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Список железнодорожных происшествий в Соединенном Королевстве

В нем перечислены серьезные аварии с участием железнодорожного подвижного состава, в том числе аварии, пожары и случаи, когда экипаж терпел поражение от выбросов локомотивов. Другие инциденты, связанные с железной дорогой, такие как пожар на Кингс-Кросс в 1987 году или взрывы в Лондоне 7 июля 2005 года, не включены.

Худшие аварии

Самой страшной аварией стала железнодорожная катастрофа в Квинтинсхилле в Шотландии в 1915 году, в результате которой 226 человек погибли и 246 получили ранения. [a] Вторым по величине и худшим в Англии стала железнодорожная катастрофа в Харроу и Уэлдстоуне в 1952 году , в результате которой 112 человек погибли и 340 получили ранения. [1] Число погибших в результате железнодорожной катастрофы в Льюишеме в 1957 году составило 90 человек; для железнодорожной катастрофы в Арме в 1889 году (самой страшной в Северной Ирландии ) этот показатель составил 80; [2] а в случае катастрофы на мосту Тей в 1879 году — 75. Самой страшной железнодорожной аварией в Уэльсе стала железнодорожная катастрофа в Абергеле 1868 года , в результате которой погибло 33 человека.

Аварией в лондонском метро, ​​повлекшей за собой наибольшее число человеческих жертв, стала авария в трубе Моргейт , произошедшая на линии Северного города в 1975 году (которая в то время была частью сети лондонского метрополитена).

Магистральный рельс

1830–1922: Предварительная группировка

До 1830 года: железнодорожная катастрофа в Филадельфии в 1815 году , взрыв котла « Механического путешественника Брантона» на плато, погибли 16 человек, в основном экскурсанты.

1923–1947: Большая четверка (железнодорожные компании).

1948–1994: Британские железные дороги / железная дорога.

1995 onwards: Post-privatisation

There were 732 deaths from 146 accidents in 46 years when there was national rail provided by the state between 17 April 1948 and 15 October 1994. There were 92 deaths from 50 accidents in 28 years when there was privatised rail between 31 January 1995 and 24 August 2021.

London Underground

Despite its age and high usage, train related accidents which have involved passenger fatalities are exceptionally rare. The last major fatal collision was the Moorgate tube crash in 1975. Derailments in the period 2003–2004 killed no-one, although the Chancery Lane derailment in 2003 led to a closure of the Central line whilst urgent safety checks were undertaken.

Tram and light rail

Fatal accidents have occurred involving trams; the worst took place in Dover in 1917, when a tram ran away down a hill and overturned, killing 11 people and injuring 60. In 2016, a tram derailed on a sharp bend and overturned in Croydon, killing seven people and injuring 50.

Staff accidents

For much of the 19th and 20th centuries, working on the United Kingdom's railway was very dangerous for many staff. In 1900, for example, for every one passenger killed or injured in a crash, there were seven worker casualties. This amounted to 15,698 staff injuries and 631 fatalities.[373]

The 'Railway Work, Life & Death' project is uncovering details of British and Irish staff accidents before 1939 and making them freely available, via a database of transcriptions of staff accident investigations and other related records. At March 2023, the database documented nearly 50,000 individuals.[374]

The National Railway Museum has an online exhibit, looking at railway safety—with a focus on the staff.[375]

Gallery

See also

Notes

  1. ^ This total comprises 214 soldiers on the troop train, 9 passengers from the 2 passenger trains, 3 railway staff and 4 children, believed to be stowaways on the troop train. Col Druitt's official report into the accident gives the figure as 227 (he did not include the 4 children), but he compiled the report very soon after the accident and gave the number of troops killed as 215 which was later revised downwards by the army to 214, the figure which appears on the memorial in the Rosebank Cemetery in Edinburgh.

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Sources

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rail transport accidents in the United Kingdom.