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Vila do Porto

Vila do Porto (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈvilɐ ðu ˈpoɾtu] ⓘ; "Port Town") is the single municipality, the name of the main town and one of the civil parishes on the island of Santa Maria, in the Portuguese archipelago of Azores. Its nearest neighbor, administratively, is the municipality of Povoação on the southern coast of São Miguel (to the northwest), and it is physically southwest of the islets of the Formigas. The population in 2021 was 5,408,[1] in an area of 96.89 km2 (37.41 sq mi).[2]

History

Santa Maria was the first island in the archipelago to be discovered by Diogo Silves in 1427.[3] By 2 July 1439, a royal charter from Infante D. Pedro, regent of D. Afonso V, referred to the fact that Prince Henry the Navigator had ordered that sheep be set ashore along the seven islands of the Azores (since Corvo and Flores had, at the time, not been discovered).[3] São Miguel and Santa Maria were the first islands to be settled by families from Estremadura, Alto Alentejo and Algarve, facilitated by Gonçalo Velho, then first donatary-captain of the Azores. Gonçalo Velho Cabral, nobleman in the House of the Infante D. Henrique (Henry the Navigator) and commander in the Order of Christ, arrived on the island of Santa Maria in 1432. In the cartography of the 14th Century, the island was referred to as Ilha dos Lobos (Island of Wolves, referring to the wolf seals that lived in the region at the time). It became the seat of the first Captaincy of the Azores, which initially included both Santa Maria and São Miguel.

Its first settlement originated in 1439, with the occupation of Praia dos Lobos (and eventually became the northern coastal village of Anjos). Around 1450, was the probably foundation of the settlement of Porto, by Fernão de Quental.[3] Quental's colony was established along the south coast along an escarpment overlooking a small bay that afforded protection for ships: what would become known as the Vila do Porto (town of the port). This town would become incorporated in 1470, when the town of Porto received the obligatory and first foral (charter), in addition to the establishment of the first lighthouse in the Azores.[3] Although never experiencing earthquakes since its initial settlement (in comparison to the other islands in the Azores), the community was always marked by isolation, inaccessibility and weak defensive position.

It was, by the beginning of the 17th century, the fortification of São Brás along the cliff-tops of Cimo da Rocha, was constructed, near the hermitage dedicated to Our Lady of the Conception.[3]

In 1901, it received an official visit from King Carlos I of Portugal and Queen Amélie, and later that year elected the first Republican municipal government.

Between 1942 and 1944, in the context of the Second World War, the airport was constructed to provide support and emergency facilities for the island.[3] This airport was transferred to the Portuguese Air Force in 1946, and the barrio (Bairro do Aeroporto) was begun by architect Keil do Amaral.[3]

On 21 October 1992, the historical centre was protected, a zone delimited by Vila do Porto, under Regional Legislative Decree 22/92/A.[3] By 24 August 2004, a new document was published by the regional legislature (Decree 29/2004/A), that set out the jurisdictional regime to protect, conserve and promote the cultural heritage; classified under article 58, the "historic centre" of Vila do Porto, was reclassified as a Group of Public Interest, and the older protections revoked.[3]

Geography

From Pico Alto, the view of the main settlement of the island of Santa Maria, the community of Vila do Porto

The municipality covers the entirety of the island of Santa Maria, in the eastern edge of the archipelago of the Azores. Nascently a coastal municipality, the settlements are nonetheless located over a cliff-top platform, dominated in the west by a semi-arid plain and in the east by the hugged flanks of the Pico Alto mountainous ridge. Although its principal urban area is located along linear tracts in the southwestern coast (oriented north to south), there exist various urban settlements and agglomerations throughout the island.

The municipality incorporates the island of Santa Maria in its entirety, and is divided into five parishes (population in 2021):

Sister city

Vila do Porto's sister city is:

Architecture

Civic

Military

Religious

References

  1. ^ "Resident population (No.) by Place of residence, Sex and Marital status; Decennial - 2021". Statistics Portugal. Instituto Nacional de Estatística. December 16, 2021. Archived from the original on August 15, 2022. Retrieved August 15, 2022.
  2. ^ "Portugal - Local Administrative Unit NUTS3 Correspondence Table and Land Use Data" (XLS). Eurostat. Archived from the original (XLS) on October 7, 2012.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Costa, Anouk (2012). "Núcleo urbano da Vila do Porto / Zona Classificada de Vila do Porto (IPA.00027982/PT072107050009)". Monumentos (in European Portuguese). Lisbon: Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico. Retrieved March 30, 2015.
  4. ^ "Sister Cities Directory: Massachusetts, USA". Sister Cities International. Archived from the original on March 3, 2008.
  5. ^ CMVP, ed. (31 March 2000), "Ficha D-7", Inventário do Património Histórico e Religioso para o Plano Director Municipal de Vila do Porto (in Portuguese), Vila do Porto (Azores), Portugal: Câmara Municipal de Vila do Porto, archived from the original on 15 March 2008, retrieved 30 October 2013
  6. ^ Noé, Paula (2002), SIPA (ed.), Casa do 3º Donatário da Ilha de Santa Maria (PT072107050002) (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico, retrieved 5 November 2012
  7. ^ Noé, Paula (2012), SIPA (ed.), Forte de São Brás (IPA.00015931/PT072107050007) (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico, retrieved 14 September 2016
  8. ^ Noé, Paula (2010), SIPA (ed.), Igreja Paroquial de Almagreira/Igreja de Nossa Senhora do Bom Despacho (IPA.00029938/PT072107010010) (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico, retrieved 6 May 2012
  9. ^ Noé, Paula (2010), SIPA (ed.), Igreja Paroquial de Santa Bárbara/Igreja de Santa Bárbara (IPA.00029937/PT072107020011) (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico, retrieved 2 November 2013
  10. ^ Noé, Paula (2002), SIPA (ed.), Convento de São Francisco/Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Vitória (PT072107050003) (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico, retrieved 5 November 2012
  11. ^ Noé, Paula (2012), SIPA (ed.), Capela de Nossa Senhora dos Anjos/Ermida dos Anjos e Treatro (PT072107050005) (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico, retrieved 5 November 2012
  12. ^ Valério, Bruna; Noé, Paula (2013), SIPA (ed.), Ermida de Nossa Senhora de Lourdes (IPA.00035078/PT072107020019) (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico
  13. ^ a b Valério, Bruna; Noé, Paula (2014), SIPA (ed.), Ermida de Nossa Senhora dos Remédios/Ermida de Santo Amaro (IPA.00035086) (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico, retrieved 28 March 2014
  14. ^ "11.43.24 ERMIDA DE NOSSA SENHORA DOS REMÉDIOS". Angra do Heroísmo (Azores), Portugal: Centro de Conhecimento dos Açores/Direção Regional de Cultura. 2006-11-03. Retrieved 2014-12-24.
  15. ^ Noé, Paula (2012), SIPA (ed.), Igreja Paroquial de Santa Bárbara/Igreja de Santa Bárbara (IPA.00033886/PT072107020019) (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico, retrieved 2 November 2013

Further reading