richard (1995). "Executions in Canada from 1860 to abolition". capitalpunishmentuk.org. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
^MacDonald, Michael (August 23, 2000). "Escaped rapist a serious risk, police warn". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved January 7, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (August 24, 2000). "Union blames government for rapist's escape". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^Government, NL (August 23, 2000). "Department takes firm action into Richard Ryan escape". Government of NL. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^Frampton, Pam (July 21, 2018). "Pam Frampton: Selling the (Salmonier prison) farm". Saltwire. Retrieved September 9, 2022.
^Skrickland, LLoyd (April 13, 2005). "Judicial Inquiry into the circumstances of the death of August Zarpa" (PDF).
^CBC News, NL (January 5, 2007). "System failed woman kept naked in cell: mother, advocates". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (January 3, 2007). "RCMP apologizes for holding suspect naked". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^ a bCBC News, NL (December 8, 2008). "N.L. jails in sorry shape, scathing report finds". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (February 8, 2008). "No hint of inmate's impending suicide, justice minister says". Canadian broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (February 7, 2008). "HMP no place to be mentally ill: lawyer". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (April 16, 2008). "N.L. justice minister pledges to find out what happened to dead inmate". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (May 4, 2009). "Retired judge to probe inmate's death at HMP". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^Kelland, Arianna (September 4, 2018). "Father calls report into son's 2008 death a 'sham' as province grapples with new inmate death review". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
^CBC News, NL (April 2, 2008). "Lockup beating claim leads to 2 suspensions". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (September 15, 2018). "Drunk-tank video doesn't prove assault: lawyer". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2020.
^CBC News, NL (December 19, 2008). "St. John's guard found not guilty of assault". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (November 2, 2009). "Former corrections officer sentenced for brutal beating". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (April 18, 2008). "Justice minister orders outside review of N.L. jails". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (October 1, 2008). "Shakeup looming in corrections system". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (October 2, 2008). "More corrections changes coming: justice minister". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (October 10, 2008). "Another top official out at HMP". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^ a bCBC News, NL (December 9, 2008). "Jails will never be 'swept under the rug' again: justice minister". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^Brautigam, Tara (April 22, 2009). "Police jailed son, mistaking autism for drunkenness, Newfoundland mother says". The Canadian Press. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^McGrath, John (March 26, 2014). "Spurrell vs Priddle, Puddicombe" (PDF). RNC Police Complaints Commission.
^CBC News, NL (April 27, 2009). "Mother of arrested autistic teen welcomes officers' apologies". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^Fleming, Barry (March 25, 2011). "Citizen's Representative investigation of Psychiatric services in Provincial Correctional Facilities" (PDF). Investigative Report: Page 2, paragraph 2.
^CBC News, NL (February 23, 2010). "St. John's prison guard in drug bust". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (September 7, 2010). "2 'violent' inmates escape Stephenville prison". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (September 9, 2010). "2 N.L. prison escapees caught". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (September 8, 2010). "Prison break puts new focus on security". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (December 9, 2010). "HMP 'Achilles heel' of justice system: Collins". Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^Fleming, Barry (March 25, 2011). "Citizen's Representative investigation of Psychiatric Services in Provincial Correctional Facilities" (PDF). Investigative Report: Page 23, paragraph 87.
^CBC News, NL (March 28, 2011). "Prison psychiatry report rejected". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (March 30, 2011). "N.L. prison psychiatrist's work under review". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (November 14, 2011). "Stephenville jail escape played down". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^"Renovations Underway at West Coast Correctional Centre". Government of NL (Press release). April 29, 2011. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (September 24, 2012). "Former inmate decries psychiatric services at HMP". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (June 9, 2012). "Citizens' representative repeats call to replace HMP doctor". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (February 20, 2013). "Police search for firebomber in St. John's". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (August 6, 2013). "Police break up 'small riot' at St. John's penitentiary". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (March 20, 2014). "Hostage traded for 2 cigarettes during HMP August riot". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^"HMP Riot damages". CBC News NL. April 1, 2014. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (October 7, 2013). "Darin King announces replacement for HMP". Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (November 17, 2014). "HMP riot: A step-by-step breakdown of the chapel video". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^Mullalhey, Rosie (September 29, 2017). "Suspects in HMP riot appear in court". Saltwire. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (November 21, 2014). "HMP riot trial: Defence targets senior staff in negligence claims". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2021.
