stringtranslate.com

Тодд Янг

Тодд Кристофер Янг (родился 24 августа 1972 года) — американский адвокат и политик, занимающий пост старшего сенатора США от штата Индиана (это место он занимает с 2017 года). Член Республиканской партии , Янг ранее занимал должность представителя США в Индиане. 9-й избирательный округ . Он был избран в Сенат США на всеобщих выборах 8 ноября 2016 года, сменив уходящего в отставку республиканца Дэна Коутса . С 2019 по 2021 год он занимал пост председателя Национального республиканского сенаторского комитета. Янг был переизбран в 2022 году .

ранняя жизнь и образование

Янг родился 24 августа 1972 года в Ланкастере, штат Пенсильвания , и был вторым из трёх детей Нэнси Р. (урожденная Пирс) и Брюса Х. Янга. [1] Он жил в округе Мэрион, штат Индиана , в течение нескольких лет, прежде чем поселиться в округе Гамильтон, штат Индиана , где он посещал государственные школы и выиграл чемпионат штата по футболу. [2] В 1990 году Янг окончил среднюю школу Кармел в Кармеле, штат Индиана . [3]

Военная карьера

После окончания средней школы Янг поступил на службу в ВМС США и прибыл на службу в Ньюпорт, штат Род-Айленд . В мае 1991 года он получил назначение от министра военно-морского флота для обучения в Военно-морской академии США в Аннаполисе, штат Мэриленд , где одноклассники избрали его классным офицером, и он получил университетскую грамоту как член футбольной команды первого дивизиона NCAA ВМФ. . Он окончил университет с отличием в 1995 году [4] , получив степень бакалавра политических наук, и поступил на службу в Корпус морской пехоты США .

Окончив Аннаполис, Янг шесть месяцев обучался в базовой школе в Квантико, штат Вирджиния . В 1996 году он закончил базовый курс офицеров военно-морской разведки в Дам-Нек , штат Вирджиния. Затем Янг возглавлял разведывательный отдел VMU-2 , эскадрильи беспилотных летательных аппаратов , базирующейся в Черри-Пойнт, Северная Каролина . В 2000 году, находясь в районе Чикаго, Янг получил степень MBA в Высшей школе бизнеса Чикагского университета . [5]

Послевоенная карьера

Янг был с честью уволен с действительной военной службы в 2000 году в звании капитана морской пехоты США . После ухода с действительной военной службы Янг провел год в Лондоне, посещая Институт исследований США при Лондонском университете . Написав диссертацию по экономической истории сельского хозяйства Среднего Запада, в 2001 году Янг получил степень магистра американской политики. [6]

Летом 2001 года Янг отправился в бывшие коммунистические страны Восточной Европы, где изучал переход от централизованно планируемой экономики к свободному рынку в рамках программы обучения руководителей в Лейпцигской высшей школе менеджмента , первой частной бизнес-школе в восточной Германии. Он работал адъюнкт-профессором по связям с общественностью в Школе общественных и экологических отношений Университета Индианы и по вечерам посещал юридический факультет. [7] В 2004 году он присоединился к компании Crowe Chizek and Company , базирующейся в Индиане, в качестве консультанта по вопросам управления , помогая клиентам органов власти штата и местных органов власти улучшать предоставление услуг гражданам Индианы. [ нужна цитата ]

В 2006 году Янг получил степень доктора права в юридической школе имени Роберта Х. МакКинни при Университете Индианы , где он был президентом школьного отделения Общества федералистов . После окончания учебы он присоединился к фирме Tucker and Tucker, PC в Паоли , штат Индиана. [7] Янг является членом 2007 года Форума лидеров Индианы. [8]

Ранняя политическая карьера

В 2001 году он переехал в Вашингтон, округ Колумбия, где некоторое время работал в The Heritage Foundation , консервативном аналитическом центре. Затем он стал штатным сотрудником американского сенатора Ричарда Лугара . [9] В 2003 году Янг вызвался участвовать в кампании Митча Дэниэлса на пост губернатора Индианы . Он был делегатом съезда Республиканской партии штата Индиана. С 2007 по 2010 год Янг занимал должность помощника заместителя прокурора округа Ориндж, штат Индиана . [10] В 2007 году Янг основал группу по защите финансовой ответственности — Национальную организацию «Люди против безответственных государственных расходов». [7]

