List of Indian scientists

The following article is a list of Indian scientists spanning from Ancient to Modern India, who have had a major impact in the field of science and technology.

Indian physicists and engineers

Ancient India (Pre 300 BCE)

• Lagadha, astronomer, author of one of the oldest known treatises on astrology (around late 2nd millennium BCE and early 1st millennium BCE)
• Baudhayana, mathematician, author of oldest surviving texts of Indian mathematics (around 1st millennium BCE)
• Jivaka, physician, widely regarded as a model healer in the Eastern world during ancient times (5th century BCE)
• Sushruta, father of plastic surgery, author of Sushruta Samhita which is one of the most important ancient medical treatise (600–500 BCE)
• Panini, father of linguistics (600–400 BCE)
• Charaka, physician (400–300 BCE)
• Kanada, natural scientist and philosopher who founded the Vaisheshika school of Indian philosophy which talks about atomism.(Unclear; 600–200 BCE)
• Shalihotra, veterinarian (3rd century BCE)

Classical period (300 BCE–500 CE)

• Pingala, mathematician and linguist (3rd–2nd century BCE)
• Chanakya, polymath (375–283 BCE)

Early medieval period (500–1000 CE)

• Varahamihira, astronomer (5th–6th century CE)
• Vagbhata, physician (6th century CE)
• Brahmagupta, mathematician and astronomer (598–688 CE)
• Bhaskara I, mathematician and astronomer (600–680 CE)
• Haridatta, astronomer (6th century CE)
• Lalla, astronomer and astrologer (720–790 CE)
• Madhava-kara, physician (7th–8th century CE)
• Gautama Siddha, astrologer, astronomer and compiler in Tang Dynasty, introduced 0 and Indian numerals in China (8th century CE)
• Shankaranarayana, astronomer and astrologist (840–900 CE)
• Mahavira, mathematician (9th century CE)
• Halayudha, mathematician (10th century CE)
• Aryabhata II, mathematician and astronomer (920–1000 CE)
• Manjula, astronomer (Born 932 CE)
• Utpala, astronomer (9th–10th CE)
• Vijayanandi, astronomer (940–1010 CE)

Late medieval period (1000–1500 CE)

• Sripati, astronomer, astrologer and mathematician (1019–1066 CE)
• Brahmadeva, mathematician and astronomer (1060–1130 CE)
• Satananda, astronomer (1068–1099 CE)
• Bhaskara II, mathematician and astronomer (1114–1185 CE)
• Suryadeva Yajvan, astronomer and astrologer (1191– at least 1248 CE)
• Govinda Bhattathiri, astronomer and astrologer (1237–1295 CE)
• Madhava of Sangamagrama, mathematician and astronomer, founded Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics (1340–1425 CE)
• Mahendra Suri, astronomer, wrote the Yantraraja, the first Indian treatise on the astrolabe (1340–1400 CE)
• Parameshvara Nambudiri, astronomer (1380–1460 CE)
• Nilakantha Somayaji, astronomer (1444–1544 CE)
• Damodara, astronomer (15th century CE)
• Keshava of Nandigrama, astrologer and astronomer (1496–1507)

Early modern period (1500–1800 CE)

• Jyesthadeva, astronomer (1500–1575 CE)
• Paarangot Jyeshtadevan Namboodiri, mathematician and astronomer (1500–1610 CE)
• Shankara Variyar, astronomer and mathematician (1500–1560 CE)
• Achyutha Pisharadi, Sanskrit linguist, astronomer, astrologer and mathematician (1550–1621 CE)
• Nilakantha Daivajna, astronomer and astrologer (6th century CE)
• Kamalakara, astronomer and mathematician (1616–1700 CE)
• Puthumana Somayaji, astronomer and mathematician (1660–1740 CE)
• Jagannatha Samrat, astronomer and mathematician (1652–1744 CE)
• Sawai Jai Singh, ruler and astronomer, commissioned Jantar Mantar observatory (1688–1743 CE)
• Sankara Varman, astronomer and mathematician (1774–1839 CE)