^Mcloud, James (September 30, 2017). "Jerome Kennedy hired to represent HMP workers". Saltwire. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (December 19, 2014). "Charter application in HMP riot case rejected by judge". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
^Kelland, Arianna (February 9, 2017). "HMP chapel riot allowed to happen to 'relieve pressure,' guards allege". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^Bradbury, Tara (March 8, 2018). "HMP chapel riot lawsuit settled out of court to the tune of $45,000". Saltwire. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^ a bCBC News, NL (February 17, 2014). "Contract for new prison site, design coming this week: King". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^"HMP replacement coming 'as soon as we possibly can': Terry French". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. The Canadian Press. July 14, 2014. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (January 15, 2015). "Preliminary inquiry begins in case of His Majesty's Penitentiary riot". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (October 13, 2015). "Anthony Crocker sentenced to community service for inmate assault". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (October 13, 2015). "Anthony Crocker sentenced to community service for inmate assault". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^ a bCBC News, NL (October 26, 2017). "New trial ordered for former prison guard convicted of assaulting inmate". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^CBC News, Nl (July 3, 2018). "Former correctional officer Anthony Crocker cleared of assaulting inmate". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^Kelland, Arianna (October 16, 2015). "Rebar shanks, exposed wires and intense violence: guard blows whistle at HMP". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (November 13, 2015). "Prison workers protest management and working conditions". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (November 17, 2015). "N.L. justice department backs Owen Brophy after prison guard protests". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^Kelland, Arianna (December 16, 2015). "PTSD in corrections: Former HMP officer says employer must do more". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^Canadian, Press (March 1, 2016). "Overcrowding blamed as females to be held at men's prison in Newfoundland". Macleans. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (March 2, 2016). "Moving female inmates to HMP makes 'no sense at all,' says women's council". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 7, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (March 2, 2016). "'Desperate measures': Spike in female inmates proves prison system isn't working, expert says". Canadian Broadcasting Corporations. Retrieved January 7, 2022.
^"'It's a tinderbox': Assaults soar in 158-year-old prison". The Toronto Sun. The Canadian Press. January 16, 2017. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^ a bCBC News, NL (June 2, 2017). "Woman arrested in Muskrat Falls protest moved to men's prison in St. John's". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 7, 2022.
^Breen, Katie (May 29, 2017). "Muskrat Falls opponent in custody, protesters block court vehicle". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 7, 2022.
^Penny, Beth (June 8, 2017). "Demonstrators demand release of imprisoned Labrador activist Beatrice Hunter". Saltwire. Retrieved January 7, 2022.
^Kinsella, Stephanie (June 6, 2017). "'I'm fighting for my rights': Labrador's Beatrice Hunter jailed, but defiant". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^Kelland, Arianna (July 6, 2018). "Family of first-time inmate sues provincial government over HMP death". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^Gosse, Keith (October 3, 2017). "Bomb threat prompts police search of penitentiary grounds in St. John's". Saltwire. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^McCabe, Megan (April 23, 2018). "Woman, 27, choked to death at Clarenville women's prison, police believe". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^Kelland, Arianna; Antle, Rob (August 22, 2019). "Mother of Skye Martin suing over daughter's 'wrongful death' in custody". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (May 17, 2018). "Prison segregation policy called recipe for disaster in ruling on assault charges". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^Bradbury, Tara (May 17, 2018). "HMP's 'complete inadequacy' leads to harsh words from St. John's judge and reduced jail term for Newfoundland man". Saltwire. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^Kelland, Arianna (September 22, 2017). "N.L. Human Rights Commission concerned over mentally ill, intellectually disabled inmates". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^Kelland, Arianna (September 21, 2017). "Inmates leave HMP 'far worse off than when they went in,' says Calvin Kenny". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^Bird, Lindsey (June 1, 2018). "Mother of Samantha Piercey doesn't believe authorities' explanation of her death". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^Quinn, Mark (January 11, 2020). "Family seeking more than $1.5M for Samantha Piercey's 'wrongful' N.L. prison death". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^Bailey, Sue (May 28, 2018). "Review to probe three N.L. inmate deaths: 'We want to find out what is going on'". The National Post. Retrieved January 3, 2020.