Палата представителей США

Выборы

2010 год

26 января 2009 года Янг объявил, что будет баллотироваться на место в Конгрессе США в 9-м округе Индианы как республиканец . [11] [12] [13]

Янг соревновался с другими республиканцами Майком Содрелом и Трэвисом Хэнкинсом за выдвижение партии в Конгресс и победил, бросив вызов действующему демократу Бэрону Хиллу на всеобщих выборах. Янг получил поддержку от бывшего вице-президента Дэна Куэйла [14] , а также вице-губернатора Бекки Скиллман , генерального прокурора Грега Зеллера , государственного секретаря Тодда Рокиты , аудитора Тима Берри и казначея Ричарда Мурдока . [13]

Янг выиграл первичные и всеобщие выборы, победив действующего барона Хилла 2 ноября 2010 года, и занял место в 112-м Конгрессе в январе 2011 года. [15]

2012 год

Янг победила Шелли Йодер , набрав 55% голосов в недавно перераспределенном 9-м округе. [16]

2014 год

Янг победил Билла Бэйли, набрав 62% голосов. [17]

Срок владения

Портрет Янга на 112-м Конгрессе

Янг является членом Республиканского партнерства Мейн-стрит вместе с тремя другими сенаторами-республиканцами. [18] Партнерство Мейн-стрит считается ассоциацией умеренных республиканцев. [19] В 2013 году National Journal дал Янгу общий сводный рейтинг 69% консерваторов и 31% либералов, экономический рейтинг 69% консерваторов и 30% либералов, социальный рейтинг 57% консерваторов и 42% либералов, а также зарубежный рейтинг. политический рейтинг 77% консерваторов и 15% либералов. [20]

Янг с сенатором штата Джимом Мерриттом в январе 2013 года.

На 112-м Конгрессе Янг голосовал за Республиканскую партию в 95% случаев. [21] Во время 113-го Конгресса Кампания по правам человека , которая оценивает поддержку политиками вопросов ЛГБТ , получила рейтинг Янга 30%, что указывает на неоднозначные результаты. [22] В июле 2012 года Янг стал ведущим спонсором Закона REINS, законопроекта, который был принят Палатой представителей в 2011 году и потребует одобрения Конгрессом правил, экономический эффект которых составит более 100 миллионов долларов. [23]

На 112-м Конгрессе Янг был членом Бюджетного комитета Палаты представителей и Комитета Палаты представителей по вооруженным силам . Что касается последнего, он сосредоточился на морской мощи , электронной войне и большой военной стратегии Соединенных Штатов. Во время первой сессии 112-го Конгресса он нанял одного из стипендиатов Конгресса Германского фонда Маршалла в качестве военного помощника по законодательству. [24]

В 2010 году Янг заявил, что он не уверен, что является причиной наблюдаемого нагрева планеты, что это могут быть солнечные пятна или нормальные природные циклы, и что «наука еще не решена». [25] В том же году он подписал обещание, спонсируемое организацией «Американцы за процветание» , пообещав голосовать против любого закона о глобальном потеплении, который повысит налоги. [26]

В 2011 году он проголосовал за Закон о предотвращении налогов на энергию 2011 года. [27] В 2014 году он сказал, что «не обязательно» существует научный консенсус по вопросу изменения климата . [28]

Спонсируемое законодательство

When he introduced the Fairness for American Families Act, Young argued that "rather than driving healthcare costs down, the individual mandate is imposing a new tax and burdensome costs on middle class families" and therefore "hardworking Americans deserve the same exemptions that President Obama is unilaterally granting to businesses and labor unions."[30]

Committee assignments

Caucus Memberships

Appointments

U.S. Senate

Young with Brett Kavanaugh in 2018
Young with President Donald Trump in 2018
Young with Vice President Mike Pence in 2017

