stringtranslate.com

Список крупнейших звезд

Ниже приведены списки крупнейших известных на данный момент звезд, упорядоченные по радиусу и разделенные на категории по галактикам. Единицей измерения является радиус Солнца (приблизительно 695 700  км ; 432 300  миль ). [1]

Солнце , орбита Земли , Юпитера и Нептуна в сравнении с четырьмя звездами ( Звезда Пистолет , Ро Кассиопеи , Бетельгейзе и VY Большого Пса ).

Обзор

Хотя красные сверхгиганты часто считаются самыми большими звездами, некоторые другие типы звезд, как было обнаружено, временно значительно увеличивают свой радиус, например, во время извержений LBV или светящихся красных новых . Светящиеся красные новые, по-видимому, расширяются чрезвычайно быстро, достигая тысяч или десятков тысяч солнечных радиусов всего за несколько месяцев, что значительно больше, чем у самых больших красных сверхгигантов. [2]

Некоторые исследования используют модели, которые предсказывают, что высокоаккрецирующие сверхмассивные звезды (SMS) Популяции III или Популяции I в очень ранней Вселенной могли бы развиться в «красных сверхгигантских протозвезд». Считается, что эти протозвезды имеют темпы аккреции, превышающие темпы сжатия, что приводит к более низким температурам, но с радиусами, достигающими многих десятков тысяч R ☉ , что сопоставимо с некоторыми из крупнейших известных черных дыр . [3] [4] [5]

Угловые диаметры

Угловые диаметры звезд можно измерить напрямую с помощью звездной интерферометрии . Другие методы могут использовать лунные покрытия или затменные двойные , которые можно использовать для проверки косвенных методов нахождения звездных радиусов. Только несколько сверхгигантов могут быть закрыты Луной, включая Антарес и 119 Тельца . Примерами затменных двойных являются Эпсилон Возничего (Алмааз), VV Цефея и V766 Центавра (HR 5171). Измерения углового диаметра могут быть непоследовательными, поскольку граница очень разреженной атмосферы ( непрозрачность ) отличается в зависимости от длины волны света, в которой наблюдается звезда . [ необходима цитата ]

Неопределенности остаются с составом и порядком списков, особенно при выводе различных параметров, используемых в расчетах, таких как звездная светимость и эффективная температура . Часто звездные радиусы могут быть выражены только как среднее значение или находиться в большом диапазоне значений. Значения звездных радиусов значительно различаются в разных источниках и для разных методов наблюдения. [ необходима цитата ]

Все размеры, указанные в этих списках, имеют неточности и могут быть оспорены. Списки все еще находятся в стадии разработки, и параметры могут измениться.

Предостережения

Существуют различные проблемы с определением точных радиусов крупнейших звезд, которые во многих случаях показывают значительные ошибки. Следующие списки, как правило, основаны на различных соображениях или предположениях; они включают:

Списки

В следующих списках показаны самые крупные известные звезды в зависимости от родительской галактики.

Млечный Путь

Магеллановы Облака

Галактики Андромеды (M31) и Треугольника (M33)

Другие галактики (внутри Местной группы)

За пределами Местной группы (внутри сверхскопления Девы)

За пределами сверхскопления Девы

Обратите внимание, что в этот список не включены кандидаты на роль темных звезд JWST с предполагаемыми радиусами до 61 астрономической единицы (13 000  R ☉ ) [138] или квазизвезды , теоретические модели которых предполагают, что они могут достигать радиусов до 40 700 солнечных радиусов (189 а.е.) [139] .

Переходные события

Во время некоторых кратковременных событий, таких как вспышки красных новых или извержения LBV, радиус звезды может значительно увеличиваться.

SN Progenitors

Largest stars by apparent size

The following list include the largest stars by their apparent size (angular diameter) as seen from Earth. The unit of measurement is the milliarcsecond (mas), equivalent to 10×10−3 arcseconds. Stars with angular diameters larger than 13 milliarcseconds are included.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f Methods for calculating the radius:
  2. ^ a b c d e f At the J2000 epoch
  3. ^ [9][10][11][12][13]
  4. ^ Using an angular diameter of 7.8±0.64 milliarcseconds[27] and a distance of 1610+130
    −110     parsecs.    [28]
  5. ^ Using an angular diameter of 14.11±0.6 milliarcseconds and a distance of 940+140
    −40     parsecs.
  6. ^ Luminosities are calculated using the apparent bolometric magnitude and distances in the following equation:
    100.4 • (4.74−(mbol+5−5 • log(dist)))
  7. ^ Legend:
    UD=Uniform disk diameter
    LD=Limb-darkened diameter
    Ross=Rosseland diameter
    Est = Estimated using distance and physical radius