^CBC News, NL (June 11, 2018). "Prisoners should not be dying in jail, says Anglican Church". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (June 12, 2018). "Ches Crosbie calls for public inquiry into inmate deaths". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^Coles, Terri (June 27, 2018). "'Mother on a mission' demands inquiry into daughter's death in jail". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (June 30, 2022). "RNC probing inmate's sudden death at Her Majesty's Penitentiary". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (July 3, 2018). "'Now it's our son': Parents in shock after latest death at HMP". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^Kelland, Arianna (July 4, 2018). "'Please help me': Chris Sutton wrote letter to human rights commission 5 days before death". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^Kinsella, stephanie (July 6, 2018). "One-person review of 4 inmate deaths not good enough, says N.L.'s Citizens' Representative". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^Mullin, Malone (July 11, 2018). "Chris Sutton was 'ignored' ahead of his death at HMP, say inmates". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (July 11, 2018). "Corrections staff stressed by suicide, and 'challenging' workplace". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^Wiffen, Glenn (July 11, 2018). "Telegram Special Report explores past, present and future of HMP". The Telegram. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^"Editorial: Another decade of darkness". The Telegram. July 13, 2018. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^Kelland, Arianna (July 19, 2018). "Grieving mother meets senator during tour of Newfoundland jails". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^Maher, David (July 19, 2018). "Building a new prison will not solve Newfoundland and Labrador's justice system problems: Sen. Kim Pate". Saltwire. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^Kelland, Arianna (September 4, 2018). "Father calls report into son's 2008 death a 'sham' as province grapples with new inmate death review". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^Jesso, Marlene (December 12, 2018). "Deaths in Custody Review" (PDF). Government of NL.
^News, Saltwire (February 6, 2019). "Update: Report into circumstances surrounding Newfoundland and Labrador prison deaths released". Satwire. Retrieved January 4, 2022. {{cite news}}: |last= has generic name (help)
^News, Saltwire (February 26, 2019). "Update: Report into circumstances surrounding NL prison deaths released". Saltwire. Retrieved January 4, 2022. {{cite news}}: |last= has generic name (help)
^CBC News, NL (February 7, 2019). "Prison death report tells the same sad story, but advocates hope for a new ending". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^Sweet, Barb; Maher, David (March 7, 2019). "UpdateD: Mike Williams begins protest at HMP in St. John's". Saltwire. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (March 7, 2019). "Former inmates rally at HMP to protest 'most unfit and inhumane prison in Canada'". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^Williams, Mike (March 2019). "Prison Protest". Youtube. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^News, Saltwire (March 14, 2014). "St. John's prison protester out on bail". Saltwire. Retrieved January 4, 2022. {{cite news}}: |last= has generic name (help)
^"Officials Investigating Death of 33-Year-Old Inmate at HMP". VOCM NEWS. November 6, 2019. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^Kelland, Arianna (November 7, 2019). "Inmate who died at HMP was accused killer Jonathan Henoche". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (December 4, 2019). "Jonathan Henoche's jailhouse death was a homicide, rules coroner". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
^Quinn, Mark (November 13, 2019). "Fetal alcohol disorder advocate calls for inquiry into inmate's death". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^Bradbury, Tara (December 22, 2020). "No inquiry being considered for case involving Jonathan Henoche's death in HMP in St. John's". Saltwire. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^"10 Corrections Officers Arrested, Charges Laid in Death of Inmate at HMP". VOCM NEWS. December 22, 2020. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (January 9, 2021). "Silence on prison guards accused in Henoche killing 'bogus,' says St. John's lawyer". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^Cooke, Ryan (January 7, 2021). "Evans demands justice minister release more information on Henoche homicide". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^Cooke, Ryan (January 8, 2021). "Prison guards charged in Henoche homicide named in court documents". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^Gushue, John (December 26, 2020). "Jonathan Henoche's short life and violent death expose gaps in the justice system". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 5, 2020.