Elections

2016

Rather than run for reelection to the House, Young announced his candidacy for the Republican nomination in the 2016 election to fill the Senate seat of the retiring Dan Coats.[34] Also filing for the Republican primary was U.S. Representative Marlin Stutzman. Although Young was certified as having submitted enough signatures to qualify for the primary ballot, that official certification was challenged, and a tally by the Associated Press concluded that Young had fallen short.[35] The state Election Commission scheduled a hearing on the challenge for February 19, 2016.[35] The commission voted down the challenge with a 2–2 vote and Young remained on the ballot.[36]

Young easily defeated Stutzman in the May 3 primary, taking 67% of approximately one million votes cast.[37] He was initially slated to face former U.S. Representative Baron Hill, whom Young had defeated in 2010 to win his congressional seat, but on July 11, Hill announced he was dropping out of the Senate race.[38] Hill was replaced by Evan Bayh, who had held the seat from 1999 to 2011.[39] Young defeated Bayh in the November 8 general election, winning 52% of the vote to Bayh's 42%.[40][41][42]

2022

Young won re-election to a second term in 2022, defeating Democratic nominee Thomas McDermott Jr. 58.6% to 37.9%.

Tenure

On January 3, 2017, Young was sworn into the United States Senate in the 115th Congress by Vice President Joe Biden. Young was ranked the ninth most bipartisan Senator in the first session of the 115th Congress by the Bipartisan Index, a metric created by the Lugar Center and Georgetown's McCourt School of Public Policy to assess congressional bipartisanship.[43][44] GovTrack noted that during the same period, Young joined more bipartisan bills than any other freshman Senator.[45]

Young planned to vote in support of certifying the Electoral College count on January 6, 2021. Young also said he supported efforts to create a bipartisan "Election Integrity Committee" to review the 2020 presidential election.[46] While entering the US Capitol to participate in the certification on January 6, 2021, Young was accosted by pro-Trump protestors.[47] He was questioned as to why he would vote to support the count, claiming voter fraud.[47] Young explained that "When it comes to the law, our opinions don't matter — the law matters."[47] The South Bend Tribune's editorial board wrote "Young was right to reject the move that Braun had embraced — but his words should have come two months earlier, not at the last minute. That would have been upholding his duty and fulfilling his oath of office."[48] Young, however, publicly acknowledged Biden as President-elect immediately following the official Electoral College tally on December 15, 2020.[49][50] He was participating in the count when the storming of the Capitol happened. Upon the storming, Young tweeted "This is not a peaceful protest – it is violence and reprehensible. It must stop."[51] Young then voted in support of certifying the count when Congress was able to return to session.[47] In the wake of the attack, Young would not comment on if he supported using the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution to remove Trump, stating that he trusted the Vice President and Trump cabinet members to "conscientiously and legally carry out their duties until Jan. 20."[52]

In 2022, Young cosponsored, with Democratic Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer (NY), the CHIPS and Science Act, a $280 billion bill intended to promote basic and advanced technology research and development, with a focus on the American semiconductor industry, aiming to outcompete China in technological fields in the coming years.[53][54] Young had also been involved in stalled efforts along similar lines on a bill known as United States Innovation and Competition Act in 2021.[55][56] The CHIPS and Science Act passed the Senate on July 27, 2022, and was signed into law by Joe Biden on August 9, 2022.[57]

Since the start of the 118th Congress in January 2023, Young has occupied the Senate Candy Desk, replacing retired Senator Pat Toomey (R-PA).

Committee assignments

Caucus memberships

Political positions

Young is a member of Republican Main Street Partnership, a group that presents what it describes as centrist Republican solutions in politics; it is considered a center to center-right Republican organization.[60] He was given a 0% grade in 2016 by the progressive Americans for Democratic Action. The American Conservative Union, a fiscally conservative political action committee, has given Young a 77.26% lifetime rating as of May 2023.[61] As of April 2020, according to Five ThirtyEight, Young voted with President Trump's position on legislation about 84% of the time.[62] The nonpartisan National Journal determined, based on its 2013 voting analysis, that Young has a composite 69% conservative score and a 31% liberal score.[63] He has endorsed the American Compass Rebuilding American Capitalism: A Handbook for Conservative Policymakers, a policy document and thinktank associated with and endorsed by other Republican figures including senators J. D. Vance, Josh Hawley, Tom Cotton, and Marco Rubio.[64] Young later presented a forum on Capitol Hill among these other supporters.[64]

