ISP block page translates to "Access to the resource is limited on the basis of the Federal Law of July 27, 2006 No. 149-FZ on Information, Information Technologies and Information Protection. Find out why."
A number of websites that maintain lists of banned websites are currently blocked in Russia, based on different sources of information.[3][4]
List
Prior to 2012
Blacklist entries as of June 2017 by agencies responsible for the entry In 2004 Russia pressured Lithuania, and in 2006 Sweden, into shutting down the Kavkaz Center website, a site that supports creation of a Sharia state in North Caucasus and hosts videos of terrorist attacks on Russian forces in the North Caucasus.[5][6]
During the December 2008 demonstrations in Vladivostok,[7] it was reported by the Kontury news website that FSB officers bbc issued a request that moderators of the ru_auto Internet community remove stories about the protests. The major reason, as reported by a moderator of the resource, was that repeating posts containing information about the protests worsened people's attitudes. The moderator in question requested bloggers to publish only unique posts about protest actions.[8]
In December 2009, Russian-based Internet provider Yota, with over 100,000 subscribers[9] blocked access to some Russian opposition Internet resources for its Moscow-based subscribers for a few days. This occurred after the chief prosecutor of St. Petersburg recommended that the company prevent access to extremist resources. The only Internet resource listed as extremist by the Ministry of Justice of Russia at the time was that of the Caucasian separatists, KavkazCenter.ru. Since the evening of 6 December 2009, Yota allowed access to all previously blocked resources except KavkazCenter.ru.[10][11]
2012
On 8 April 2012, it was confirmed by Roskomnadzor that several Russian and English Wikipedia articles had been blacklisted.[12]
In July 2012, the Russian State Duma passed the Bill 89417-6, which provided a blacklist of Internet sites.[13][14] The blacklist was officially launched in November 2012, despite criticism by major websites and NGOs.[15]
The IP address of Lurkmore.to (Lurkomorye) was blocked on 11 November 2012 after a decision of the Federal Drug Control Service of Russia; the owner of the site told journalists he did not receive any communication from Roskomnadzor or the Federal Drug Control Service before the IP address was blacklisted.[16][17] Lurkmore.to was removed from the blacklist on 13 November 2012 after the website administrators deleted two marijuana-related articles.[18]
The IP address of the Librusec online library was blacklisted on 11 November 2012.[19] According to a leaked copy of the blacklist, it was blocked for a description of marijuana soup in a Russian translation of The Anarchist Cookbook.[20] The IP address was unblocked on 13 November after The Anarchist Cookbook was removed by Librusec administrators.[21][22]
2013
On 31 March 2013, The New York Times reported that Russia was "Selectively Blocking [the] Internet".[23]
On 5 April 2013, a spokesperson for Roskomnadzor confirmed that the Russian Wikipedia had been blacklisted because of the article, "Cannabis smoking".[24][25]
2014
In March 2014, in the midst of the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, the LiveJournal blog of Alexei Navalny, Kasparov.ru and Grani.ru were blocked by the government. These sites, which opposed the Russian government, were blocked for "making calls for unlawful activity and participation in mass events held with breaches of public order."[26]
On 2 December 2014, the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation banned jw.org.
In August 2014, a number of websites were blocked as the war in Donbass developed, including the Ukrainian news site Glavnoe.ua,[27] a survey about the separation of the Caucasus from Russia[28] and numerous announcements and commentaries about the "march for Siberia federalisation".[29]
In 2014, a media blackout was launched against a performance art project called Monstration scheduled for 17 August. Roskomnadzor issued warnings to fourteen media outlets for reporting the announcement.[30] The project was compared to Euromaidan, which led to the 2014 Ukrainian revolution.
In October 2014 Roskomnadzor blocked the Internet Archive's Wayback Machine site, well known for its Archive.org website.[31] A number of websites listing blocked addresses was also blocked, including such as Zapretno.info.