19th century CE

• Radhanath Sikdar, mathematician, calculated height of Mt. Everest (1813–1870 CE)
• Gode Venkata Juggarow, astronomer (1817–1856 CE)
• Pathani Samanta, astronomer (1835–1904 CE)
• Jagdish Chandra Bose, polymath, father of radio science (1858–1937 CE)
• Sir M. Visvesvaraya, civil engineer and statesman (1861–1962 CE)
• Prafulla Chandra Ray, chemist (1861–1944 CE)
• Shankar Abaji Bhise, invented type setting machine (1867–1935 CE)
• Indumadhab Mallick, polymath, inventor of icmic cooker (1869–1917 CE)
• Upendranath Brahmachari, physician (1873–1946 CE) synthesised urea-stibamine (carbostibamide) for the treatment of Kala-azar visceral leishmaniasis
• Shiv Ram Kashyap, botanist (1882–1934 CE)
• Darashaw Nosherwan Wadia, geologist (1883–1969 CE)
• Pandurang Sadashiv Khankhoje, scholar and agronomist (1884–1967 CE)
• M. O. P. Iyengar, botanist and phycologist (1886–1963 CE)
• Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (C. V. Raman), physicist (1888–1970 CE)
• Srinivasa Ramanujan, mathematician (1887–1920 CE)
• Satya Churn Law, naturalist and ornithologist (1888–1984 CE)
• Sisir Kumar Mitra, radio and atmospheric physicist (1890–1963 CE)
• Birbal Sahni, paleobotanist (1891–1949 CE)
• K. R. Ramanathan, physicist and meteorologist (1893–1984 CE)
• K. Ananda Rau, mathematician (1893–1966 CE)
• Meghnad Saha, astrophysicist (1893–1956 CE)
• Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis, statistician (1893–1972 CE)
• Jnan Chandra Ghosh, chemist (1894–1959 CE)
• Satyendra Nath Bose, theoretical physicist, father of God Particle (1894–1974 CE)
• Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar, colloid chemist (1894–1955 CE)
• Yellapragada Subbarow, biochemist (1895–1948 CE)
• Sunder Lal Hora, icthyologist (1896–1955 CE)
• Salim Ali, ornithologist and naturalist (1896–1987 CE)
• Janaki Ammal, botanist (1897–1984 CE)
• K.S. Krishnan, physicist (1898–1961 CE)
• M. S. Krishnan, geologist (1898–1970 CE)
• Kotcherlakota Rangadhama Rao, physicist (1898–1972 CE)