References

  1. ^ Mamajek, E. E.; Prsa, A.; Torres, G.; Harmanec, P.; Asplund, M.; Bennett, P. D.; Capitaine, N.; Christensen-Dalsgaard, J.; Depagne, E.; Folkner, W. M.; Haberreiter, M. (October 2015). "IAU 2015 Resolution B3 on Recommended Nominal Conversion Constants for Selected Solar and Planetary Properties". arXiv:1510.07674 [astro-ph.SR].
  2. ^ Rau, A.; Kulkarni, S. R.; Ofek, E. O.; Yan, L. (2007). "Spitzer Observations of the New Luminous Red Nova M85 OT2006-1". The Astrophysical Journal. 659 (2): 1536–1540. arXiv:astro-ph/0612161. Bibcode:2007ApJ...659.1536R. doi:10.1086/512672. S2CID 8913778.
  3. ^ Haemmerlé, Lionel; Woods, T. E.; Klessen, Ralf S.; Heger, Alexander; Whalen, Daniel J. (2018). "The evolution of supermassive Population III stars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 474 (2): 2757–2773. arXiv:1705.09301. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2919.
  4. ^ Herrington, Nicholas P.; Whalen, Daniel J.; Woods, Tyrone E. (2023). "Modelling supermassive primordial stars with <SCP>mesa</SCP>". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 521: 463–473. arXiv:2208.00008. doi:10.1093/mnras/stad572.
  5. ^ Haemmerlé, L.; Klessen, R. S.; Mayer, L.; Zwick, L. (2021). "Maximum accretion rate of supermassive stars". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 652: L7. arXiv:2105.13373. Bibcode:2021A&A...652L...7H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141376. S2CID 235247984.
  6. ^ Levesque, Emily M.; Massey, Philip; Olsen, K. A. G.; Plez, Bertrand; Meynet, Georges; Maeder, Andre (July 2006). "The Effective Temperatures and Physical Properties of Magellanic Cloud Red Supergiants: The Effects of Metallicity". The Astrophysical Journal. 645 (2): 1102–1117. arXiv:astro-ph/0603596. Bibcode:2006ApJ...645.1102L. doi:10.1086/504417. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 5150686.
  7. ^ Ren, Yi; Jiang, Bi-Wei (July 2020). "On the Granulation and Irregular Variation of Red Supergiants". The Astrophysical Journal. 898 (1): 24. arXiv:2006.06605. Bibcode:2020ApJ...898...24R. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab9c17. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 250739134.
  8. ^ a b c d e f "HORIZONS Web-Interface". ssd.jpl.nasa.gov. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Levesque, Emily M.; Massey, Philip; Plez, Bertrand; Olsen, Knut A. G. (2009). "The Physical Properties of the Red Supergiant WOH G64: The Largest Star Known?". The Astronomical Journal. 137 (6): 4744. arXiv:0903.2260. Bibcode:2009AJ....137.4744L. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/137/6/4744. S2CID 18074349.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s de Wit, S.; Bonanos, A.Z.; Tramper, F.; Yang, M.; Maravelias, G.; Boutsia, K.; Britavskiy, N.; Zapartas, E. (2023). "Properties of luminous red supergiant stars in the Magellanic Clouds". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 669: 17. arXiv:2209.11239. Bibcode:2023A&A...669A..86D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243394. S2CID 252519285.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Levesque, E. M. (June 2010). The Physical Properties of Red Supergiants. Hot and Cool: Bridging Gaps in Massive Star Evolution ASP Conference Series. Vol. 425. p. 103. arXiv:0911.4720. Bibcode:2010ASPC..425..103L. S2CID 8921166.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Beasor, Emma R.; Smith, Nathan (1 May 2022). "The Extreme Scarcity of Dust-enshrouded Red Supergiants: Consequences for Producing Stripped Stars via Winds". The Astrophysical Journal. 933 (1): 41. arXiv:2205.02207. Bibcode:2022ApJ...933...41B. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac6dcf. S2CID 248512934.
  13. ^ a b c d e f Steven R. Goldman; Jacco Th. van Loon (2016). "The wind speeds, dust content, and mass-loss rates of evolved AGB and RSG stars at varying metallicity". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 465 (1): 403–433. arXiv:1610.05761. Bibcode:2017MNRAS.465..403G. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2708. S2CID 11352637.
  14. ^ a b c d e f Jones, Olivia; Woods, Paul; Kemper, Franziska; Kraemer, Elena; Sloan, G.; Srinivasan, Sivakrishnan; Oliveira, Joana; van Loon, Jacco; Boyer, Martha; Sargent, Benjamin; Mc Donald, I.; Meixner, Margaret; Zijlstra, A.; Ruffel, Paul; Lagadec, Eric; Pauly, Tyler (7 May 2017). "The SAGE-Spec Spitzer Legacy program: the life-cycle of dust and gas in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Point source classification – III". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 470 (3): 3250–3282. arXiv:1705.02709. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx1101. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h Levesque, Emily M.; Massey, Philip; Olsen, K. A. G.; Plez, Bertrand; Josselin, Eric; Maeder, Andre; Meynet, Georges (August 2005). "The Effective Temperature Scale of Galactic Red Supergiants: Cool, but Not As Cool As We Thought". The Astrophysical Journal. 628 (2): 973–985. arXiv:astro-ph/0504337. Bibcode:2005ApJ...628..973L. doi:10.1086/430901. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 15109583.
  16. ^ El-Badry, Kareem (22 April 2024). "On the formation of a 33 solar-mass black hole in a low-metallicity binary". The Open Journal of Astrophysics. 7: 38. arXiv:2404.13047. Bibcode:2024OJAp....7E..38E. doi:10.33232/001c.117652.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Humphreys, Roberta M.; Helmel, Greta; Jones, Terry J.; Gordon, Michael S. (August 2020). "Exploring the Mass Loss Histories of the Red Supergiants". The Astronomical Journal. 160 (3): 145. arXiv:2008.01108. Bibcode:2020AJ....160..145H. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abab15. S2CID 220961677.
  18. ^ a b Wittkowski, M.; Hauschildt, P. H.; Arroyo-Torres, B.; Marcaide, J. M. (April 2012). "Fundamental properties and atmospheric structure of the red supergiant VY Canis Majoris based on VLTI/AMBER spectro-interferometry". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 540: L12. arXiv:1203.5194. Bibcode:2012A&A...540L..12W. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219126. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 54044968.
  19. ^ a b Alcolea, J.; Bujarrabal, V.; Planesas, P.; Teyssier, D.; Cernicharo, J.; De Beck, E.; Decin, L.; Dominik, C.; Justtanont, K.; de Koter, A.; Marston, A. P.; Melnick, G.; Menten, K. M.; Neufeld, D. A.; Olofsson, H.; Schmidt, M.; Schöier, F. L.; Szczerba, R.; Waters, L. B. F. M. (November 2013). "HIFISTARS Herschel/HIFI observations of VY Canis Majoris. Molecular-line inventory of the envelope around the largest known star". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 559: 25. arXiv:1310.2400. Bibcode:2013A&A...559A..93A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321683. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 263787323.
  20. ^ Gordon, Michael S.; Jones, Terry J.; Humphreys, Roberta M.; Ertel, Steve; Hinz, Philip M.; Hoffman, William F.; Stone, Jordan; Spalding, Eckhart; Vaz, Amali (February 2019). "Thermal Emission in the Southwest Clump of VY CMa". The Astronomical Journal. 157 (2): 57. arXiv:1811.05998. Bibcode:2019AJ....157...57G. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaf5cb. S2CID 119044678.
  21. ^ Nguyen, Thinh H.; Guinan, Edward F. (11 January 2022). "Stars on the Verge: Analyses of the Complex Light Variations of the Hyper-luminous Red Supergiant VY Canis Majoris: On the Nature of the Star's "Great Dimming" Episodes". Research Notes of the AAS. 6 (1): 12. Bibcode:2022RNAAS...6...12N. doi:10.3847/2515-5172/ac4991. ISSN 2515-5172.
  22. ^ a b Arroyo-Torres, B.; Wittkowski, M.; Marcaide, J. M.; Hauschildt, P. H. (June 2013). "The atmospheric structure and fundamental parameters of the red supergiants AH Scorpii, UY Scuti, and KW Sagittarii". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 554: A76. arXiv:1305.6179. Bibcode:2013A&A...554A..76A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220920. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 73575062.
  23. ^ a b c d e f g h Montargès, M.; et al. (5 January 2023). "The VLT/SPHERE view of the ATOMIUM cool evolved star sample. I. Overview: Sample characterization through polarization analysis". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 671: A96. arXiv:2301.02081. Bibcode:2023A&A...671A..96M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202245398. S2CID 255440600.
  24. ^ a b c d e f g Norris, Ryan Patrick (13 December 2019). Seeing stars like never before: A long-term interferometric imaging survey of red supergiants. Physics and Astronomy Dissertations (Thesis). Georgia State University. Bibcode:2019PhDT........63N. doi:10.57709/15009706.
  25. ^ a b Tabernero, H. M.; Dorda, R.; Negueruela, I.; Marfil, E. (February 2021). "The nature of VX Sagitarii: Is it a TŻO, a RSG, or a high-mass AGB star?". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 646: A98. arXiv:2011.09184. Bibcode:2021A&A...646A..98T. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039236. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 241206934.
  26. ^ a b c d e Wing, Robert F. (September 2009). The Biggest Stars of All. The Biggest, Baddest, Coolest Stars ASP Conference Series. Vol. 412. p. 113. Bibcode:2009ASPC..412..113W. S2CID 117001990.
  27. ^ a b Richichi, A.; Percheron, I.; Khristoforova, M. (1 February 2005). "CHARM2: An updated Catalog of High Angular Resolution Measurements". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 431 (2): 773–777. Bibcode:2005A&A...431..773R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20042039. ISSN 0004-6361. Data about NML Cygni (IRC +40448) is found here at VizieR.
  28. ^ Zhang, B.; Reid, M. J.; Menten, K. M.; Zheng, X. W.; Brunthaler, A. (2012). "The distance and size of the red hypergiant NML Cygni from VLBA and VLA astrometry" (PDF). Astronomy & Astrophysics. 544: A42. arXiv:1207.1850. Bibcode:2012A&A...544A..42Z. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219587. S2CID 55509287.
