824

Calendar year

Pope Eugene II (824–827)

Year 824 (DCCCXXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

By date

• February 8 – The Tenchō era begins in Japan at the beginning of the reign of the Emperor Junna, bringing an end to the Kōnin era after 15 years.^[1]
• February 11 – Pope Paschal I, leader of the Roman Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States,dies after a reign of seven years.^[2]The Roman Curia refuses to bury him in St. Peter's Basilica because of his harsh treatment of the people of Rome, and inters him instead in the Basilica of Santa Prassede.^[3] The office remains vacant for four months before a new conclave is assembled.
• February 29 – Prince Li Zhan, 14 years old, is enthroned as the Emperor Jingzong of China, four days after the death of his father, Emperor Muzong.^[4]
• February – A major earthquake strikes Byzantium in Asia Minor (now part of western Turkey) and part of Greece, damaging the city walls of Theodosiopolis (now Barbaros in Turkey) and Heraclea Perinthus at the same time that the forces of Byzantine Emperor Michael II the Amorian are suppressing the rebellion by Thomas the Slav. Both cities surrender after the natural event.^[5]
• March 3 &ndash (9.19.13.15.19) (9th B'ak'tun, 19th K'atun, 13th year (Tun) 15th month (Winal) 19th day (K'in)) Juun Tsak-Took becomes the new ruler of the Mayan city state of Machaquila (in what is now Guatemala), along with co-ruler and Ti-Chaak become the after the death of Sihyaj K'in Ich’aak II. Juun Tsak-Tookwill until his 840.
• March 5 – Adelard becomes the new Duke of Spoleto upon the death of his father, Suppo I, who ruled much of Italy including Brescia, Parma, Piacenza, Modena, and Bergamo.^[6] Adelard reigns for only five months before dying in August.
• May – In Constantinople and throughout the Byzantine Empire, Michael II celebrates the festival of Triumph to mark his return to the capital after defeating the rebellion of Thomas the Slav^[7][8]
• June 4 – Pope Eugene II is selected by church leaders and the local nobility of the Papal States as the 99th Pontiff of the Roman Catholic Church, succeeding Pope Paschal I, receiving a majority after the more conservatve Zinzinnus is rejected.^[9]
• September – Rebellious Arab troops in North Africa, led by Mansur ibn Nasr al-Tunbudhi in a battle against the Aghlabids, led by the Emir Ziyadat Allah, invade and occupy the city of Tunis.^[10]
• November 11 – The Constitutio Romana, drawn up between King Lothair I of Italy, Louis the Pious, since 817, and Pope Eugene II, establishes the authority of the Holy Roman Emperors over the papacy of Rome..^[11]

By place

Europe

• Battle of Roncevaux Pass: The Basques and Banu Qasi defeat a Frankish expedition, led by Counts Aznar and Ebles, in the Pyrenees.
• Iñigo Arista revolts against the Frankish Empire, and establishes the Kingdom of Pamplona, with the support of the Caliphate of Córdoba.
• Vikings raid Ireland, on the Kingdom of Munster at Skellig Michael^[12]

Britain

• Vikings raid Bangor (modern Wales) for the second time, and plunder the bishopric (approximate date).

Japan

• Zenpuku-ji, one of the oldest Tokyo temples, is founded by the Japanese Buddhist monk Kūkai.

By topic

Religion

• February 11 – Pope Paschal I dies after a 7-year reign, and is succeeded by Eugene II, as the 99th pope of the Catholic Church.

Births

• Al-Tirmidhi, Persian scholar and hadith compiler (d. 892)
• Chen Tao, Chinese poet (d. 882)
• Ibn Majah, Persian scholar and hadith compiler
• Li Pu, prince of the Tang dynasty (d. 828)
• Muhammad ibn Abdallah, Muslim governor (or 825)
• Zhao Chou, Chinese warlord (d. 889)

Deaths

• February 11 – Paschal I, pope of the Catholic Church
• March 5 – Suppo I, Frankish nobleman
• August 5 – Heizei, emperor of Japan (b. 773)
• Adelard, duke of Spoleto (Italy)
• Han Yu, Chinese philosopher and poet (b. 768)
• Mauring, Frankish nobleman
• Mu Zong, emperor of the Tang dynasty (b. 795)
• Óengus of Tallaght, Irish bishop
• Ruthmael, Irish abbot and bishop
• Sayyida Nafisa, Arab female scholar (b. 762)
• Wetti of Reichenau, German scholar
• Zhang Hongjing, Chinese chancellor (b. 760)

References

1. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Tenchō" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 958, p. 958, at Google Books; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File Archived 2012-05-24 at archive.today.
2. O'Brien, Richard P. (2000). Lives of the Popes. New York: Harper Collins. pp. 132-133. ISBN 0-06-065304-3.
3. John N.D. Kelly, Gran Dizionario Illustrato dei Papi, p. 272
4. Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 243.
5. Treadgold, Warren T. (1988). The Byzantine Revival, 780–842. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 242. ISBN 0-8047-1462-2.
6. Wickham, Chris. Early Medieval Italy: Central Power and Local Society 400-1000. MacMillan Press: 1981
7. .Bury, J. B. (1912). A History of the Eastern Roman Empire from the Fall of Irene to the Accession of Basil I (A.D. 802–867). Macmillan and Company. pp. 104–105. OCLC 458995052.
8. Warren Treadgold, The Byzantine Revival, 780–842 (Stanford University Press, 1988, p. 242. ISBN 978-0-8047-1462-4.
9. ""Brusher, S.J., Joseph. "Eugene II - the Reformer", Popes Through the Ages".
10. Kennedy, Hugh (2018). "The Origins of the Aghlabids". In Anderson, Glaire D.; Fenwick, Corisande; Rosser-Owen, Mariam (eds.). The Aghlabids and Their Neighbors: Art and Material Culture in Ninth-Century North Africa. Brill. p. 47. ISBN 978-90-04-35566-8.
11. Marios Costambeys, Power and Patronage in Early Medieval Italy (Cambridge: 2007), 342–343.
12. "Ireland's History in Maps (800 AD)". Dennis Walsh. Archived from the original on July 9, 2014. Retrieved on 26 July 2017.