Early 20th century CE

• Kedareswar Banerjee, crystallographer (1900–1975 CE)
• L. A. Ramdas, physicist and meteorologist (1900–1979 CE)
• Raj Chandra Bose, mathematician (1901-1987 CE)
• Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai, mathematician (1901–1950 CE)
• Panchanan Maheshwari, botanist, invented test-tube fertilisation technique of Angiosperms (1904–1966 CE)
• Kailas Nath Kaul, agronomist (1905–1983 CE)
• Benjamin Peary Pal, agronomist (1906–1989 CE)
• Daulat Singh Kothari, physicist (1906–1993 CE)
• Vishnu Vasudev Narlikar, physicist (1908–1991 CE)
• Homi Jehangir Bhabha, nuclear physicist, father of Indian nuclear programme (1909–1966 CE)
• Nautam Bhatt, physicist (1909–2005 CE)
• P.R. Pisharoty, physicist and meteorologist (1909–2002 CE)
• Suri Bhagavantam, physicist (1909–1989 CE)
• Subramanyan Chandrasekhar, theoretical physicist, known for Chandrasekhar Limit (1910–1995 CE)
• Kamala Sohonie, biochemist (1911–1998 CE)
• A. S. Rao, physicist (1914–2003 CE)
• Sambhu Nath De, pathlogist (1915–1985 CE)
• Asima Chatterjee, chemist (1917–2006 CE)
• M. S. Balakrishnan, phycologist (1917–1990 CE)
• Waman Dattatreya Patwardhan, nuclear chemist (1917–2007 CE)
• Anna Mani, physicist and meteorologist (1918–2001 CE)
• Prahalad Chunnilal Vaidya, physicist and mathematician (1918–2010 CE)
• Shya Chitaley, paleobotanist (1918–2013 CE)
• V. S. Huzurbazar, statistician (1919–1991 CE)
• Vikram Sarabhai, physicist and astronomer, established Physical Research Laboratory (1919–1971 CE)
• K. S. Chandrasekharan, mathematician (1920–2017 CE)
• Satish Dhawan, aerospace engineer (1920–2002 CE)
• Siva Brata Bhattacherjee, X-ray crystallographer (1921–2003 CE)
• Vasudeva Krishnamurthy, algologist (1921–2014 CE)
• G. N. Ramachandran, biophysicist (1922–2001 CE)
• Har Gobind Khorana, biochemist (1922–2011 CE)
• Yelavarthy Nayudamma, chemical engineer (1922–1985 CE)
• Amal Kumar Raychaudhuri, theoretical physicist (1923–2005 CE)
• B. V. Sreekantan, astrophysicist (1923–2019 CE)
• Homi Sethna, nuclear physicist and chemist (1923–2010 CE)
• Harish-Chandra, mathematician and physicist (1923–1983 CE)
• Ranjan Roy Daniel, physicist (1923–2005 CE)
• M. S. Swaminathan, agronomist (1925–2023 CE)
• Nitya Anand, medicinal chemist (1925–2024 CE)
• Raja Ramanna, nuclear physicist (1925–2004 CE)
• Narinder Singh Kapany, physicist (1926–2020 CE)
• Syed Zahoor Qasim, marine biologist (1926–2015 CE)
• Samarendra Nath Biswas, theoretical physicist (1926–2005 CE)
• Yash Pal, space scientist (1926–2017 CE)
• Gopinath Kartha, crystallographer (1927–1984 CE)
• Purnima Sinha, physicist (1927–2015 CE)
• Tanjore Ramachandra Anantharaman, metallurgist (1927–2009 CE)
• Vainu Bappu, astronomer (1927–1982 CE)
• M. G. K. Menon, physicist (1928–2016 CE)
• U. Aswathanarayana, geologist (1928–2016 CE)
• Asoke Nath Mitra, theoretical physicist (1929–2022 CE)
• Arvind Joshi, computational linguist (1929–2017 CE)
• Amar Bose, electrical engineer (1929–2013 CE)
• Govind Swarup, radioastronomer (1929–2020 CE)
• Kookal Ramunni Krishnan, physician (1929–1999 CE)
• Krityunjai Prasad Sinha, theoretical physicist (1929–2023 CE)
• Shrinivas Kulkarni, mathematician (1930–2012 CE)
• A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, aerospace engineer, missile man of India (1931–2015 CE)
• E. C. George Sudarshan, theoretical physicist (1931–2018 CE)
• Manilal Bhaumik, physicist (1931–present CE)
• Nilamber Pant, space scientist (1931–present CE)
• P. K. Iyengar, nuclear physicist (1931–2011 CE)
• Surindar Kumar Trehan, mathematician (1931–2004 CE)
• C. S. Seshadri, mathematician (1932–2020 CE)
• Ganeshan Venkataraman, condensed matter physicist (1932–present CE)
• M. S. Narasimhan, mathematician (1932–2021 CE)
• Obaid Siddiqi, biologist (1932–2013 CE)
• Ratan Lal Brahmachary, biochemist (1932–2018 CE)
• Udipi Ramachandra Rao, space scientist (1932–2017 CE)
• Daya-Nand Verma, mathematician (1933–2012 CE)
• Amartya Sen, economist and philosopher (1933–present CE)
• Vasant Ranchhod Gowarikar, meteorologist (1933–2015 CE)
• Roddam Narasimha, aerospace scientist and fluid dynamicist (1934–2020 CE)
• Ajoy Ghose, mining engineer (1934–2019 CE)
• C. N. R. Rao, chemist (1934–present CE)
• Gandikota V. Rao, atmospheric scientist (1934–2004 CE)
• Subramania Ranganathan, bioorganic chemist (1934–2016 CE)
• S. Pancharatnam, optical physicist (1934–1969 CE)