In October and December 2014, a popular source code repository, GitHub, was temporarily blocked for hosting a page containing (mostly) satirical suicide instructions, frequently used to troll the Russian censorship system.[32]
In December 2014 a Facebook page protesting an event against the prosecution of Alexey Navalny was blocked in the Russian Federation. A Roskomnadzor representative stated that the page was blocked because it promoted an "unsanctioned mass event".[33]
Popular opposition websites encouraging protests against the court rulings in Bolotnaya Square case were blocked for "calling for illegal action"; Dumb Ways to Die, a public transport safety video, was blocked as "suicide propaganda"; websites discussing federalization of Siberia—as "attack on the foundations of the constitution"; an article on a gay activist being fired from job as well as LGBT support communities—as "propaganda of non-traditional sex relations"; publishing Pussy Riot logo—as "insult of the feelings of believers"; criticism of overspending of local governor—"disrespect of the authorities"; publishing a poem in support of Ukraine—"inciting hatred"[34][35]
2015
In January 2015, a number of Bitcoin related websites were blocked (including bitcoin.org) because "it contributes to shadow economy".[36] In February, Bitstamp was unblocked.[37]
In February 2015, Russia blacklisted "Children-404", a website providing Russia's LGBT teens with an outlet to anonymously share their personal experiences with one another, for allegedly violating the country's law against promoting homosexuality.[38]
An on-line article by Yulia Latynina in Novaya Gazeta was blocked for unspecified "extremism", most likely a suggestion that "Russian culture only became great when it mixed with European".[39]
After the Russian consumer protection watchdog OZPP published a warning for Russian tourists about possibility of being denied EU visas after visiting Crimea,[40] explaining that from the international law point of view Crimea is an occupied territory, Roskomnadzor blocked the OZPP's website "for threatening territorial integrity of the Russian Federation".[41]
In June 2015, some ISPs blocked the Internet Archive entirely following an order to censor an archived page for containing "extremist" material. These blocks were a side effect of the site's use of HTTPS possibly being incompatible with how ISPs implement their filters.[42]
On 21 July 2015 the official website of Jehovah's Witnesses was banned throughout the Russian Federation. Jehovah's Witnesses say that the motion to ban them was originally filed on 7 August 2013[43] but was overturned after they voluntarily removed certain publications from the version of the site presented to Russian IP addresses.[44] However, on 2 December 2014 the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation overturned the Regional Court, stating that the Witnesses might choose to reinstate the materials they had volunteered to remove.[45]
On 12 August 2015 the whole of Reddit was blocked in Russia by Roskomnadzor because of a post made by a Reddit user on the site. The post is a guide for growing Psilocybe mushrooms. The block was lifted the next day after Reddit complied with Roskomnadzor's demand of blocking access from users in Russia to the specific post.[46][47]
As of August 2015[update], 4 Wikipedia articles remain blocked in Russia, and more than 25 were blocked for some time. Most of these articles are related to drugs and suicide.[48]
On 25 January 2016 Rutracker.org, the biggest torrent tracker in Russia and CIS countries, with about 13 million users, was permanently blocked by Roskomnadzor as a result of a decision of the Moscow City Court.[49]
On 4 August 2016, a Moscow court ruled that LinkedIn must be blocked in Russia because it stores the user data of Russian citizens outside of the country, in violation of the new data retention law. This ban was upheld on 10 November 2016.[51] and the ban was officially issued by Roskomnadzor on 17 November 2016.[52]
In 2017 an image of Putin as a "gay clown" was added as item 4071 on Russia's Federal List of Extremist Material,[56] as a result of a 2016 legal case against social media activist A. V. Tsvetkov.[57]
2018
On 13 April 2018, messaging service Telegram was banned by court order for refusing to grant the Federal Security Service (FSB) access to encrypted user communications.[58][59] The ban has been enforced via the blockage of over 15.8 million IP addresses. IPs associated with Amazon Web Services and Google Cloud Platform are included in the block, due to Telegram's use of these platforms; this measure resulted in collateral damage due to usage of the platforms by other services in the country, including retail, Mastercard SecureCode, Mail.ru's TamTam messaging service, Twitch, and many other unknown websites being blocked for no reason for a month.[60][61]
2019
In August 2019 an interview with a Russian professor of philosophy about stoicism was blocked for alleged "propaganda of suicide"[62]
2020
In early 2020 Russia blocked several encrypted email services, including Proton Mail[63] (claiming it had been used to send fake, anonymous bomb threats),[64]Tutanota[65] and Mailfence[66]
On 3 December 2021, the Russian government became the major stakeholder in the Russian internet company VK MAILRq.L, which runs the country's most popular social network VKontakte, resulting in the then-CEO Boris Dobrodeev to step down.[68]
In December 2021, the anonymity network Tor was blocked to some users, but not for everyone as of December 20, 2021.[69] This includes the Tor website, public relays, and some bridges. Other bridges, including ones that route connections through Microsoft Azure and WebRTC remained unblocked.
2022
In March 2022, amid its invasion of Ukraine, Russia began to increasingly block international news outlets such as BBC News Russian, Deutsche Welle, and RFE/RL (including Current Time), and Twitter was "restricted". These actions are intended primarily to curtail the dissemination of information that is inconsistent with the Government of Russia's official positions and statements. Roskomnadzor also ordered that Facebook be blocked for its "discrimination toward Russian media", in retaliation for restricting the accessibility of pages for Russian state media outlets such as Russia Today.[70][71] Twitter launched an onion service in response.[72]
In September, Roskomnadzor blocked access to six articles hosted on Kyrgyz news platform 24.kg and Tajik outlet Payom which criticised the Russian invasion of Ukraine.[77]
2024
In October 2024, Russia banned Discord, following fines and a request to remove more than one thousand pages and channels. This ban negatively affected their military, who had been using it for front line communications.[78][79]
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