Decade
The 1360s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1360, and ended on December 31, 1369.
Events
1360
January–December
Date unknown
1361
January–December
- March 17 – An-Nasir Hasan, Mamluk Sultan of Egypt, is killed by one of his own mamluks, Yalbugha al-Umari, who, with the senior Mamluk emirs, has al-Mansur Muhammad installed as the new sultan.[7]
- April 13 – The University of Pavia is founded, on the Italian Peninsula.[8]
- May 1 – King Magnus IV Eriksson warns the inhabitants of Visby in a letter, of an upcoming Danish invasion.
- July 27 – Battle of Visby: King Valdemar IV of Denmark conquers the city of Visby by defeating the defending Gutnish country yeomen, and takes Gotland.[9]
- October 10 – Edward, the Black Prince marries Joan of Kent at Windsor Castle.[10]
Date unknown
- In the Marinid Empire in modern-day Morocco, Abu Salim Ibrahim is overthrown by Abu Umar, who is in turn overthrown by Abu Zayyan.
- Great Troubles: the Blue Horde descends into anarchy. Between 1361 and 1378, over 20 khans succeed each other in different parts of the Blue Horde's territory.
- Chinese rebels capture the Goryeo capital.
- The earliest known musical keyboard instrument is built, with the layout of black and white keys that becomes standard.
1362
January–December
- January 1 – The Grand Duchy of Lithuania switches New Year to January 1, before any other country does.
- January 16 – The "Grote Mandrenke" storm tide strikes the Netherlands, England, Germany and Denmark, destroying the Danish settlement of Rungholt in the Duchy of Schleswig, and the Humber estuary port of Ravenser Odd in England. The East Frisian island of Buise is broken into two by North Sea floods.
- February 15 – King Haakon VI of Norway, son of Magnus IV of Sweden, proclaims himself king of Sweden in opposition to his father. However, later in the year, father and son are reconciled and rule Sweden together.
- March – Murad I succeeds his father Orhan as sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
- April – Muhammed V, Sultan of Granada, returns to the throne after the murder of the usurper Muhammed VI.
- April 6
- April 17 – Kaunas Castle in Lithuania falls to the Teutonic Order, after a month-long siege.
- June – Under the terms of the will of Sir John de Wingfield (died 1361), the church of St. Andrew and a college of priests are founded in Wingfield, Suffolk, England.
- June 22 – An alliance is formed between England and Castile.[12]
- July 8 – Valdemar IV of Denmark defeats the Hanseatic League in the naval Battle of Helsingborg.
- September 28 – Pope Urban V succeeds Pope Innocent VI, as the 200th pope.
- October 13 – The Chancellor of England for the first time opens Parliament with a speech in English.[13] Under Edward III of England, the Pleading in English Act makes English rather than Law French the official language in law courts.[12][14]
- November – Lionel of Antwerp, son of King Edward III of England, is created Duke of Clarence.
- December 21 – Constantine IV succeeds his cousin, Constantine III, as King of Armenia.
Date unknown
- Autumn 1362 or 1363 – Battle of Blue Waters: Grand Duke of Lithuania Algirdas defeats the Tatars, and takes over Kiev.
- Red Turban Rebellions: Hu Dahai, aide to Zhu Yuanzhang, is killed by Miao chieftains in Yanzhou (part of modern-day Jinhua and Hangzhou).[15] Chaghan Temur is killed and succeeded by his nephew Köke Temür.
- The Ottomans capture Philippopolis (or in 1364, 1371) and Adrianopole (the modern-day city of Edirne, or in 1369) from the Byzantine Empire, reducing its territory to the city of Constantinople, part of the Peloponessus, and some islands.
- The Öræfajökull volcano erupts in Iceland, resulting in the destruction of the district of Litlahérað by flood and tephra fall.
- The English Hospice of the Most Holy Trinity and St Thomas is founded in Rome. It goes on to become the English College, a centre for training English priests in Rome.
- Purported date of the inscription of the Kensington Runestone, at Solem, Minnesota.
1363
January–December
Date unknown
1364
January–December
Date unknown
1365
January–December
Date unknown
1366
Date unknown
1367
January–December
- January 18 – Ferdinand I becomes King of Portugal after the death of his father, Peter I.
- April 3 – Battle of Nájera: Pedro of Castile is restored as King of Castile (in modern-day Spain) after defeating his half-brother, Henry II. Pedro is aided in the battle by the English under Edward, the Black Prince, and Henry by the French.
- April 24 – Otto I, "the Evil", becomes Duke of the independent city of Göttingen (in modern-day Germany) on the death of his father, Ernst I.
- October 1 – Red Turban Rebellions: Zhu Yuanzhang takes Suzhou from Zhang Shicheng, who unsuccessfully attempts suicide before being captured and taken to Nanjing, where he dies.
- October 16 – Pope Urban V makes the first attempt to move the Papacy back to Rome from Avignon. This move is reversed in 1370, when he is forced to return to Avignon, and shortly afterwards dies.
- December 28 – Red Turban Rebellions: Hu Mei captures Shaowu, while Xu Da and Chang Yuchun capture Jinan, bringing both under Zhu Yuanzhang's control.
Date unknown
1368
January–December
Date unknown
- The Revolt of Saint Titus against rule of the Republic of Venice in the Kingdom of Candia (island of Crete) ends in failure.
- Durrës, the second-largest city in modern-day Albania (at this time known as Dyrrhachium), is captured from the Angevins by Karl Thopia, a powerful feudal prince and warlord.