• Animesh Chakravorty, chemist (1935–present CE)
• Vinod Johri, astrophycisist (1935–2015 CE)
• E. S. Raja Gopal, condensed matter physicist (1936–2018 CE)
• Jasbir Singh Bajaj, physician and diabetologist (1936–2019 CE)
• Rajagopala Chidambaram, nuclear physicist (1936–present CE)
• Yusuf Hamied, pharmaceutical scientist, (1936–present CE)
• Dronamraju Krishna Rao, geneticist (1937–2020 CE)
• B. L. K. Somayajulu, geochemist (1937–2016 CE)
• Jogesh Pati, theoretical physicist (1937–present CE)
• Raj Reddy, computer scientist (1937–present CE)
• Raghavan Narasimhan, mathematician, solved Levi problem for complex manifolds (1937–2015 CE)
• Subhash Mukhopadhyay, physician (1937–1981 CE)
• Ganapathi Thanikaimoni, palynologist (1938–1986 CE)
• A. P. Balachandran, theoretical physicist (1938–present CE)
• Chanchal Kumar Majumdar, condensed matter physicist (1938–2000 CE)
• Govindarajan Padmanabhan, biochemist and biotechnologist (1938–present CE)
• Jayant Narlikar, astrophysicist (1938–present CE)
• Shipra Guha-Mukherjee, botanist (1938–2007 CE)
• Ajoy Ghatak, physicist (1939–present CE)
• Dadaji Ramaji Khobragade, agronomist (1939–2018 CE)
• V. K. Aatre, electrical engineer (1939–present CE)
• K. R. K. Easwaran, molecular biophysicist (1939–present CE)
• M. L. Madan, biotechnologist (1939–present CE)
• Narasimhaiengar Mukunda, theoretical physicist (1939–present CE)
• Surendra Nath Pandeya, medicinal and organic chemist (1939–2012 CE)
• Ramamurti Rajaraman, theoretical physicist (1939–present CE)
• Krishnaswamy Kasturirangan, space scientist (1940–present CE)
• Sujoy K. Guha, biomedical engineer (1940–present CE)
• Darshan Ranganathan, organic chemist (1941–2001 CE)
• M. S. Raghunathan, mathematician (1941–present CE)
• Nambi Narayanan, aerospace engineer (1941–present CE)
• T. V. Ramakrishnan, theoretical physicist (1941–present CE)
• Madhav Gadgil, ecologist (1942–present CE)
• Patcha Ramachandra Rao, metallurgist (1942–2010 CE)
• Probir Roy, particle physicist (1942–present CE)
• Ravindra Shripad Kulkarni, mathematician, known for Kulkarni-Nomizu product (1942–present CE)
• Shivram Bhoje, nuclear physicist (1942–present CE)
• Subhendu Guha, photovoltaicist (1942–present CE)
• Sam Pitroda, telecommunication engineer (1942–present CE)
• Aditi Pant, oceanographer (1943–present CE)
• G Madhavan Nair, space scientist (1943–present CE)
• Anil Kakodkar, nuclear physicist (1943–present CE)
• Raghunath Anant Mashelkar, chemical engineer (1943–present CE)
• V. Balakrishnan, theoretical physicist (1943–present CE)
• Abhay Bhushan, computer scientist (1944–present CE)
• Avinash Kak, computer scientist (1944–present CE)
• Jagdish Shukla, meteorologist (1944–present CE)
• Naresh Dadhich, theoretical physicist (1944–present CE)
• Phoolan Prasad, mathematician (1944–present CE)
• S. A. Hussain, ornitholohist (1944–2009 CE)
• Tej P Singh, biophysicist (1944–present CE)
• Vijay Kumar Kapahi, astrophysicist (1944–1999 CE)
• K. N. Shankara, space scientist (1945–2017 CE)
• Prem Chand Pandey, planetary scientist (1945–present CE)
• Subhash Chandra Lakhotia, cytogeneticst (1945–present CE)
• Ranajit Chakraborty, geneticist (1946–2018 CE)
• Srikumar Banerjee, metallurgical engineer (1946–2021 CE)
• Sudipta Sengupta, structural geologist (1946–present CE)
• Vijay P. Bhatkar, computer scientist (1946–present CE)
• A. Sivathanu Pillai, aerospace engineer (1947–present CE)
• Dattatreyudu Nori, radiation oncologist (1947–present CE)
• Mathukumalli Vidyasagar, control theorist (1947–present CE)
• Prem Shanker Goel, space scientist (1947–present CE)
• Sushanta Kumar Dattagupta, condensed matter physicist (1947–present CE)
• Archana Bhattacharyya, physicist (1948–present CE)
• K. S. R. Krishna Raju, ornithologist (1948–2002 CE)
• M. R. S. Rao, biologist (1948–2023 CE)
• Predhiman Krishan Kaw, plasma physicist (1948–2017 CE)
• Thirumalachari Ramasami, leather scientist (1948–present CE)
• Abhay Ashtekar, theoritical physicist (1949–present CE)
• Jyeshtharaj Joshi, chemist and nuclear physicist (1949–present CE)
• K. Radhakrishnan, space scientist (1949–present CE)
• Sulabha K. Kulkarni, nanotechnologist (1949–present CE)
• V. K. Saraswat, aeronautic engineer (1949–present CE)
• Lilabati Bhattacharjee, mineralogist and crystallographer (unknown)
• Ram Chet Chaudhary, agronomist (unknown)
• Radha Balakrishnan, theoretical physicist (unknown)