  29. ^ Fok, Thomas K. T.; Nakashima, Jun-ichi; Yung, Bosco H. K.; Hsia, Chih-Hao; Deguchi, Shuji (November 2012). "Maser Observations of Westerlund 1 and Comprehensive Considerations on Maser Properties of Red Supergiants Associated with Massive Clusters". The Astrophysical Journal. 760 (1): 65. arXiv:1209.6427. Bibcode:2012ApJ...760...65F. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/760/1/65. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 53393926.
  30. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc Healy, Sarah; Horiuchi, Shunsaku; Molla, Marta Colomer; Milisavljevic, Dan; Tseng, Jeff; Bergin, Faith; Weil, Kathryn; Tanaka, Masaomi (23 March 2024). "Red Supergiant Candidates for Multimessenger Monitoring of the Next Galactic Supernova". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 529 (4): 3630–3650. arXiv:2307.08785. Bibcode:2024MNRAS.529.3630H. doi:10.1093/mnras/stae738. ISSN 0035-8711.
  31. ^ Josselin, E.; Plez, B. (July 2007). "Atmospheric dynamics and the mass loss process in red supergiant stars". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 469 (2): 671–680. arXiv:0705.0266. Bibcode:2007A&A...469..671J. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20066353. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 17789027.
  32. ^ "Mu Cephei | aavso". www.aavso.org. Retrieved 6 October 2024.
  33. ^ Kusuno, K.; Asaki, Y.; Imai, H.; Oyama, T. (2013). "Distance and Proper Motion Measurement of the Red Supergiant, Pz Cas, in Very Long Baseline Interferometry H2O Maser Astrometry". The Astrophysical Journal. 774 (2): 107. arXiv:1308.3580. Bibcode:2013ApJ...774..107K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/774/2/107. S2CID 118867155.
  34. ^ a b c d e Ryan Norris. "Student Science at NMT: Learning Optical Interferometry Through Projects on Evolved Stars" (PDF). CHARA.
  35. ^ a b c d Arévalo, Aura de Las Estrellas Ramírez (July 2018). The Red Supergiants in the Supermassive Stellar Cluster Westerlund 1 (text thesis). University of São Paulo. doi:10.11606/D.14.2019.tde-12092018-161841.
  36. ^ Gvaramadze, V. V.; Menten, K. M.; Kniazev, A. Y.; Langer, N.; Mackey, J.; Kraus, A.; Meyer, D. M. -A.; Kamiński, T. (January 2014). "IRC −10414: a bow-shock-producing red supergiant star". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 437 (1): 843–856. arXiv:1310.2245. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.437..843G. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1943. ISSN 0035-8711.
  37. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Vallenari, A.; Brown, A. G. A.; Prusti, T. (13 June 2022). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 674. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. hdl:10902/30704. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 244398875.
  38. ^ Tsuboi, Masato; Kitamura, Yoshimi; Tsutsumi, Takahiro; Miyawaki, Ryosuke; Miyoshi, Makoto; Miyazaki, Atsushi (April 2020). "Sub-millimeter detection of a Galactic center cool star IRS 7 by ALMA". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 72 (2): 36. arXiv:2002.01620. Bibcode:2020PASJ...72...36T. doi:10.1093/pasj/psaa013. ISSN 0004-6264.
  39. ^ Guerço, Rafael; Smith, Verne V; Cunha, Katia; Ekström, Sylvia; Abia, Carlos; Plez, Bertrand; Meynet, Georges; Ramirez, Solange V; Prantzos, Nikos; Sellgren, Kris; Hayes, Cristian R; Majewski, Steven R (13 September 2022). "Evidence of deep mixing in IRS 7, a cool massive supergiant member of the Galactic nuclear star cluster". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 516 (2): 2801–2811. arXiv:2208.10529. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2393. ISSN 0035-8711.
  40. ^ Rodríguez-Coira, G.; Gravity Collaboration (2021). "The Molecular Layer of GCIRS7". New Horizons in Galactic Center Astronomy and Beyond. 528: 397. Bibcode:2021ASPC..528..397R.
  41. ^ Van Loon, J. Th.; Cioni, M.-R. L.; Zijlstra, A. A.; Loup, C. (18 April 2005). "An empirical formula for the mass-loss rates of dust-enshrouded red supergiants and oxygen-rich Asymptotic Giant Branch stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 438 (1): 273–289. arXiv:astro-ph/0504379. Bibcode:2005A&A...438..273V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20042555. S2CID 16724272.
  42. ^ "GCVS: "==WY Vel"". VizieR. General Catalogue of Variable Stars @ Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
  43. ^ Norris, Ryan (27 February 2021). "An Interferometric Imaging Survey of Red Supergiant Stars". The 20.5Th Cambridge Workshop on Cool Stars: 263. Bibcode:2021csss.confE.263N. doi:10.5281/zenodo.4567641.
  44. ^ a b Anugu, Narsireddy; Gies, Douglas R.; Roettenbacher, Rachael M.; Monnier, John D.; Montargés, Miguel; Mérand, Antoine; Baron, Fabien; Schaefer, Gail H.; Shepard, Katherine A.; Kraus, Stefan; Anderson, Matthew D.; Codron, Isabelle; Gardner, Tyler; Gutierrez, Mayra; Köhler, Rainer (September 2024). "Time Evolution Images of the Hypergiant RW Cephei during the Rebrightening Phase Following the Great Dimming". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 973 (1): L5. arXiv:2408.11906. Bibcode:2024ApJ...973L...5A. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad736c. ISSN 2041-8205.
  45. ^ Davies, B.; Figer, D. F.; Law, C. J.; Kudritzki, R. P.; Najarro, F.; Herrero, A.; MacKenty, J. W. (2008). "The Cool Supergiant Population of the Massive Young Star Cluster RSGC1". The Astrophysical Journal. 676 (2): 1016–1028. arXiv:0711.4757. Bibcode:2008ApJ...676.1016D. doi:10.1086/527350. S2CID 15639297.
  46. ^ Decin, Leen; Richards, Anita M. S.; Marchant, Pablo; Sana, Hugues (2024). "ALMA detection of CO rotational line emission in red supergiant stars of the massive young star cluster RSGC1". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 681: A17. arXiv:2303.09385. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244635.
  47. ^ Massalkhi, S.; Agúndez, M.; Cernicharo, J. (August 2019). "Study of CS, SiO, and SiS abundances in carbon star envelopes: assessing their role as gas-phase precursors of dust". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 628: A62. arXiv:1906.09461. Bibcode:2019A&A...628A..62M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935069. ISSN 0004-6361. PMC 6739229. PMID 31511746.
  48. ^ van Genderen, A. M.; Lobel, A.; Nieuwenhuijzen, H.; Henry, G. W.; De Jager, C.; Blown, E.; Di Scala, G.; Van Ballegoij, E. J. (2019). "Pulsations, eruptions, and evolution of four yellow hypergiants". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 631: A48. arXiv:1910.02460. Bibcode:2019A&A...631A..48V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834358. S2CID 203836020.
  49. ^ a b c d Comerón, F.; Djupvik, A. A.; Schneider, N.; Pasquali, A. (27 September 2020). "The historical record of massive star formation in Cygnus". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2009: A62. arXiv:2009.12779. Bibcode:2020A&A...644A..62C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039188. S2CID 221970180.
  50. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Ramstedt, S.; Olofsson, H. (25 May 2014). "The 12CO/13CO ratio in AGB stars of different chemical type. Connection to the 12C/13C ratio and the evolution along the AGB". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 566: A145. arXiv:1405.6404. Bibcode:2014A&A...566A.145R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201423721. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 59125036.
  51. ^ Turner, David G.; Rohanizadegan, Mina; Berdnikov, Leonid N.; Pastukhova, Elena N. (November 2006). "The Long-Term Behavior of the Semiregular M Supergiant Variable BC Cygni". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 118 (849): 1533–1544. Bibcode:2006PASP..118.1533T. doi:10.1086/508905. ISSN 0004-6280. S2CID 121309425.
  52. ^ Messineo, Maria; Figer, Donald F.; Kudritzki, Rolf-Peter; Zhu, Qingfeng; Menten, Karl M.; Ivanov, Valentin D.; Chen, C. -H. Rosie (2021). "New Infrared Spectral Indices of Luminous Cold Stars: From Early K to M Types". The Astronomical Journal. 162 (5): 187. arXiv:2107.03707. Bibcode:2021AJ....162..187M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac116b. S2CID 235765247.
  53. ^ a b c d Bergeat, J.; Chevallier, L. (January 2005). "The mass loss of C-rich giants". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 429: 235–246. arXiv:astro-ph/0601366. Bibcode:2005A&A...429..235B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041280. S2CID 56424665.
  54. ^ González-Torà, G.; Wittkowski, M.; Davies, B.; Plez, B. (19 December 2023). "The effect of winds on atmospheric layers of red supergiants II. Modelling VLTI/GRAVITY and MATISSE observations of AH Sco, KW Sgr, V602 Car, CK Car and V460 Car". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 683: A19. arXiv:2312.12521. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348047. ISSN 0004-6361.
  55. ^ Hopkins, Jeffrey L.; Bennett, Philip D.; Pollmann, Ernst (2015). "VV Cephei Eclipse Campaign 2017/19". The Society for Astronomical Sciences 34th Annual Symposium on Telescope Science. Published by Society for Astronomical Sciences. 34: 83. Bibcode:2015SASS...34...83H.
  56. ^ Wright, K. O. (1 April 1977). "The System of VV Cephei Derived from an Analysis of the Hα Line". Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada. 71: 152. Bibcode:1977JRASC..71..152W. ISSN 0035-872X.
  57. ^ Hack, M.; Engin, S.; Yilmaz, N.; Sedmak, G.; Rusconi, L.; Boehm, C. (1 November 1992). "Spectroscopic study of the atmospheric eclipsing binary VV Cephei". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 95: 589–601. Bibcode:1992A&AS...95..589H. ISSN 0365-0138.
  58. ^ a b De, Kishalay; Mereminskiy, Ilya; Soria, Roberto; Conroy, Charlie; Kara, Erin; Anand, Shreya; Ashley, Michael C. B.; Boyer, Martha L.; Chakrabarty, Deepto; Grefenstette, Brian; Hankins, Matthew J.; Hillenbrand, Lynne A.; Jencson, Jacob E.; Karambelkar, Viraj; Kasliwal, Mansi M. (1 August 2022). "SRGA J181414.6-225604: A New Galactic Symbiotic X-Ray Binary Outburst Triggered by an Intense Mass-loss Episode of a Heavily Obscured Mira Variable". The Astrophysical Journal. 935 (1): 36. arXiv:2205.09139. Bibcode:2022ApJ...935...36D. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac7c6e. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 248887540.