In March 2024, Young announced that he would not endorse Trump in the 2024 United States presidential election.[65]

Abortion and reproductive issues

Young opposes abortion. He was endorsed by the National Right to Life Committee (NRLC), which gave him a 100% rating in 2018; he has a 0% rating from the abortion rights groups NARAL Pro-Choice America and Planned Parenthood.[63] Young also believes that employers with religious objections should not be required to provide birth control to their female employees.[66] He was a co-sponsor of legislation to defund Planned Parenthood and voted to prohibit federal funding for Planned Parenthood.[67] Young believes Roe v. Wade was wrongly decided. On the day the 2022 overturning of Roe v. Wade was announced, he called it "a monumental day for the protection of life in America" and that the Supreme Court had "corrected a historic injustice."[68]

Gun law

The NRA Political Victory Fund (NRA-PVF) endorsed Young for Senate in 2016 and has given him an "A+" rating.[69][70] In 2018, Gun Owners of America, a gun rights organization, gave Young a 50% score while the NRA gave him a much higher 100% rating.[71]

Young voted to pass the Bipartisan Safer Communities Act in June 2022.[72]

Immigration

Young opposes the DREAM Act and a pathway to citizenship for the nearly 12 million undocumented immigrants in the United States.[66] NumbersUSA, which wants to restrict and reduce immigration, has given him a lifetime 80% rating while the Federation for American Immigration Reform, which also seeks to restrict immigration, gave him a 100% score; the American Immigration Lawyers Association, which supports immigration reform, gave Young a 33% rating.[63] UnidosUS, formerly La Raza, which supports immigration reform, gave Young a 59% rating in 2014.[63] Young has said he wants an immigration system based on merit and job skills.[73] In 2018, he introduced a bill cosponsored with Senator Ted Cruz to end family separations at the border that resulted from President Trump's "zero tolerance" policy.[74]

LGBT rights

The organization On the Issues considers Young to be neutral on the issue of same-sex marriage; he was given a 30% rating by Human Rights Campaign (HRC), which supports same-sex marriage and gay rights, indicating a mixed record.[75] In 2016, the HRC gave him a 2% rating.[71] Young believes same-sex marriage should be left to the states to decide.[76] He said that he supports the current policy allowing gays and lesbians to serve openly in the military.[77] In 2016, Young was among the Republicans who voted with Democrats in favor of a spending amendment to uphold President Obama's executive order prohibiting discrimination based on sexual orientation for federal contractors.[78] He was one of 30 Republicans who voted for an amendment to prohibit discrimination by federal contractors, but voted against a similar amendment in a military spending bill.[79] In 2022, he was one of 12 Republicans voting to advance the Respect for Marriage Act, legislation to codify same-sex marriage into federal law.[80]

Supreme Court

Young meets with Supreme Court nominee Amy Coney Barrett in September 2020

On October 6, 2018, Young voted to confirm Brett Kavanaugh to the United States Supreme Court.[81]

In March 2019, Young was one of twelve senators to cosponsor a resolution that would impose a constitutional amendment limiting the Supreme Court to nine justices. The resolution was introduced following multiple Democratic presidential candidates expressing openness to the idea of expanding the seats on the Supreme Court.[82]

Foreign policy

In July 2017, Young voted in favor of the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act that placed sanctions against Russia together with Iran and North Korea.[83]

Young supported an Anti-Boycott Act,[84] which would make it illegal for U.S. companies to engage in boycotts against Israel and Israeli settlements in the West Bank.[85]

Young condemned the genocide of the Rohingya Muslim minority in Myanmar and called for a stronger response to the crisis.[86][87]

In February 2019, Young was one of seven senators to reintroduce legislation requiring sanctions on Saudi officials involved in the killing of Jamal Khashoggi and seeking to address support for the Yemen civil war through prohibiting some weapons sales to Saudi Arabia and U.S. military refueling of Saudi coalition planes.[88] In May 2019, he was also one of seven Republicans who attempted to override President Trump's veto of the resolution regarding Yemen.[89] In June 2019, Young was one of seven Republicans to vote to block President Trump's Saudi arms deal providing weapons to Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates and Jordan, and was one of six Republicans to vote against an additional 20 arms sales.[90] In 2020, he was one of eight Republicans who voted with Democrats for a resolution limiting the president's ability to strike Iran.[91]