Late 20th century CE

• Gomatam Ravi, quantum physicist (1950–present CE)
• Jitendra Nath Goswami, astrophysicist (1950–present CE)
• Kamanio Chattopadhyay, materials engineer (1950–present CE)
• Sankar K. Pal, computer scientist (1950–present CE)
• Chitra Mandal, biologist (1951–present CE)
• Daya Shankar Kulshreshtha, theoretical physicist (1951–present CE)
• H. R. Krishnamurthy, theoretical physicist (1951–present CE)
• Himmatrao Bawaskar, physician (1951–present CE)
• Indrani Bose, theoretical physicist (1951–present CE)
• Swapan Chattopadhyay, physicist (1951–present CE)
• Amitava Raychaudhuri, particle physicist (1952–present CE)
• G. R. Desiraju, structural chemist (1952–present CE)
• A. S. Kiran Kumar, space scientist (1952–present CE)
• Bikas Chakrabarti, physicist (1952–present CE)
• Rohini Godbole, physicist (1952–present CE)
• Salim Yusuf, physician (1952–present CE)
• Samir K. Brahmachari, biophysicist (1952–present CE)
• Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, structural biologist (1952–present CE)
• Vidya Arankalle, virologist (1952–present CE)
• Amar Gupta, computer scientist (1953–present CE)
• Ghanshyam Swarup, molecular biologist (1953–present CE)
• Michael Lobo, genealogist (1953–present CE)
• S. K. Shivakumar, space communications engineer (1953–2019 CE)
• Shobhona Sharma, molecular biologist (1953–present CE)
• Veena Parnaik, cell biologist (1953–present CE)
• Biman Bagchi, chemist (1954–present CE)
• C. K. Raju, polymath (1954–present CE)
• Ravindra Kumar Sinha, biologist (1954–present CE)
• Harsh Vardhan Batra, biotechnologist (1955–present CE)
• Ashoke Sen, theoretical physicist (1956–present CE)
• Gaiti Hasan, molecular biologist (1956–present CE)
• Narendra Karmarkar, mathematician, developed Karmakar algorithm (1956–present CE)
• Shrinivas Kulkarni, astronomer (1956–present CE)
• Sunil Mukhi, theoretical physicist (1956–present CE)
• Varun Sahni, theoretical physicist (1956–present CE)
• K. Sivan, aerospace engineer (1957–present CE)
• Thanu Padmanabhan, theoretical physicist (1957–2021 CE)
• Mylswamy Annadurai, aerospace engineer (1958–present CE)
• Nagendra Kumar Singh, agronomist (1958–present CE)
• Pamposh Bhat, environmentalist (1958–present CE)
• Santanu Bhattacharya, chemical biologist (1958–present CE)
• Vinod K. Singh, chemist (1959–present CE)
• Debasish Ghose, robotics engineer (1960–present CE)
• Biswarup Mukhopadhyaya, high-energy physicist (1960–present CE)
• Madan Rao, condensed matter and biological physicist (1960–present CE)
• Ram Rajasekharan, biologist (1960–present CE)
• K. Sridhar, physicist (1961–present CE)
• Lov Grover, computer scientist (1961–present CE)
• P. Kunhikrishnan, space scientist (1961–present CE)
• Tapan Misra, digital hardware engineer (1961–present CE)
• Kalpana Chawla, astronaut and aerospace engineer (1962–2003 CE)
• Rajeev Motwani, theoretical computer scientist (1962–2009 CE)
• Shekhar C. Mande, computational biologist (1962–present CE)
• Uddhab Bharali, inventor, invented pomegrante de-seeder (1962–present CE)
• Gajendra Pal Singh Raghava, bioinformatician (1963–present CE)
• Sandip Trivedi, theoretical physicist (1963–present CE)
• VA Shiva Ayyadurai, systems biologist (1963–present CE)