- Lațcu, son of Bogdan I, deposes his nephew Petru I, and becomes voivode of Moldavia.
- Timur ascends the throne of Samarkand (in modern-day Uzbekistan).
- Maha Thammaracha II becomes ruler of the Sukhothai Kingdom (in modern-day northern Thailand) after the death of Maha Thammaracha I.
- Work begins on the surviving Great Wall of China.
- Mikhail Aleksandrovich becomes the sole ruler of Tver (in modern-day western Russia), after the death of co-ruler and rival Vasiliy Mikhailovich of Kashin.
- Moscow attacks Tver, which counter-attacks with the aid of Lithuania and the Blue Horde.
- The King of Norway sends the last Royal Ship from Norway, to the Greenland Eastern Settlement. This event is part of both the Norse colonization of the Americas, and of the History of Greenland.
- A peace treaty is signed between Norway and the Hanseatic League.
- The Bibliothèque nationale de France (National Library of France) is founded as the Royal Library at the Louvre Palace in Paris, by Charles V of France.
- Petrarch concludes writing the sequence of Italian sonnets and other poems known as Il Canzoniere.
1369
January–December
Dates unknown
Significant people
Births
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
Deaths
1360
1361
- January 7 – Gerlach I of Nassau-Wiesbaden
- March 17 – An-Nasir Hasan, Mamluk Sultan of Egypt (b. 1334/35)
- March 23 – Henry of Grosmont, Duke of Lancaster, English soldier and diplomat
- May 21 – Orhan Ghazi, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1274)
- June 9 – Philippe de Vitry, French composer (b. 1291)
- June 15 – Johannes Tauler, German mystic theologian
- June 17 – Ingeborg of Norway, princess consort and regent of Sweden (b. 1301)
- September 18 – Louis V, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1315)
- October 4 – John de Mowbray, 3rd Baron Mowbray, English baron (b. 1310)
- October 8 – John Beauchamp, 3rd Baron Beauchamp, Warden of the Cinque Ports
- November 21 – Philip I, Duke of Burgundy (plague) (b. 1346)
- date unknown
1362
- March – Orhan, Ottoman sultan (b. 1281)
- April 6 – James I, Count of La Marche, French soldier (b. 1319)
- April 10 – Maud, Countess of Leicester (b. 1339)
- May 26 – Louis of Taranto (b. 1320)
- July 11 – Anna von Schweidnitz, empress of Charles IV (b. 1339) (childbirth)
- July 22 – Louis of Durazzo, Italian soldier (poisoned) (b. 1324)
- September 7 – Joan of The Tower, Queen consort of king David II of Scotland (b. 1321)
- September 12 – Pope Innocent VI (b. 1282 or 1295)
- December 10 – Frederick III, Duke of Austria, second son of Duke Albert II of Austria (b. 1347)
- December 21 – Constantine III, King of Armenia (b. 1313)
- date unknown
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
References
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- ^ Mikael Nordberg, I kung Magnus tid (In the Times of King Magnus) ISBN 91-1-952122-7
- ^ Sumption 2001, p. 448.
- ^ a b Twitchett, Denis (1998). The Cambridge History of China, Volume 7: The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 41. ISBN 9780521243322.
- ^ George Vernadsky, "The Mongols and Russia".
- ^ "Historical Kırkpınar oil wrestling festival kicks off in northwestern Turkey". DailySabah. 2018-07-13. Retrieved 2019-03-09.
- ^ Bauden, Frédéric. "The Qalawunids: A Pedigree" http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/qalawunids/qalawunid-pedigree.pdf (PDF). University of Chicago. Retrieved 2023-06-21.
- ^ "History". www.unipv.eu (in Italian). Archived from the original on 2017-12-15. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
- ^ Lihammer, Anna (2011). ”Slaget om Visby”. Arkeologiska upptäckter i Sverige. Lund: Historiska Media ISBN 978-91-85873-96-8
- ^ Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ "Fires, Great", in The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance, Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) p27
- ^ a b Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 106–108. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ "The slang words that defined the First World War". Daily Telegraph. 13 Oct 2014. Archived from the original on 18 October 2014. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
- ^ "Statute of Pleading". Language and Law.org. 1362. Retrieved 2014-02-03.
- ^ a b History of Ming, Vol.133
- ^ İnalcık, Halil (1994). Kuruluş Dönemi Osmanlı Sultanları (in Turkish). İSAM. pp. 69–71. ISBN 978-605-5586-06-5.
- ^ Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1994) [1987]. The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. pp. 377–378. ISBN 0472082604.
- ^ "Philip II | duke of Burgundy". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2019-03-18.
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- ^ Pierce, Thomas Jones (1959). "OWAIN ap THOMAS ap RHODRI (' Owain Lawgoch '; died 1378), a soldier of fortune and pretender to the principality of Wales". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales.
- ^ Huberty, Michel; Giraud, Alain & Magdelaine, F. & B. (1981). l'Allemagne Dynastique (in French). Vol. Tome III: Brunswick-Nassau-Schwarzbourg. Le Perreux: Alain Giraud. p. 219.
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- ^ Andrew, M. (2016). The Palgrave Literary Dictionary of Chaucer. Springer. p. 11. ISBN 9780230273962.
- ^ "Eleanor de Bohun, Duchess of Gloucester". Westminster Abbey. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ "BBC - History - Historic Figures: Richard II (1367 - 1400)". bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
- ^ "Charles VI | king of France". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 6 May 2019.
- ^ "Martin V | pope". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 6 May 2019.
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