^Uncredited (December 29, 2023). "N.L. government paid over $1M in legal bills for 10 exonerated HMP guards". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
^Cooke, Ryan (February 25, 2022). "N.L. government ordered to pay legal fees for 10 HMP officers charged in Henoche case". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^Mullahey, Rosie (August 16, 2021). "Newfoundland correctional officers see a show solidarity as St. John's hearing gets underway". Saltwire. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^"Key Ruling on Evidence in HMP Corrections Officers Case Could Affect Outcome". VOCM News. October 1, 2021. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^Mullin, Malone (December 17, 2022). "Charges dismissed against 9 prison guards accused in Jonathan Henoche's death". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^"Charges Dropped Against Nine Correctional Officers in Death of Inuk Inmate at HMP". VOCM News. December 17, 2021. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^"Province Denies Liability in Death of HMP Inmate". VOCM News. January 6, 2022. Retrieved January 8, 2022.
^Kelland, Arianna (February 11, 2020). "Father incarcerated during son's death at Labrador jail wants answers". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved September 6, 2022.
^Smelliee, Sarah (December 11, 2020). "Former N.L. inmate alleges guard performed dental work on him while another filmed". The Toronto Sun. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (December 8, 2020). "Corrections officers worked on inmate's teeth, then shared video: lawsuit". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^"N.L. correctional officers and N.S. dentist charged with assault against inmate". Global News. The Canadian Press. February 5, 2021. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (February 26, 2021). "Sudden death in St. John's lockup under investigation, police say". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^"Sudden Death at St. John's Lockup Deemed Not Suspicious". VOCM News. March 8, 2021. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (September 21, 2021). "Her Majesty's Penitentiary inmate dead, with cause unknown". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^"N.L. inmate who died by suicide needed mental health care not jail: family". Atlantic News. The Canadian Press. September 22, 2021. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^CBC News, NL (October 10, 2021). "Family of HMP inmate who died by suicide holds protest, demanding justice". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^Bradbury, Tara (October 21, 2021). "Up to 70 Newfoundland and Labrador ex-prisoners involved solitary confinement lawsuit". Saltwire. Retrieved January 8, 2022.
^Tutton, Michael (September 2, 2020). "Former N.L. inmates launch class action over alleged harm from solitary confinement". Global News. Retrieved January 8, 2022.
^"Government Issues Requests for Proposals for New Prison to Replace HMP". VOCM News. November 24, 2021. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^Careen, Evan (December 8, 2021). "Sole-sourced St. John's prison replacement contract proof that 'cronyism' in government has 'never been as bad': Tories". Saltwire. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^Cooke, Ryan (January 8, 2021). "Prison guards charged in Henoche homicide named in court documents". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 28, 2022.
^Careen, Evan (January 27, 2022). "Lawyer for one of the correctional officers previously charged in death of an inmate in St. John's wants an inquiry into matter". Saltwire. Retrieved January 28, 2022.
^"Bob Buckingham calls for public inquiry into Jonathan Henoche's death". NTV News. January 28, 2022. Retrieved January 28, 2022.
^Bradbury, Tara (February 2, 2022). "Assistant superintendent at Her Majesty's Penitentiary in St. John's reportedly terminated from position". Saltwire. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
^News, VOCM (February 3, 2022). "NAPE President Troubled by Leadership Situation Unfolding at HMP". VOCM News NL. Retrieved February 3, 2022. {{cite news}}: |last= has generic name (help)
^Mullin, Malone (July 7, 2022). "Conditions at HMP are so bad, some inmates are getting time off their sentences". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved July 10, 2022.
^Mullin, Malone (July 8, 2022). "N.L. is building a new jail. But without changes, advocates say the same old problems will persist". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved July 10, 2022.
^Mullin, Malone (August 8, 2022). "10 HMP guards exonerated in Henoche death sue N.L. government". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved August 3, 2022.
^Uncredited (July 24, 2022). "Daily temperature records set as heat wave sweeps through Newfoundland". Saltwire. Retrieved August 12, 2022.
^Bradbury, Tara (July 25, 2022). "'You feel like a dog in the car with the windows up,' inmate says of sweltering conditions at Her Majesty's Penitentiary in St. John's". Saltwire. Retrieved August 12, 2022.
^Bradbury, Tara (July 26, 2022). "No air conditioning, double shifts and heavy uniforms: inmates aren't the only ones suffering in the heat at Her Majesty's Penitentiary in St. John's". Saltwire. Retrieved August 12, 2022.