  59. ^ a b Siderud, Emelie (2020). Dust emission modelling of AGB stars.
  60. ^ a b Messineo, Maria (18 January 2023). "Identification of late-type Class I stars using Gaia DR3 Apsis parameters". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 671: A148. arXiv:2301.07415. Bibcode:2023A&A...671A.148M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202245587. S2CID 256486848.
  61. ^ a b c d e f g h i Danilovich, T.; Teyssier, D.; Justtanont, K.; Olofsson, H.; Cerrigone, L.; Bujarrabal, V.; Alcolea, J.; Cernicharo, J.; Castro-Carrizo, A.; García-Lario, P.; Marston, A. (1 September 2015). "New observations and models of circumstellar CO line emission of AGB stars in the Herschel SUCCESS programme". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 581: A60. arXiv:1506.09065. Bibcode:2015A&A...581A..60D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201526705. ISSN 0004-6361.
  62. ^ a b Lombaert, R.; Decin, L.; Royer, P.; de Koter, A.; Cox, N. L. J.; González-Alfonso, E.; Neufeld, D.; De Ridder, J.; Agúndez, M.; Blommaert, J. A. D. L.; Khouri, T. (April 2016). "Constraints on the H2O formation mechanism in the wind of carbon-rich AGB stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 588: A124. arXiv:1601.07017. Bibcode:2016A&A...588A.124L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527049. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 62787287.
  63. ^ Natale, G.; Rea, N.; Lazzati, D.; Perna, R.; Torres, D. F.; Girart, J. M. (25 January 2017). "Dust Radiative Transfer Modeling of the Infrared Ring around the Magnetar SGR 1900+14". The Astrophysical Journal. 837 (1): 10. arXiv:1701.07442. Bibcode:2017ApJ...837....9N. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa5c82. S2CID 119213779.
  64. ^ a b Schöier, F. L.; Ramstedt, S.; Olofsson, H.; Lindqvist, M.; Bieging, J. H.; Marvel, K. B. (February 2013). "The abundance of HCN in circumstellar envelopes of AGB stars of different chemical types". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 550: A78. arXiv:1301.2129. Bibcode:2013A&A...550A..78S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220400. ISSN 0004-6361.
  65. ^ a b c d Van Belle, G. T.; Thompson, R. R.; Creech-Eakman, M. J. (2002). "Angular Size Measurements of Mira Variable Stars at 2.2 Microns. II". The Astronomical Journal. 124 (3): 1706–1715. arXiv:astro-ph/0210167. Bibcode:2002AJ....124.1706V. doi:10.1086/342282. S2CID 33832649.
  66. ^ a b Blum, R. D.; Ramírez, Solange V.; Sellgren, K.; Olsen, K. (3 July 2003). "Really Cool Stars and the Star Formation History at the Galactic Center". The Astrophysical Journal. 597 (1): 323–346. arXiv:astro-ph/0307291. Bibcode:2003ApJ...597..323B. doi:10.1086/378380. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 5664467.
  67. ^ Baron, F.; Monnier, J. D.; Kiss, L. L.; Neilson, H. R.; Zhao, M.; Anderson, M.; Aarnio, A.; Pedretti, E.; Thureau, N.; ten Brummelaar, T. A.; Ridgway, S. T. (April 2014). "CHARA/MIRC Observations of Two M Supergiants in Perseus OB1: Temperature, Bayesian Modeling, and Compressed Sensing Imaging". The Astrophysical Journal. 785 (1): 46. arXiv:1405.4032. Bibcode:2014ApJ...785...46B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/785/1/46. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 17085548.
  68. ^ Wallstrom, S. H. J.; et al. (7 December 2023). "ATOMIUM: Molecular inventory of 17 oxygen-rich evolved stars observed with ALMA". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 681: A50. arXiv:2312.03467. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202347632.
  69. ^ Ohnaka, K.; Hofmann, K. -H.; Schertl, D.; Weigelt, G.; Baffa, C.; Chelli, A.; Petrov, R.; Robbe-Dubois, S. (July 2013). "High spectral resolution imaging of the dynamical atmosphere of the red supergiant Antares in the CO first overtone lines with VLTI/AMBER". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 555: A24. arXiv:1304.4800. Bibcode:2013A&A...555A..24O. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321063. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 56396587.
  70. ^ a b c d e Hoffleit, D.; Warren, W. H. Jr. (November 1995). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Bright Star Catalogue, 5th Revised Ed. (Hoffleit+, 1991)". VizieR Online Data Catalog: V/50. Bibcode:1995yCat.5050....0H.
  71. ^ Mittag, M.; Schröder, K. -P.; Perdelwitz, V.; Jack, D.; Schmitt, J. H. M. M. (1 January 2023), "Chromospheric activity and photospheric variation of α Ori during the great dimming event in 2020", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 669: A9, arXiv:2211.04967, Bibcode:2023A&A...669A...9M, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244924, ISSN 0004-6361
  72. ^ a b c Joyce, Meridith; Leung, Shing-Chi; Molnár, László; Ireland, Michael; Kobayashi, Chiaki; Nomoto, Ken'ichi (October 2020). "Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: New Mass and Distance Estimates for Betelgeuse through Combined Evolutionary, Asteroseismic, and Hydrodynamic Simulations with MESA". The Astrophysical Journal. 902 (1): 63. arXiv:2006.09837. Bibcode:2020ApJ...902...63J. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abb8db. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 221507952.
  73. ^ MacLeod, Morgan; Blunt, Sarah; De Rosa, Robert J.; Dupree, Andrea K.; Granzer, Thomas; Harper, Graham M.; Huang, Caroline D.; Leiner, Emily M.; Loeb, Abraham (17 September 2024). "Radial Velocity and Astrometric Evidence for a Close Companion to Betelgeuse". arXiv.org. doi:10.48550/arxiv.2409.11332. Retrieved 5 October 2024.
  74. ^ Mittag, M.; Schröder, K. -P.; Perdelwitz, V.; Jack, D.; Schmitt, J. H. M. M. (January 2023). "Chromospheric activity and photospheric variation of α Ori during the great dimming event in 2020". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 669: 18. arXiv:2211.04967. Bibcode:2023A&A...669A...9M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244924. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 253406622.
  75. ^ Montargès, M.; Norris, R.; Chiavassa, A.; Tessore, B.; Lèbre, A.; Baron, F. (June 2018). "The convective photosphere of the red supergiant CE Tau. I. VLTI/PIONIER H-band interferometric imaging". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 614: A12. arXiv:1802.06086. Bibcode:2018A&A...614A..12M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731471. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 118950270.
  76. ^ Anugu, Narsireddy; et al. (7 August 2024). "CHARA Near-Infrared Imaging of the Yellow Hypergiant Star ρ Cassiopeiae: Convection Cells and Circumstellar Envelope". arXiv:2408.02756v2 [astro-ph.SR].
  77. ^ Schmidt, M. R.; He, J. H.; Szczerba, R.; Bujarrabal, V.; Alcolea, J.; Cernicharo, J.; Decin, L.; Justtanont, K.; Teyssier, D.; Menten, K. M.; Neufeld, D. A.; Olofsson, H.; Planesas, P.; Marston, A. P.; Sobolev, A. M. (August 2016). "Herschel /HIFI observations of the circumstellar ammonia lines in IRC+10216". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 592: A131. arXiv:1606.01878. Bibcode:2016A&A...592A.131S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527290. ISSN 0004-6361. PMC 5217166. PMID 28065983.
  78. ^ Nieuwenhuijzen, H.; De Jager, C.; Kolka, I.; Israelian, G.; Lobel, A.; Zsoldos, E.; Maeder, A.; Meynet, G. (1 October 2012). "The hypergiant HR 8752 evolving through the yellow evolutionary void". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 546: A105. Bibcode:2012A&A...546A.105N. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201117166. ISSN 0004-6361.
  79. ^ Groenewegen, M. A. T. (2020). "Analysing the spectral energy distributions of Galactic classical Cepheids". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 635: A33. arXiv:2002.02186. Bibcode:2020A&A...635A..33G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937060. S2CID 211043995.
  80. ^ Kamiński, Tomek; Tylenda, Romuald; Kiljan, Aleksandra; Schmidt, Mirek; Lisiecki, Krzysztof; Melis, Carl; Frankowski, Adam; Joshi, Vishal; Menten, Karl M. (1 November 2021). "V838 Monocerotis as seen by ALMA: A remnant of a binary merger in a triple system". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 655: A32. arXiv:2106.07427. Bibcode:2021A&A...655A..32K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141526. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 235422695.
  81. ^ a b Tylenda, R. (1 June 2005). "Evolution of V838 Monocerotis during and after the 2002 eruption". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 436 (3): 1009–1020. arXiv:astro-ph/0502060. Bibcode:2005A&A...436.1009T. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20052800. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 3566688.
  82. ^ Najarro, Francisco; Figer, Don F.; Hillier, D. John; Geballe, T. R.; Kudritzki, Rolf P. (February 2009). "Metallicity in the Galactic Center: The Quintuplet Cluster". The Astrophysical Journal. 691 (2): 1816–1827. arXiv:0809.3185. Bibcode:2009ApJ...691.1816N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/691/2/1816. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 15473563.
  83. ^ Libert, Y.; Gerard, E.; Le Bertre, T. (10 September 2007). "The formation of a detached shell around the carbon star Y CVn". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 380 (3): 1161–1171. arXiv:0706.4211. Bibcode:2007MNRAS.380.1161L. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.12154.x.
  84. ^ Woodruff, H. C.; Eberhardt, M.; Driebe, T.; Hofmann, K.-H.; Ohnaka, K.; Richichi, A.; Schertl, D.; Schöller, M.; Scholz, M.; Weigelt, G.; Wittkowski, M.; Wood, P. R. (July 2004). "Interferometric observations of the Mira star o Ceti with the VLTI/VINCI instrument in the near-infrared". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 421 (2): 703–714. arXiv:astro-ph/0404248. Bibcode:2004A&A...421..703W. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20035826. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 17009595.