• S. Somanath, aerospace engineer (1963–present CE)
• Upinder Singh Bhalla, computational neuroscientist (1963–present CE)
• Charusita Chakravarty, chemist (1964–2016 CE)
• Abhik Ghosh, inorganic chemist (1964–present CE)
• Usha Kulshreshtha, theoretical physicist (1964–present CE)
• Manjula Reddy, bacterial geneticist (1965–present CE)
• Arun K. Pati, quantum physicist (1966–present CE)
• Manindra Agrawal, computer scientist (1966–present CE)
• G. K. Ananthasuresh, quantum physicist (1967–present CE)
• Giridhar Madras, mechanical engineer (1967–present CE)
• Rajesh Gopakumar, theoretical physicist (1967–present CE)
• Shubha Tole, neuroscientist (1967–present CE)
• Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay, computational biologist (1968–present CE)
• Ramesh Raskar, computer scientist (1970–present CE)
• Hari Balakrishnan, computer scientist (1971–present CE)
• G. Naresh Patwari, chemist (1972–present CE)
• Shiraz Minwalla, theoretical physicist (1972–present CE)
• Subramanian Anantha Ramakrishna, optical and condensed matter physicist (1972–present CE)
• Aloke Paul, chemical engineer (1973–present CE)
• Ambarish Ghosh, materials scientist (1973–present CE)
• Kewal Krishan, forensic anthropologist (1973–present CE)
• Rajeev Kumar Varshney, agronomist and geneticist (1973–present CE)
• Manjul Bhargava, mathematician (1974–present CE)
• Yamuna Krishnan, organic chemist (1974–present CE)
• Ritu Karidhal, aerospace engineer (1975–present CE)
• Nishith Gupta, molecular biologist (1977–present CE)
• Pragya D. Yadav, virologist (1978–present CE)
• Akhilesh K. Gaharwar, biomedical engineer (1982–present CE)
• Pranav Mistry, computer scientist, invented Samsung's SixthSense (1984–present CE)
• Tathagat Avatar Tulsi, physicist (1987–present CE)
• Praveen Kumar Gorakavi, polymath (1989–present CE)
• Alex James, computer scientist (unknown)
• Bola Vithal Shetty, chemist (unknown)
• Dipan Ghosh, theoretical physicist (unknown)
• Gursaran Talwar, physician (unknown)
• Kavita Shah, biotechnologist (unknown)
• K. N. Ganeshaiah, agronomist (unknown)
• Anita Mahadevan-Jansen, biomedical engineer (unknown)
• Mirza Faizan, aerospace scientist (unknown)
• Maneesha S. Inamdar, biologist (unknown)
• Nandini Harinath, aerospace engineer (unknown)
• Padmanabhan Balaram, biochemist (unknown)
• Rashna Bhandari, biologist (unknown)
• Rama Govindarajan, fluid dynamicist (unknown)
• Rohini Balakrishnan, bioacousticist (unknown)
• Seema Bhatnagar, synthetic chemist (unknown)
• Shoba Sivasankar, geneticist (unknown)
• Siva S. Banda, aerospace engineer (unknown)
• Sivaram Murthy, computer scientist (unknown)
• Subhash Kak, computer scientist (unknown)
• Subrata Roy, fluid dynamicist (unknown)
• Somak Raychaudhury, astrophysicist (unknown)
• Sudhir Kumar Vempati, high-energy physicist (unknown)
• Suchitra Sebastian, condensed matter physicist (unknown)
• Ujjwal Maulik, computer scientist (1965–present CE)
• Uma Ramakrishnan, molecular ecologist (unknown)
• Umesh Waghmare, physicist (unknown)
• R.K. Kotnala, scientist (1982–present CE)

See also

• Biography portal
• India portal
• Science portal

• Lists of scientists
• List of Indians
• List of Indian mathematicians
• List of Indian astronauts

References