^Mullin, Malone (August 12, 2022). "HMP on the verge of total lockdown as prison grapples with lack of guards". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved August 12, 2022.
^Kelland, Arianna (September 6, 2022). "Family of Jacob Collins sues province as prison guard fights termination". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved September 6, 2022.
^Roberts, Darrell (December 7, 2022). "N.L.'s adult offender rehab process ineffective, inadequate and outdated, says auditor general". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved December 8, 2022.
^Mullin, Malone (April 28, 2023). "Former John Howard Society manager accused of demanding sex act for clean urine test". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
^Uncredited (August 24, 2023). "Inmate dead at Her Majesty's Penitentiary, but justice officials mum on details". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
^Uncredited (August 24, 2023). "Inmate death at HMP under investigation: Justice Department". Saltwire. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
^Uncredited (August 24, 2023). "Department of Justice Confirms Death at HMP". VOCM News. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
^Uncredited (August 24, 2023). "Officials confirm death at notorious Her Majesty's Penitentiary jail in Newfoundland". CTV News Atlantic/The Canadian Press. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
^Bradbury, Tara (December 2, 2023). "Offender credited with double jail time for HMP conditions, including rodent bite while sleeping". Saltwire. Retrieved December 3, 2023.
^Kilfroy, Cameron (December 1, 2023). "Keeping people out of HMP: Specialized court aims to divert individuals from entering HMP by focusing on rehabilitation and reintegration". Saltwire. Retrieved December 2, 2023.
^Mercer, Nick (December 1, 2023). ""You're up all night chasing mice": From fighting rodent's to lack of visitation, one HMP inmates says he's dealing with the worst conditions he's ever seen". Saltwire. Retrieved December 2, 2023.
^Crocker, Diane (December 1, 2023). ""We're threw around a bunch of animals and told to fend for ourselves": Inmate of HMP St. John's". Saltwire. Retrieved December 2, 2023.
^Head, Jenna (December 2, 2023). "Inmate dies at Her Majesty's Penitentiary overnight: source". Saltwire. Retrieved December 2, 2023.
^Uncredited (December 2, 2023). "Inmate dead at Her Majesty's Penitentiary, multiple sources confirm". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.
^Kelland, Arianna (December 4, 2023). "HMP inmates call for full investigation into death of Seamus Flynn". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2023.
^Kelland, Arianna (December 12, 2023). "Weeks before he died, Seamus Flynn made formal complaint about alleged prison assault". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
^Kelland, Arianna (December 20, 2023). "RNC broadens investigation into death of HMP inmate Seamus Flynn". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved December 26, 2023.
^Uncredited (December 20, 2023). "RNC Launches Investigation Into Death of Inmate at HMP". VOCM News. Retrieved December 26, 2023.
^Uncredited (December 20, 2023). "St, John's police investigating death of inmate". Saltwire. Retrieved December 26, 2023.
^Careen, Evan (December 21, 2023). "St. John's lawyer concerned about RNC and OCME working together on HMP inmate investigation". Saltwire. Retrieved December 26, 2023.
^Uncredited (December 25, 2023). "52-Year-Old Man Found Dead in Corner Brook Jail Cell". VOCM News. Retrieved December 26, 2023.
^Ubcredited (December 25, 2023). "52-year-old man taken into police custody in Corner Brook dies after found unresponsive in cell". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved December 26, 2023.
^Uncredited. "SIRT-NL invesrigating in-custody death in Corner Brook". Saltwire. Retrieved December 26, 2023.
^Uncredited (December 25, 2023). "SIRT-NL investigating man's death after arrest in Corner Brook". The Hamilton Spectator. Retrieved December 26, 2023.
^Kelland, Arianna (December 21, 2023). "Over $4M spent since 2007 on plans for a penitentiary that has never been built". pp. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
^Uncredited (December 20, 2023). "Government Promises to Break Ground on HMP Replacement in 2025". VOCM News. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
^Kelland, Arianna (February 20, 2024). "Defence lawyer calls for public inquiry into death of HMP inmate Seamus Flynn". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved February 21, 2024.
External links
Decades of Darkness: Moving Towards the Light - Report on prisons