  85. ^ a b c Ohnaka, Keiichi; Weigelt, Gerd; Hofmann, Karl-Heinz (24 September 2019). "Infrared interferometric three-dimensional diagnosis of the atmospheric dynamics of the AGB star R Dor with VLTI/AMBER". The Astrophysical Journal. 883 (1): 89. arXiv:1908.06997. Bibcode:2019ApJ...883...89O. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab3d2a. ISSN 1538-4357. S2CID 201103617.
  86. ^ a b Moravveji, Ehsan; Guinan, Edward F.; Khosroshahi, Habib; Wasatonic, Rick (December 2013). "The Age and Mass of the α Herculis Triple-star System from a MESA Grid of Rotating Stars with 1.3". The Astronomical Journal. 146 (6): 148. arXiv:1308.1632. Bibcode:2013AJ....146..148M. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/146/6/148. ISSN 0004-6256. S2CID 117872505.
  87. ^ Clark, J. S.; Najarro, F.; Negueruela, I.; Ritchie, B. W.; Urbaneja, M. A.; Howarth, I. D. (May 2012). "On the nature of the galactic early-B hypergiants". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 541: A145. arXiv:1202.3991. Bibcode:2012A&A...541A.145C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201117472. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 11978733.
  88. ^ Harper, Graham M.; Bennett, Philip D.; Brown, Alexander; Ayres, Thomas R.; Ohnaka, Keiichi; Griffin, Elizabeth (2022). "HST STIS Observations of ζ Aurigae A's Irradiated Atmosphere". The Astronomical Journal. 164 (1): 16. Bibcode:2022AJ....164...16H. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac6feb. S2CID 250101470.
  89. ^ Schiller, F.; Przybilla, N. (March 2008). "Quantitative spectroscopy of Deneb". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 479 (3): 849–858. arXiv:0712.0040. Bibcode:2008A&A...479..849S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078590. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 103635615.
  90. ^ a b McDonald, I.; Zijlstra, A. A.; Watson, R. A. (1 October 2017), "Fundamental parameters and infrared excesses of Tycho-Gaia stars", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 471 (1): 770–791, arXiv:1706.02208, Bibcode:2017MNRAS.471..770M, doi:10.1093/mnras/stx1433, ISSN 0035-8711 Note: See VizieR catalogue
  91. ^ Gull, Theodore R.; Hillier, D. John; Hartman, Henrik; Corcoran, Michael F.; Damineli, Augusto; Espinoza-Galeas, David; Hamaguchi, Kenji; Navarete, Felipe; Nielsen, Krister; Madura, Thomas; Moffat, Anthony F. J.; Morris, Patrick; Richardson, Noel D.; Russell, Christopher M. P.; Stevens, Ian R. (1 July 2022). "Eta Carinae: an evolving view of the central binary, its interacting winds and its foreground ejecta". The Astrophysical Journal. 933 (2): 175. arXiv:2205.15116. Bibcode:2022ApJ...933..175G. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac74c2. ISSN 0004-637X.
  92. ^ a b Davidson, Kris (5 February 2020). "Radiation-Driven Stellar Eruptions". Galaxies. 8 (1): 10. arXiv:2009.02340. Bibcode:2020Galax...8...10D. doi:10.3390/galaxies8010010. ISSN 2075-4434.
  93. ^ a b Baines, Ellyn K.; Armstrong, J. Thomas; Schmitt, Henrique R.; Zavala, R. T.; Benson, James A.; Hutter, Donald J.; Tycner, Christopher; van Belle, Gerard T. (20 December 2017). "Fundamental Parameters of 87 Stars from the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer". The Astronomical Journal. 155 (1): 30. arXiv:1712.08109. Bibcode:2018AJ....155...30B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa9d8b. ISSN 1538-3881.
  94. ^ Souza, A. Domiciano de; Zorec, J.; Millour, F.; Bouquin, J.-B. Le; Spang, A.; Vakili, F. (1 October 2021). "Refined fundamental parameters of Canopus from combined near-IR interferometry and spectral energy distribution". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 654: A19. arXiv:2109.07153. Bibcode:2021A&A...654A..19D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140478. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 237513623.
  95. ^ a b Nielsen, Krister E.; Airapetian, Vladimir S.; Carpenter, Kenneth G.; Rau, Gioia (1 August 2023). "The Advanced Spectral Library: The Evolution of Chromospheric Wind Characteristics from Noncoronal to Hybrid Giant Stars". The Astrophysical Journal. 953 (1): 16. Bibcode:2023ApJ...953...16N. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acdcf1. ISSN 0004-637X.
  96. ^ Evans, Nancy Remage; Schaefer, Gail H.; Gallenne, Alexandre; Torres, Guillermo; Horch, Elliott P.; Anderson, Richard I.; Monnier, John D.; Roettenbacher, Rachael M.; Baron, Fabien; Anugu, Narsireddy; Davidson, James W.; Kervella, Pierre; Bras, Garance; Proffitt, Charles; Mérand, Antoine (1 August 2024). "The Orbit and Dynamical Mass of Polaris: Observations with the CHARA Array". The Astrophysical Journal. 971 (2): 190. arXiv:2407.09641. Bibcode:2024ApJ...971..190E. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad5e7a. ISSN 0004-637X.
  97. ^ Hatzes, A. P.; Cochran, W. D.; Endl, M.; Guenther, E. W.; MacQueen, P.; Hartmann, M.; Zechmeister, M.; Han, I.; Lee, B.-C.; Walker, G. a. H.; Yang, S.; Larson, A. M.; Kim, K.-M.; D. E. Mkrtichian; Döllinger, M. (1 August 2015). "Long-lived, long-period radial velocity variations in Aldebaran: A planetary companion and stellar activity". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 580: A31. arXiv:1505.03454. Bibcode:2015A&A...580A..31H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201425519. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 53324086.
  98. ^ Ramirez, I.; Prieto, C. Allende (20 December 2011). "Fundamental Parameters and Chemical Composition of Arcturus". The Astrophysical Journal. 743 (2): 135. arXiv:1109.4425. Bibcode:2011ApJ...743..135R. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/743/2/135. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 119186472.
  99. ^ Tkachenko, A.; et al. (May 2016), "Stellar modelling of Spica, a high-mass spectroscopic binary with a β Cep variable primary component", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 458 (2): 1964–1976, arXiv:1601.08069, Bibcode:2016MNRAS.458.1964T, doi:10.1093/mnras/stw255, S2CID 26945389
  100. ^ McAlister, H. A.; ten Brummelaar, T. A.; Gies; Huang; Bagnuolo, Jr.; Shure; Sturmann; Sturmann; Turner; Taylor; Berger; Baines; Grundstrom; Ogden; Ridgway; Van Belle; et al. (2005). "First Results from the CHARA Array. I. An Interferometric and Spectroscopic Study of the Fast Rotator Alpha Leonis (Regulus)". The Astrophysical Journal. 628 (1): 439–452. arXiv:astro-ph/0501261. Bibcode:2005ApJ...628..439M. doi:10.1086/430730. S2CID 6776360.
  101. ^ Monnier, J. D.; Che, Xiao; Zhao, Ming; Ekström, S.; Maestro, V.; Aufdenberg, Jason; Baron, F.; Georgy, C.; Kraus, S.; McAlister, H.; Pedretti, E. (December 2012). "Resolving Vega and the Inclination Controversy with CHARA/MIRC". The Astrophysical Journal. 761 (1): L3. arXiv:1211.6055. Bibcode:2012ApJ...761L...3M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/761/1/L3. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 17950155.
  102. ^ Bouchaud, K.; Domiciano de Souza, A.; Rieutord, M.; Reese, D. R.; Kervella, P. (1 January 2020). "A realistic two-dimensional model of Altair". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 633: A78. arXiv:1912.03138. Bibcode:2020A&A...633A..78B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936830. ISSN 0004-6361.
  103. ^ Davis, J.; et al. (October 2010). "The Angular Diameter and Fundamental Parameters of Sirius A". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia. 28: 58–65. arXiv:1010.3790. doi:10.1071/AS10010.
  104. ^ Akeson, Rachel; Beichman, Charles; Kervella, Pierre; Fomalont, Edward; Benedict, G. Fritz (14 June 2021). "Precision Millimeter Astrometry of the α Centauri AB System". The Astronomical Journal. 162 (1): 14. arXiv:2104.10086. Bibcode:2021AJ....162...14A. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abfaff. ISSN 0004-6256.
  105. ^ Ohnaka, K.; Driebe, T.; Hofmann, K. -H.; Weigelt, T.; Wittkowski, M. (16 April 2008). "Spatially resolved dusty torus toward the red supergiant WOH G64 in the Large Magellanic Cloud". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 484 (2): 371–379. arXiv:0803.3823. Bibcode:2008A&A...484..371O. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200809469. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 10451475.
  106. ^ Ohnaka, Keiichi; Driebe, Thomas; Hofmann, Karl-Heinz; Weigelt, Gerd; Wittkowski, Markus (March 2009). "Resolving the dusty torus and the mystery surrounding LMC red supergiant WOH G64". Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union. 256: 454–458. Bibcode:2009IAUS..256..454O. doi:10.1017/S1743921308028858. ISSN 1743-9213. S2CID 120287846.
  107. ^ Kamath, D.; Wood, P. R.; Van Winckel, H. (1 December 2015). "Optically visible post-AGB stars, post-RGB stars and young stellar objects in the Large Magellanic Cloud". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 454 (2): 1468–1502. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1202. ISSN 0035-8711.
  108. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb jc jd je jf jg jh ji jj jk jl jm jn jo jp jq jr js jt ju jv jw jx jy jz ka kb kc kd ke kf kg kh ki kj kk kl km kn ko kp kq kr ks kt ku kv kw kx ky kz la lb lc ld le lf lg lh li lj lk ll lm ln lo lp lq lr ls lt lu lv lw lx ly lz ma mb mc md me mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pk pl pm pn po pp pq pr ps pt pu pv pw px py pz qa qb qc qd qe qf qg qh qi qj qk ql qm qn qo qp qq qr qs qt qu qv qw qx qy qz ra rb rc rd re rf rg rh ri rj rk rl rm rn ro rp rq rr rs rt ru rv rw rx ry rz sa sb sc sd se sf sg sh si sj sk sl sm sn so sp sq sr ss st su sv sw sx sy sz Massey, Philip; Neugent, Kathryn F.; Ekstrom, Sylvia; Georgy, Cyril; Georges, Meynet (2023). "The Time-Averaged Mass-Loss Rates of Red Supergiants As Revealed by their Luminosity Functions in M31 and M33". The Astrophysical Journal. 942 (2): 35. arXiv:2211.14147. Bibcode:2023ApJ...942...69M. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aca665. S2CID 254018399.
