In 2005, up to 3,167 webpages unrelated to North Korea were found to be blocked due to blocking IPs at the router level.[5]DNS tampering that prevents domain names to be resolved into correct IPs is also used.[7]
In addition to entire websites, it is possible to block accounts on social media,[1] and some 13 accounts have been blocked on Facebook, YouTube and Twitter,[3][8] including Uriminzokkiri's Twitter account.[1] Twitter, however, has proven impractical to censor because retweets of North Korean tweets by other users are not blocked.[9] Furthermore, any links to North Korean websites in the tweets are already blocked.[10] Individual contents of websites hosted in South Korea may also be deleted.[3] In 2010, South Korean website administrators were forced to delete 80,499 pro-North Korea messages.[11]
Blocking has increased from previous years.[2] According to Reporters Without Borders, blocking sharply intensified during Lee Myung-bak's presidency.[3] In OpenNet Initiative's 2006 test, the overwhelming majority of tested North Korean websites were blocked.[12] In 2007 and 2008, a significant number of tested North Korean sites remained blocked and blocking was consistent among Internet service providers.[7]
2014 list
The following North Korea-based or pro-North Korean websites were blocked in South Korea in 2014.[13]
^IP unavailable, discontinued or obsolete as of 3 June 2012[update].[15]
^Website unavailable, discontinued or obsolete as of 24 October 2011[update].[15]
^IP unavailable, discontinued or obsolete as of 24 October 2011[update].[15]
^Website unavailable, discontinued or obsolete as of 12 March 2012[update].[15]
^Website unavailable, discontinued or obsolete as of 24 October 2011[update].[15]
^Website unavailable, discontinued or obsolete as of 19 December 2010[update]. Not updated since 2009.[42]
References
^ a b c dSangwon Yoon (25 May 2011). "North Korea Uses Twitter For Propaganda Offensive". The Huffington Post. Kwang-tae Kim (AP). Associated Press. Archived from the original on 7 October 2014. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^ a b"South Korea". opennet.net. OpenNet Initiative. 6 August 2012. Archived from the original on 11 September 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^ a b c d e"South Korea". en.rsf.org. Reporters Without Borders. Archived from the original on 12 September 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^S.C.S. (10 February 2014). "Why South Korea is really an internet dinosaur". The Economist. Archived from the original on 13 September 2015. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
^ a b"OpenNet Initiative: Bulletin 009: Collateral Blocking: Filtering by South Korean Government of Pro-North Korean Websites". opennet.net. 31 January 2005. Archived from the original on 12 September 2016. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^ a bWeiser, Martin (31 October 2016). "On Reading North Korean Media: The Curse of the Web". Sino-NK. Archived from the original on 7 September 2017. Retrieved 23 July 2017.
^ a b"South Korea". OpenNet Initiative. 26 December 2010. Archived from the original on 6 June 2012. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^Lee Tae-hoon (9 September 2010). "Censorship on pro-NK websites tight". koreatimes. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^Martyn Williams (24 November 2012). "Retweeting DPRK lands activist with suspended sentance". North Korea Tech. Archived from the original on 10 December 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^Mok Yong Jae (25 August 2010). "Blocking Twitter/Facebook Not the Answer". Daily NK. Archived from the original on 10 December 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^"No. of police requests to delete pro-NK content leaps 45-fold". english.donga.com. 17 September 2011. Archived from the original on 10 December 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^"Internet Filtering in South Korea in 2006–2007". opennet.net. OpenNet Initiative. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^ a b c d"The North Korean Website List". North Korea Tech. 17 July 2014. Archived from the original on 23 December 2016. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
^"Air Koryo". North Korea Tech. 4 November 2012. Archived from the original on 7 October 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
^ a b c d e"Change log". North Korea Tech. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^"Chochong". North Korea Tech. 9 December 2010. Archived from the original on 4 October 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^"Cholsan Patent and Trademark Agency". North Korea Tech. 19 December 2010. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^"Chrongryon". North Korea Tech. 8 December 2010. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^"Choson Sinbo". North Korea Tech. 3 June 2012. Archived from the original on 6 October 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^"Elufa". North Korea Tech. 9 December 2010. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^"Faster Korea". North Korea Tech. 5 November 2012. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
^"Faster Korea". North Korea Tech. 19 December 2010. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^"Committee for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries". North Korea Tech. 11 January 2011. Archived from the original on 7 October 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
^"Great National Unity". North Korea Tech. 10 February 2013. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
^"Korea Education Fund". North Korea Tech. 5 May 2011. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
^"Korea Elderly Care Fund". North Korea Tech. 25 May 2011. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
^"Korea National Insurance Corporation". North Korea Tech. 10 June 2014. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
^"Korea News Service". North Korea Tech. 8 December 2010. Archived from the original on 7 October 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^"Korea Photo Service". North Korea Tech. 9 December 2010. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^"Korea Publication". North Korea Tech. 8 December 2010. Archived from the original on 7 October 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^"Korean Association of Cooks". North Korea Tech. 17 July 2014. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
^"Korean Central News Agency". North Korea Tech. 16 April 2011. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
^"Koryo PAT Rainbow". North Korea Tech. 19 December 2010. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^"Minjok Tongshin". North Korea Tech. 9 December 2010. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^ a b"Naenara". North Korea Tech. 12 March 2012. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
^ a b"National Democratic Front of South Korea". North Korea Tech. 9 December 2010. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^ a b"Anti-Imperialist National Democratic Front". North Korea Tech. 19 December 2010. Archived from the original on 4 October 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^"North Korea Books". North Korea Tech. 16 February 2011. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^Lee, Yoyjyung (5 April 2016). "UK journalist to appeal as Seoul blocks his site on N. Korea". AP. Archived from the original on 8 April 2016. Retrieved 14 April 2016.