The Far Eastern Federal District (Russian: Дальневосточный федеральный округ, IPA:[dəlʲnʲɪvɐˈstot͡ɕnɨjfʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨjˈokrʊk]) is the largest of the eight federal districts of Russia, but the least populated, with a population of around 8 million (73.6% urban) according to the 2021 Census. The federal district lies entirely within the easternmost part of Asia and is coextensive with the Russian Far East.
History
The Far Eastern Federal District was established on 13 May 2000 by PresidentVladimir Putin.[5] It is currently governed by presidential envoy Yury Trutnev. In November 2018, Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai were added to the federal district.[6] The seat of the Far Eastern Federal District was moved from Khabarovsk to Vladivostok in December 2018.[7]
On 15 July 2022, the first high-speed highway was opened in the Far Eastern Federal District. It united three federal highways – Ussuri (Khabarovsk–Vladivostok), Amur (Chita–Khabarovsk) and Vostok (Khabarovsk–Nakhodka), and connect the regional capital with Komsomolsk-on-Amur, as well as sites of the territory of the advancing socio-economic development (SAD).[8]
Demographics
Federal subjects
Largest cities with a population over 75,000
There are 82 cities in the Far Eastern Federal District, and 13 cities have populations over 75,000.
Only four of these 13 cities (Komsomolsk-on-Amur (7th) in Khabarovsk Krai, Ussuriysk (9th), Nakhodka (11th), Artyom (12th) in Primorsky Krai) are not administrative centres of a federal subject. Anadyr, the centre of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, is one of the smallest centres of a federal subject (it has only 13,045 inhabitants). Only Magas, the centre of Ingushetia, is smaller than Anadyr.
Artyom is a large suburb of the Vladivostok metropolitan area.[10]
According to a 2012 survey[11] 27.4% of the population of the current federal subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District (including Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai) adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church, 5.0% are unaffiliated generic Christians, 1.4% is an Orthodox believer without belonging to any church or adheres to other (non-Russian) Orthodox churches, 3.3% is an adherent of Buddhism, 0.7% is an adherent of Islam, and 2.2% adhere to some native faith such as Rodnovery, Tengrism, Yellow shamanism, or Black shamanism. In addition, 27.0% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", 23.5% is atheist, and 9.5% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question.[11]
Ethnicity
The ethnic composition, according to the 2021 census (after the integration of Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai in 2018) was:
^ a b"1.1. ОСНОВНЫЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ в 2014 г." [Main Socioeconomic Indicators 2014]. Regions of Russia. Socioeconomic indicators – 2015 (in Russian). Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
^"Provisional results of the 2020 All-Russian population census" (in Russian). Rosstat. 30 May 2022. Retrieved 30 May 2022.
^Валовой региональный продукт по субъектам Российской Федерации в 2016-2022 гг., rosstat.gov.ru
^"Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
^Putin, V. (13 May 2000). "Указ Президента Российской Федерации о полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе" [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation on the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Federal District] (in Russian). Retrieved 27 June 2024 – via Wikisource.
^"Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации". publication.pravo.gov.ru. Archived from the original on 5 February 2022. Retrieved 4 November 2018.
^"Путин перенес столицу Дальневосточного федерального округа во Владивосток". meduza.io. Retrieved 13 December 2018.
^"Доев Дмитрий: "Обход Хабаровска" – флагман дорожных концессий Группы "ВИС"". PRIMPRESS.RU (in Russian). Retrieved 30 March 2023.
^"Валовой региональный продукт". rosstat.gov.ru.
^Подписано соглашение о создании Владивостокской агломерации (in Russian)
^ a b c"Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia". Sreda, 2012.
^2012 Arena Atlas Religion Maps. "Ogonek", № 34 (5243), 27 August 2012. Retrieved 21 April 2017. Archived.
External links
Meeting of Frontiers: Siberia, Alaska, and the American West (includes materials on the Russian Far East) (in English and Russian)
Unofficial website of the Far Eastern Federal District (in Russian)