  109. ^ a b c d e Goldman, Steven R.; van Loon, Jacco Th.; Zijlstra, Albert A.; Green, James A.; Wood, Peter R.; Nanni, Ambra; Imai, Hiroshi; Whitelock, Patricia A.; Matsuura, Mikako; Groenewegen, Martin A. T.; Gómez, José F. (11 February 2017). "The wind speeds, dust content, and mass-loss rates of evolved AGB and RSG stars at varying metallicity". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 465 (1): 403–433. arXiv:1610.05761. Bibcode:2017MNRAS.465..403G. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2708. ISSN 0035-8711.
  110. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am Groenewegen, M. A. T.; Sloan, G. C. (January 2018). "Luminosities and mass-loss rates of Local Group AGB stars and red supergiants". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 609: A114. arXiv:1711.07803. Bibcode:2018A&A...609A.114G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731089. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 59327105.
  111. ^ a b c University, Keele (December 2017). Research, Keele University (doctoral thesis). Keele University.
  112. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Neugent, Kathryn F.; Levesque, Emily M.; Massey, Philip; Morrell, Nidia I.; Drout, Maria R. (8 September 2020). "The Red Supergiant Binary Fraction of the Large Magellanic Cloud". The Astrophysical Journal. 900 (2): 118. arXiv:2007.15852. Bibcode:2020ApJ...900..118N. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ababaa. ISSN 1538-4357.
  113. ^ a b Munoz-Sanchez, G.; de Wit, S.; Bonanos, A. Z.; Antoniadas, K.; Boutsia, K.; Boumis, P.; Christodoulou, E.; Kalitsounaki, M.; Udalski, A. (21 May 2024). "Episodic mass loss in the very luminous red supergiant [W60] B90 in the Large Magellanic Cloud". arXiv:2405.11019 [astro-ph.SR].
  114. ^ a b c d e Chen, Kaitlyn M.; Dorn-Wallenstein, Trevor Z. (March 2024). "A Spectroscopic Hunt for Post-red Supergiants in the Large Magellanic Cloud. I. Preliminary Results". Research Notes of the AAS. 8 (3): 75. arXiv:2403.08048. Bibcode:2024RNAAS...8...75C. doi:10.3847/2515-5172/ad32bb. ISSN 2515-5172. S2CID 268378990.
  115. ^ a b c d Martin, John C.; Humphreys, Roberta M. (30 October 2023). "A Census of the Most Luminous Stars. I. The Upper HR Diagram for the Large Magellanic Cloud". The Astronomical Journal. 166 (5): 214. Bibcode:2023AJ....166..214M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad011e. ISSN 0004-6256.
  116. ^ a b García-Hernández, D. A.; Manchando, A.; Lambert, D. L.; Plez, B.; García-Lario, P.; D'Antona, F.; Lugaro, M.; Karakas, A. I.; van Raai, M. A. (8 October 2009). "Rb-Rich Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars in the Magellanic Clouds". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 705 (1): L31–L35. arXiv:0909.4391. Bibcode:2009ApJ...705L..31G. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/705/1/L31. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 17864885.
  117. ^ a b c d Britavskyi, N.; Lennon, D. J.; Patrick, L. R.; Evans, C. J.; Herrero, A.; Langer, N.; van Loon, J. Th.; Clark, J. S.; Schneider, F. R. N.; Almeida, L. A.; Sana, H.; de Koter, A.; Taylor, W. D. (26 February 2019). "The VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey. XXX. Red stragglers in the clusters Hodge 301 and SL 639". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 624: 13. arXiv:1902.09891. Bibcode:2019A&A...624A.128B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834564. S2CID 244683559.
  118. ^ a b c d e Dorn-Wallenstein, Trevor Z.; Levesque, Emily M.; Davenport, James R. A.; Neugent, Kathryn F.; Morris, Brett M.; Bostroem, K. Azalee (1 November 2022). "The Properties of Fast Yellow Pulsating Supergiants: FYPS Point the Way to Missing Red Supergiants". The Astrophysical Journal. 940 (1): 27. arXiv:2206.11917. Bibcode:2022ApJ...940...27D. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac79b2. ISSN 0004-637X.
  119. ^ a b c Beasor, Emma R; Davies, Ben; Cabrera-Ziri, Ivan; Hurst, Georgia (21 September 2018). "A critical re-evaluation of the Thorne–Żytkow object candidate HV 2112". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 479 (3): 3101–3105. arXiv:1806.07399. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.479.3101B. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1744. ISSN 0035-8711.
  120. ^ Lamers, H. J. G. L. M. (1 January 1995). "Observations and Interpretation of Luminous Blue Variables". IAU Colloq. 155: Astrophysical Applications of Stellar Pulsation. 83: 176. Bibcode:1995ASPC...83..176L.
  121. ^ a b Kastner, Joel H.; Buchanan, Catherine L.; Sargent, B.; Forrest, W. J. (10 February 2006). "Spitzer Spectroscopy of Dusty Disks around B[e] Hypergiants in the Large Magellanic Cloud". The Astrophysical Journal. 638 (1): L29–L32. Bibcode:2006ApJ...638L..29K. doi:10.1086/500804. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 121769413.
  122. ^ Brands, Sarah A.; Koter, Alex de; Bestenlehner, Joachim M.; Crowther, Paul A.; Sundqvist, Jon O.; Puls, Joachim; Caballero-Nieves, Saida M.; Abdul-Masih, Michael; Driessen, Florian A.; García, Miriam; Geen, Sam; Gräfener, Götz; Hawcroft, Calum; Kaper, Lex; Keszthelyi, Zsolt (1 July 2022). "The R136 star cluster dissected with Hubble Space Telescope/STIS – III. The most massive stars and their clumped winds". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 663: A36. arXiv:2202.11080. Bibcode:2022A&A...663A..36B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142742. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 247025548.
  123. ^ Hainich, R.; Rühling, U.; Todt, H.; Oskinova, L. M.; Liermann, A.; Gräfener, G.; Foellmi, C.; Schnurr, O.; Hamann, W.-R. (May 2014). "The Wolf-Rayet stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud: A comprehensive analysis of the WN class⋆⋆⋆". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 565: A27. arXiv:1401.5474. Bibcode:2014A&A...565A..27H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322696. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 55123954.
  124. ^ Shenar, T.; Hainich, R.; Todt, H.; Sander, A.; Hamann, W.-R.; Moffat, A. F. J.; Eldridge, J. J.; Pablo, H.; Oskinova, L. M.; Richardson, N. D. (July 2017). "Wolf-Rayet stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud: II. Analysis of the binaries". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 591: A22. arXiv:1604.01022. Bibcode:2016A&A...591A..22S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527916. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 119255408.
  125. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as Drout, Maria R.; Massey, Philip; Meynet, Georges (April 2012). "THE YELLOW AND RED SUPERGIANTS OF M33*". The Astrophysical Journal. 750 (2): 97. arXiv:1203.0247. Bibcode:2012ApJ...750...97D. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/750/2/97. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 119160120.
  126. ^ Massey, Philip; Evans, Kate Anne (August 2016). "The Red Supergiant Content of M31*". The Astrophysical Journal. 826 (2): 224. arXiv:1605.07900. Bibcode:2016ApJ...826..224M. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/224. ISSN 0004-637X.
  127. ^ a b Massey, Philip; Silva, David R.; Levesque, Emily M.; Plez, Bertrand; Olsen, Knut A. G.; Clayton, Geoffrey C.; Meynet, Georges; Maeder, Andre (September 2009). "Red Supergiants in the Andromeda Galaxy (M31)". The Astrophysical Journal. 703 (1): 420–440. arXiv:0907.3767. Bibcode:2009ApJ...703..420M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/703/1/420. S2CID 119293010. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
  128. ^ Kourniotis, M.; Bonanos, A. Z.; Yuan, W.; Macri, L. M.; Garcia-Alvarez, D.; Lee, C.-H. (1 May 2017). "Monitoring luminous yellow massive stars in M 33: new yellow hypergiant candidates". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 601: A76. arXiv:1612.06853. Bibcode:2017A&A...601A..76K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629146. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 55559261.
  129. ^ Valeev, A. F.; Sholukhova, O.; Fabrika, S. (11 June 2009). "A new luminous variable in M33". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters. 396 (1): L21–L25. arXiv:0903.5222. Bibcode:2009MNRAS.396L..21V. doi:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2009.00654.x. S2CID 14666975.
  130. ^ a b c Britavskiy, N. E.; Bonanos, A. Z.; Herrero, A.; Cerviño, M.; García-Álvarez, D.; Boyer, M. L.; Masseron, T.; Mehner, A.; McQuinn, K. B. W. (November 2019). "Physical parameters of red supergiants in dwarf irregular galaxies in the Local Group". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 631: A95. arXiv:1909.13378. Bibcode:2019A&A...631A..95B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935212. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 203593402.
  131. ^ González-Torà, Gemma; Davies, Ben; Kudritzki, Rolf-Peter; Plez, Bertrand (23 June 2021). "The temperatures of red supergiants in low-metallicity environments". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 505 (3): 4422–4443. arXiv:2106.01807. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1611. ISSN 0035-8711.
  132. ^ Jones, Olivia C.; Maclay, Matthew T.; Boyer, Martha L.; Meixner, Margaret; McDonald, Iain; Meskhidze, Helen (1 February 2018). "Near-infrared Stellar Populations in the Metal-poor, Dwarf Irregular Galaxies Sextans A and Leo A". The Astrophysical Journal. 854 (2): 117. arXiv:1712.06594. Bibcode:2018ApJ...854..117J. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaa542. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 119199303.
  133. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az de Wit, S.; Bonanos, A. Z.; Antoniadis, K.; Zapartas, E.; Ruiz, A.; Britavskiy, N.; Christodoulou, E.; De, K.; Maravelias, G. (19 February 2024), "Investigating episodic mass loss in evolved massive stars", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 689: A46, arXiv:2402.12442, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202449607
