The metropolitan county of Greater Manchester is made up of 10 metropolitan boroughs: Bolton, Bury, Manchester, Oldham, Rochdale, Salford, Stockport, Tameside, Trafford and Wigan. The Grade I buildings in each borough are listed separately. Manchester, the world's first industrialised city,[3] has 15 of Greater Manchester's 48 Grade I listed buildings, the highest number of any borough. Oldham is the only borough to have no listed buildings with a Grade I rating.[4] The River Irwell forms the boundary between Manchester and Salford, so one listed structure, the railway bridge over the Irwell, has been listed under both Manchester and Salford.
Most of Greater Manchester's listed buildings date from the Victorian and Edwardian periods.[1] According to an Association for Industrial Archaeology publication, Greater Manchester is "one of the classic areas of industrial and urban growth in Britain, the result of a combination of forces that came together in the 18th and 19th centuries: a phenomenal rise in population, the appearance of the specialist industrial town, a transport revolution, and weak local lordship".[5] Much of the region, historically a part of Lancashire, was at the forefront of textile manufacturing from the early 19th century until the early 20th century, and the county includes several former mill towns.[6][7] Greater Manchester has a wealth of industrial heritage, represented by industrial architecture found throughout the county,[7] but most of its Grade I listed buildings have a municipal, ecclesiastic or other cultural heritage.
The oldest Grade I listed structure in Greater Manchester is the Parish Church of St Mary the Virgin in Eccles, completed in the 13th century but greatly expanded since then. There are eight listed manor houses, the earliest of which date from the 14th century; Wardley Hall, still in use today as the residence of the Roman Catholic Bishop of Salford, has the preserved skull of St Ambrose Barlow – one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales – on display in a niche at the top of the main staircase.[8] Three buildings are attributed to engineer George Stephenson. One of them, Liverpool Road railway station, is the oldest surviving railway station in the world.[9] The newest Grade I listed building in Greater Manchester is Royd House, built and designed by Edgar Wood in 1916 as his residence.[10] Twenty-two buildings, almost half of the total, were completed in the 19th century.
^ a b c d e f g h iThe date given is the date used by Historic England as significant for the initial building or that of an important part in the structure's description.
^ a b c d e f g h iThe "List Entry Number" is a unique number assigned to each listed building and scheduled monument by Historic England.
References
Citations
^ a b"What is a listed building?". Manchester City Council. Archived from the original on 4 January 2008. Retrieved 8 December 2007.
^"Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 (c. 9)". Ministry of Justice. Archived from the original on 18 April 2010. Retrieved 17 December 2007.
^Kidd, Alan (2006). 'Manchester: A History'. Carnegie Publishing. p. 22. ISBN 1-85936-128-5. Archived from the original on 27 December 2007.
^"Statistics by County". Images of England. Archived from the original on 26 December 2007. Retrieved 22 December 2007.
^Barnet, Stewart. "The Parish Church of All Saints' Stand, Whitefield". allsaintsmanchester.org. Archived from the original on 12 September 2010. Retrieved 13 February 2010.
^"History of Cathedral conservation area". Manchester City Council. Archived from the original on 4 January 2008. Retrieved 14 December 2007. • "Chetham's Hospital School". Manchester City Council. Archived from the original on 4 January 2008. Retrieved 14 December 2007. • "Listed buildings in Manchester by street (L)". Manchester City Council. Archived from the original on 4 January 2008. Retrieved 14 December 2007. • "Chetham's Library, Manchester". Bridgeman Art Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2006. Retrieved 14 December 2007. • Historic England. "Chetham's Hospital and Attached Wall (1283015)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 July 2013.
^ a bThe River Irwell is the boundary between Manchester and Salford, so one end of this bridge is in Manchester, the other is in Salford. Historic England. "Railway bridge over the River Irwell (1270603)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 24 December 2007.
^"Church of Saint Edmund and Associated Boundary Wall, Railings and Gates". English Heritage. Archived from the original on 17 July 2013. Retrieved 25 July 2013.
^The church has parts dating from 1120 and 1412, but substantially from 1524. The wooden steeple, built in 1667 on top of the stone tower, is believed to be one of three remaining in the country. "Church of St Leonard". vmims.com. Archived from the original on 29 August 2007. Retrieved 24 December 2007.
^"Church of St Leonard". vmims.com. Archived from the original on 29 August 2007. Retrieved 24 December 2007.
^"National Collection of Lutyens' War Memorials Listed". Historic England. 7 November 2015. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
^ a b c"Index to the List of Buildings, Structures and Features of Architectural, Archaeological or Historic Interest in Salford". Salford City Council. Archived from the original on 4 October 2008. Retrieved 22 December 2007.
^"St Mark's Church, Worsley". GENUKI.org.uk. Archived from the original on 28 March 2015. Retrieved 13 January 2008.
^"Statutory Listing - St Thomas' Church St Thomas' Place". Stockport Historic Environment Database. Stockport Metropolitan Borough Council. Archived from the original on 20 August 2011. Retrieved 5 April 2010.
Hyde, M.; O'Rourke, A; Portland, P. (2004). Around the M60: Manchester's Orbital Motorway. AMCD (Publishers). ISBN 1-897762-30-5.
Kidd, Alan (2006). Manchester: A History. Carnegie Publishing. ISBN 1-85936-128-5. Archived from the original on 27 December 2007.
McNeil, Robina; Nevell, Michael (2000). A Guide to the Industrial Archaeology of Greater Manchester. Association for Industrial Archaeology. ISBN 0-9528930-3-7.
Wyke, Terry (2005). Public Sculpture of Greater Manchester. Liverpool University Press. ISBN 0-85323-567-8.
External links
Media related to Grade I listed buildings in Greater Manchester at Wikimedia Commons