  134. ^ a b c Humphreys, Roberta M.; Stangl, Sarah; Gordon, Michael S.; Davidson, Kris; Grammer, Skyler H. (January 2019). "Luminous and Variable Stars in NGC 2403 and M81". The Astronomical Journal. 157 (1): 22. arXiv:1811.06559. Bibcode:2019AJ....157...22H. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaf1ac. ISSN 0004-6256. S2CID 119379139.
  135. ^ a b Bond, Howard E.; Jencson, Jacob E.; Whitelock, Patricia A.; Adams, Scott M.; Bally, John; Cody, Ann Marie; Gehrz, Robert D.; Kasliwal, Mansi M.; Masci, Frank J. (April 2022). "Hubble Space Telescope Imaging of Luminous Extragalactic Infrared Transients and Variables from the Spitzer Infrared Intensive Transients Survey*". The Astrophysical Journal. 928 (2): 158. arXiv:2202.11040. Bibcode:2022ApJ...928..158B. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac5832. ISSN 0004-637X.
  136. ^ Zachary, Gazak J.; Kudritzki, Rolf; Evans, Chris; Patrick, Lee; Davies, Ben; Bergemann, Maria; Plez, Bertand; Bresolin, Fabio; Bender, Ralf; Wegner, Michael; Bonanos, Alceste Z.; Williams, Stephen J. (2 June 2015). "Red Supergiants as Cosmic Abundance Probes: The Sculptor Galaxy NGC 300". The Astrophysical Journal. 805 (2): 9. arXiv:1505.00871. Bibcode:2015ApJ...805..182G. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/805/2/182. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 14681047.
  137. ^ Petit, V.; Drissen, L.; Crowther, P. A. (2005). "Quantitative analysis of STIS spectra of NGC 2363-V1". The Fate of the Most Massive Stars. 332: 159. Bibcode:2005ASPC..332..157P.
  138. ^ Ilie, Cosmin; Paulin, Jillian; Freese, Katherine (25 July 2023). "Supermassive Dark Star candidates seen by JWST". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 120 (30): e2305762120. arXiv:2304.01173. Bibcode:2023PNAS..12005762I. doi:10.1073/pnas.2305762120. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 10372643. PMID 37433001.
  139. ^ Ball, Warrick H.; Tout, Christopher A.; Żytkow, Anna N.; Eldridge, John J. (1 July 2011). "The structure and evolution of quasi-stars: The structure and evolution of quasi-stars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 414 (3): 2751–2762. arXiv:1102.5098. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18591.x. S2CID 119239346.
  140. ^ Diego, J. M.; et al. (2023). "JWST's PEARLS: A new lens model for ACT-CL J0102−4915, "El Gordo," and the first red supergiant star at cosmological distances discovered by JWST". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 672: A3. arXiv:2210.06514. Bibcode:2023A&A...672A...3D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202245238. S2CID 252873244.
  141. ^ a b Diego, J. M.; Pascale, M.; Kavanagh, B. J.; Kelly, P.; Dai, L.; Frye, B.; Broadhurst, T. (September 2022). "Godzilla, a monster lurks in the Sunburst galaxy". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 665: A134. arXiv:2203.08158. Bibcode:2022A&A...665A.134D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243605. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 247476158.
  142. ^ "Scientists face down 'Godzilla', the most luminous star known". Nature. 610 (7930): 10. 6 October 2022. Bibcode:2022Natur.610T..10.. doi:10.1038/d41586-022-03054-3. ISSN 0028-0836.
  143. ^ Diego, J. M.; Sun, Bangzheng; Yan, Haojing; Furtak, Lukas J.; Zackrisson, Erik; Dai, Liang; Kelly, Patrick; Nonino, Mario; Adams, Nathan; Meena, Ashish K.; Willner, S. P.; Zitrin, Adi; Cohen, Seth H.; D'Silva, Jordan C. J.; Jansen, Rolf A. (19 September 2023). "JWST's PEARLS: Mothra, a new kaiju star at z=2.091 extremely magnified by MACS0416, and implications for dark matter models". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 679: A31. arXiv:2307.10363. Bibcode:2023A&A...679A..31D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202347556. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 259991552.
  144. ^ Pastorello, A.; Chen, T.-W.; Cai, Y.-Z.; Morales-Garoffolo, A.; Cano, Z.; Mason, E.; Barsukova, E. A.; Benetti, S.; Berton, M.; Bose, S.; Bufano, F.; Callis, E.; Cannizzaro, G.; Cartier, R.; Chen, Ping (May 2019). "The evolution of luminous red nova AT 2017jfs in NGC 4470". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 625: L8. arXiv:1906.00811. Bibcode:2019A&A...625L...8P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935511. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 155703569.
  145. ^ Elias-Rosa, N.; Benetti, S.; Cappellaro, E.; Pastorello, A.; Terreran, G.; Morales-Garoffolo, A; Howerton, S. C.; Valenti, S.; Kankare, E.; Drake, A. J.; Djorgovski, S. G.; Tomasella, L.; Tartaglia, L.; Kangas, T.; Ochner, P.; Filippenko, A. V.; Ciabattari, F.; Geier, S.; Howell, D. A.; Isern, J.; Leonini, S.; Pignata, J.; Turatto, M. (9 January 2018). "SNhunt151: an explosive event inside a dense cocoon". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 475 (2): 2614–2631. arXiv:1801.03040. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.475.2614E. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty009. ISSN 0035-8711. S2CID 119519504.
  146. ^ Elias-Rosa, N.; et al. (7 September 2016). "Dead or Alive? Long-term evolution of SN 2015bh (SNhunt275)". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 463 (4): 3894–3920. arXiv:1606.09024. Bibcode:2016MNRAS.463.3894E. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2253. ISSN 0035-8711. S2CID 119205955.
  147. ^ Cai, Y. -Z.; et al. (3 December 2019). "The transitional gap transient AT 2018hso: new insights into the luminous red nova phenomenon". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 631: 9. arXiv:1909.13147. Bibcode:2019A&A...632L...6C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936749. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 203593575.
  148. ^ Charalampopoulos, P.; et al. (22 January 2024). "The fast transient AT 2023clx in the nearby LINER galaxy NGC 3799 as a tidal disruption of a very low-mass star". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 689: A350. arXiv:2401.11773v2. Bibcode:2024A&A...689A.350C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202449296.
  149. ^ Jencson, Jacob E.; Adams, Scott M.; Bond, Howard E.; van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Kasliwal, Mansi M.; Bally, John; Blagorodnova, Nadejda; De, Kishalay; Fremling, Christoffer; Yao, Yuhan; Fruchter, Andrew; Rubin, David; Barbarino, Cristina; Sollerman, Jesper; Miller, Adam A. (26 July 2019). "Discovery of an Intermediate-luminosity Red Transient in M51 and Its Likely Dust-obscured, Infrared-variable Progenitor". The Astrophysical Journal. 880 (2): L20. arXiv:1904.07857. Bibcode:2019ApJ...880L..20J. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab2c05. ISSN 2041-8213.
  150. ^ Smith, Nathan; Frew, David J. (2011). "A revised historical light curve of Eta Carinae and the timing of close periastron encounters". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 415 (3): 2009–2019. arXiv:1010.3719. Bibcode:2011MNRAS.415.2009S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18993.x. S2CID 118614725.
  151. ^ a b Cai Y. -Z.; et al. (27 October 2021). "Intermediate-luminosity red transients: Spectrophotometric properties and connection to electron-capture supernova explosions". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 654: 30. arXiv:2108.05087. Bibcode:2021A&A...654A.157C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141078. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 236976052.
  152. ^ Pessi, Thallis; Prieto, Jose L.; Monard, Berto; Kochanek, Christopher S.; Bock, Greg; Drake, Andrew J.; Fox, Ori D.; Parker, Stuart; Stevance, Heloise F. (4 April 2022). "Unveiling the Nature of SN 2011fh: A Young and Massive Star Gives Rise to a Luminous SN 2009ip-like Event". The Astrophysical Journal. 928 (2): 21. arXiv:2110.09546. Bibcode:2022ApJ...928..138P. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac562d. ISSN 1538-4357. S2CID 239024685.
  153. ^ a b Soker, Noam; Kaplan, Noa (May 2021). "Explaining recently studied intermediate luminosity optical transients (ILOTs) with jet powering". Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics. 21 (4): 9. arXiv:2007.06472. Bibcode:2021RAA....21...90S. doi:10.1088/1674-4527/21/4/90. ISSN 1674-4527. S2CID 220496730.
  154. ^ Stritzinger, M. D; et al. (22 July 2020). "The Carnegie Supernova Project II. Observations of the intermediate-luminosity red transient SNhunt120". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 639: 17. arXiv:2005.00319. Bibcode:2020A&A...639A.103S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202038018. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 249866047.
  155. ^ Cai, Y. -Z; Pastorello, A.; Fraser, M.; Botticella, M. T.; Gall, C.; Arcavi, I.; Benetti, S.; Cappellaro, E.; Elias-Rosa, N.; Harmanen, J.; Hosseinzadeh, G.; Howell, D. A.; Isern, J.; Kangas, T.; Kankare, E.; Kuncarayakti, H.; Lundqvist, P.; Mattila, S.; McCully, C.; Reynolds, T. M.; Somero, A.; Stritzinger, M. D.; Terreran, G. (1 August 2018). "AT 2017be – a new member of the class of intermediate-luminosity red transients". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 480 (3): 3424–3445. arXiv:1807.11676. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.480.3424C. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2070. ISSN 0035-8711. S2CID 118946285.
  156. ^ Allan, Andrew P; Groh, Jose H; Mehner, Andrea; Smith, Nathan; Boian, Ioana; Farrell, Eoin J; Andrews, Jennifer E (1 August 2020). "The possible disappearance of a massive star in the low-metallicity galaxy PHL 293B". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 496 (2): 1902–1908. arXiv:2003.02242. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1629. ISSN 0035-8711.
  157. ^ Kankare, E.; Kotak, R.; Pastorello, A.; Fraser, M; Mattila, S.; Smartt, S. J.; Bruce, A.; Chambers, K. C.; Elias-Rosa, N.; Flewelling, H.; Fremling, C.; Harmanen, J.; Huber, M.; Jerkstand, A.; Kangas, T.; Kuncarayakti, H.; Magee, M.; Magnier, E.; Polshaw, J.; Smith, K. W.; Sollerman, J.; Tomasella, L. (7 September 2015). "On the triple peaks of SNHunt248 in NGC 5806". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 581: 7. arXiv:1508.04730. Bibcode:2015A&A...581L...4K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201526631. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 85321.
  158. ^ Mehner, A.; Baade, D.; Rivinius, T.; Lennon, D. J.; Martayan, C.; Stahl, O.; Štefl, S. (July 2013). "Broad-band spectroscopy of the ongoing large eruption of the luminous blue variable R71". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 555: A116. arXiv:1303.1367. Bibcode:2013A&A...555A.116M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321323. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 67775752.
  159. ^ Aghakhanloo, Mojgan; Smith, Nathan; Milne, Peter; Andrews, Jennifer E.; Filippenko, Alexei V.; Jencson, Jacob E.; Sand, David J.; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Wyatt, Samuel; Zheng, WeiKang (28 February 2023). "Repeating periodic eruptions of the supernova impostor SN 2000ch". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 521 (2): 1941–1957. arXiv:2212.00113. Bibcode:2023MNRAS.521.1941A. doi:10.1093/mnras/stad630. ISSN 0035-8711. S2CID 254125316.
  160. ^ a b Aghakhanloo, Mojgan; Smith, Nathan; Milne, Peter; Andrews, Jennifer E.; Van Dyck, Schuyler D.; Filippenko, Alexei V.; Jencson, Jacob E.; Lau, Ryan N.; Sand, David J.; Wyatt, Samuel; Zhang, WeiKang (7 September 2023). "Recurring outbursts of the supernova impostor AT 2016blu in NGC 4559". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 526 (1): 456–472. arXiv:2212.09708. Bibcode:2023MNRAS.526..456A. doi:10.1093/mnras/stad2702. ISSN 0035-8711. S2CID 254854145.
  161. ^ Salmaso, I.; Cappellaro, E.; Tartaglia, L.; Benetti, S.; Botticella, M. T.; Elias-Rosa, M.; Pastorello, A.; Patat, F.; Reguitti, A.; Tomasella, L.; Valerin, G.; Yang, S. (May 2023). "Hidden shock powering the peak of SN 2020faa". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 673: 14. arXiv:2302.12527. Bibcode:2023A&A...673A.127S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202245781. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 257205910.
  162. ^ "Papers with Code - The Dusty and Extremely Red Progenitor of the Type II Supernova 2023ixf in Messier 101". astro.paperswithcode.com. Retrieved 25 November 2023.
  163. ^ Qin, Y.; Zhang, Keming; Bloom, J.; Sollerman, J.; Zimmerman, E.; Irani, I.; Schulze, S.; Gal-yam, A.; Kasliwal, M.; Coughlin, M.; Perley, D.; Fremling, C.; Kulkarni, S. (2024). "The Progenitor Star of SN 2023ixf: A Massive Red Supergiant with Enhanced, Episodic Pre-Supernova Mass Loss". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 534: 271–280. doi:10.1093/mnras/stae2012. S2CID 262054068.
  164. ^ Kilpatrick, Charles D.; et al. (29 June 2023). "EType II-P supernova progenitor star initial masses and SN 2020jfo: direct detection, light-curve properties, nebular spectroscopy, and local environment". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 524 (2): 2161–2185. arXiv:2307.00550. Bibcode:2023MNRAS.524.2161K. doi:10.1093/mnras/stad1954. ISSN 0035-8711. S2CID 259306203.
  165. ^ Shrestha, Manisha; et al. (2024). "Evidence of weak circumstellar medium interaction in the Type II SN 2023axu". The Astrophysical Journal. 961 (2): 247. arXiv:2310.00162. Bibcode:2024ApJ...961..247S. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad11e1.
  166. ^ Yan, Shengyu; Wang, Xiaofeng; Gao, Xing; Zhang, Jujia; Brink, Thomas G.; Mo, Jun; Lin, Weili; Xiang, Danfeng; Ma, Xiaoran; Guo, Fangzhou; Tomasella, Lina; Benetti, Stefano; Cai, Yongzhi; Cappellaro, Enrico; Chen, Zhihao; Li, Zhitong; Pastorello, Andrea; Zhang, Tiangmeng (7 October 2023). "Discovery of the Closest Ultrastripped Supernova: SN 2021agco in UGC 3855". The Astrophysical Journal. 959 (2): L32. arXiv:2310.04827. Bibcode:2023ApJ...959L..32Y. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad0cc3.
  167. ^ SIMBAD.
  168. ^ Ohnaka, K.; Hofmann, K. -H.; Schertl, D.; Weigelt, G.; Baffa, C.; Chelli, A.; Petrov, R.; Robbe-Dubois, S. (1 July 2013). "High spectral resolution imaging of the dynamical atmosphere of the red supergiant Antares in the CO first overtone lines with VLTI/AMBER". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 555: A24. arXiv:1304.4800. Bibcode:2013A&A...555A..24O. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321063. ISSN 0004-6361.
  169. ^ a b c d e f g h van Leeuwen, F. (1 November 2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653–664. arXiv:0708.1752. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. ISSN 0004-6361.
  170. ^ Woodruff, H. C.; Eberhardt, M.; Driebe, T.; Hofmann, K. -H.; Ohnaka, K.; Richichi, A.; Schertl, D.; Schöller, M.; Scholz, M.; Weigelt, G.; Wittkowski, M.; Wood, P. R. (1 July 2004). "Interferometric observations of the Mira star o Ceti with the VLTI/VINCI instrument in the near-infrared". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 421 (2): 703–714. arXiv:astro-ph/0404248. Bibcode:2004A&A...421..703W. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20035826. ISSN 0004-6361.
  171. ^ a b Ramírez, I.; Allende Prieto, C. (1 December 2011). "Fundamental Parameters and Chemical Composition of Arcturus". The Astrophysical Journal. 743 (2): 135. arXiv:1109.4425. Bibcode:2011ApJ...743..135R. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/743/2/135. ISSN 0004-637X.
  172. ^ a b Wallstrom, S. H. J.; Danilovich, T.; Muller, H. S. P.; Gottlieb, C. A.; Maes, S.; Van de Sande, M.; Decin, L.; Richards, A. M. S.; Baudry, A.; Bolte, J.; Ceulemans, T.; De Ceuster, F.; de Koter, A.; Mellah, I. El; Esseldeurs, M. (6 December 2023). "ATOMIUM: Molecular inventory of 17 oxygen-rich evolved stars observed with ALMA". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 681: A50. arXiv:2312.03467. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202347632. ISSN 0004-6361.
  173. ^ Soubiran, C.; Creevey, O. L.; Lagarde, N.; Brouillet, N.; Jofré, P.; Casamiquela, L.; Heiter, U.; Aguilera-Gómez, C.; Vitali, S.; Worley, C.; de Brito Silva, D. (1 February 2024). "Gaia FGK benchmark stars: Fundamental Teff and log g of the third version". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 682: A145. arXiv:2310.11302. Bibcode:2024A&A...682A.145S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202347136. ISSN 0004-6361. Note: See VizieR catalogue
  174. ^ a b c d e f g Mozurkewich, D.; Armstrong, J. T.; Hindsley, R. B.; Quirrenbach, A.; Hummel, C. A.; Hutter, D. J.; Johnston, K. J.; Hajian, A. R.; Elias II, Nicholas M.; Buscher, D. F.; Simon, R. S. (November 2003). "Angular Diameters of Stars from the Mark III Optical Interferometer". The Astronomical Journal. 126 (5): 2502–2520. Bibcode:2003AJ....126.2502M. doi:10.1086/378596. ISSN 0004-6256.
  175. ^ Gatewood, George (1 July 2008). "Astrometric Studies of Aldebaran, Arcturus, Vega, the Hyades, and Other Regions". The Astronomical Journal. 136 (1): 452–460. Bibcode:2008AJ....136..452G. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/136/1/452. ISSN 0004-6256.
  176. ^ a b c d e f Bailer-Jones, C. A. L.; Rybizki, J.; Fouesneau, M.; Demleitner, M.; Andrae, R. (2021). "Estimating Distances from Parallaxes. V. Geometric and Photogeometric Distances to 1.47 Billion Stars in Gaia Early Data Release 3". The Astronomical Journal. 161 (3): 147. arXiv:2012.05220. Bibcode:2021AJ....161..147B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abd806. S2CID 228063812. Data about this star can be seen here.
  177. ^ Arroyo-Torres, B.; et al. (June 2014). "VLTI/AMBER observations of cold giant stars: atmospheric structures and fundamental parameters". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 566: 11. arXiv:1404.7384. Bibcode:2014A&A...566A..88A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201323264. S2CID 16778588. A88.
  178. ^ a b c d e f g Richichi, A.; Percheron, I.; Khristoforova, M. (1 February 2005). "CHARM2: An updated Catalog of High Angular Resolution Measurements". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 431 (2): 773–777. Bibcode:2005A&A...431..773R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20042039. ISSN 0004-6361.
  179. ^ Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  180. ^ Min, Cheulhong; Matsumoto, Naoko; Kim, Mi Kyoung; Hirota, Tomoya; Shibata, Katsunori M.; Cho, Se-Hyung; Shizugami, Makoto; Honma, Mareki (1 April 2014). "Accurate Parallax Measurement toward the Symbiotic Star R Aquarii". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 66 (2): 38. arXiv:1401.5574. doi:10.1093/pasj/psu003. ISSN 2053-051X.
  181. ^ Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  182. ^ Perrin, G.; Ridgway, S. T.; Verhoelst, T.; Schuller, P. A.; Traub, W. A.; Millan-Gabet, R.; Lacasse, M. G. (1 June 2005). "Study of molecular layers in the atmosphere of the supergiant star μ Cep by interferometry in the K band". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 436 (1): 317–324. arXiv:astro-ph/0502415. Bibcode:2005A&A...436..317P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20042313. ISSN 0004-6361.
  183. ^ Davies, Ben; Beasor, Emma R. (2020). "The 'red supergiant problem': The upper luminosity boundary of Type II supernova progenitors". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 493: 468–476. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa174. Retrieved 3 October 2024.
  184. ^ "HD 6860 Overview". NASA Exoplanet Archive. Retrieved 7 June 2024.
  185. ^ Wittkowski, M.; et al. (December 2006), "Tests of stellar model atmospheres by optical interferometry. IV. VINCI interferometry and UVES spectroscopy of Menkar", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 460 (3): 855–864, arXiv:astro-ph/0610150, Bibcode:2006A&A...460..855W, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20066032, S2CID 16525827

External links