In 2021, Young introduced bipartisan legislation with Senator Tim Kaine that would repeal the 1991 and 2002 authorizations of war, which have been used by the executive to wage prolonged conflict in the Middle-East without congressional approval.[92]

In 2023, Young visited Taiwan January 16–18, as part of a larger visit to the Indo-Pacific region. Young met with the Taiwanese President, Tsai Ing-Wen, senior leaders and private sector representatives to discuss U.S.-Taiwan relations, regional security, trade and investment, global supply chains, and other significant issues of mutual interest.[93]

2021 storming of the United States Capitol

On May 28, 2021, Young voted against creating an independent commission to investigate the 2021 United States Capitol attack.[94]

Personal life

Todd Young and Jennifer Tucker, niece-in-law of former vice president Dan Quayle (whose Senate seat Young coincidentally now holds), married in 2005. The couple has four children.[95]

As of 2018, according to OpenSecrets.org, Young's net worth was negative, owing more than $1.3 million.[96]

He is a Protestant.[97]

Electoral history

U.S. House of Representatives

U.S. Senate

References

  1. ^ "Todd Young ancestry". Freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com. Retrieved February 16, 2016.
  2. ^ Horn, Marissa (April 14, 2015). "Congressional soccer game puts Republicans on top". McClatchy DC. Retrieved August 22, 2016.
  3. ^ Swift, Fred (April 21, 2011). "CHS' Young making a name for himself". The Times. Archived from the original on September 15, 2016. Retrieved August 22, 2016.
  4. ^ "Class Listing". Usna.com. November 9, 2001. Retrieved January 11, 2010.
  5. ^ "Notes". The University of Chicago Magazine. Retrieved July 6, 2021.
  6. ^ Day, Garrett (October 28, 2014). "9th District: Young credits family, setbacks for political successes". The Statehouse File. Retrieved August 22, 2016.
  7. ^ a b c "Lawyer files for 9th District run". Madison Courier. January 27, 2009. Archived from the original on September 15, 2016. Retrieved August 22, 2016.
  8. ^ "ILF Alumni, Class of 2007". Indianaleadershipforum.com. Retrieved January 11, 2010.
  9. ^ "Todd C Young, Congressional Staffer – Salary Data". LegiStorm. Retrieved January 11, 2010.
  10. ^ "YOUNG, Todd – Biographical Information". bioguide.congress.gov. Retrieved October 22, 2018.
  11. ^ "Ninth District Drama". Capitol Watchblog. Archived from the original on July 15, 2011. Retrieved January 11, 2010.
  12. ^ "NRCC adds 32 to Young Guns program". The Hill. Retrieved January 11, 2010.
  13. ^ a b "Indiana poised to play major role in battle for Congress". fwdailynews.com. Retrieved January 17, 2010.
  14. ^ "Quayle Picks Dold in Competitive Primary for Kirk's Seat". CQ Politics. Archived from the original on January 30, 2010. Retrieved January 16, 2010.
  15. ^ "Republican Todd Young wins easily over incumbent Baron Hill", Louisville Courier-Journal; accessed November 9, 2016.
  16. ^ "Central Indiana Election Results – 13 WTHR Indianapolis". Wthr.com. Retrieved February 16, 2016.
  17. ^ "Secretary of State : Election Division: Election Results". Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  18. ^ "Members – Republican Main Street Partnership". Republican Main Street Partnership. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
  19. ^ Schaller, Tom (July 28, 2010). "Blue Dogs Lessons From GOP Moderates". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
  20. ^ Barnes, James A.; Keating, Holland; Charlie, Cook; Michael, Barone; Louis, Jacobson; Louis, Peck (2015). The almanac of American politics 2016 : members of Congress and governors: their profiles and election results, their states and districts. ISBN 9781938518317. OCLC 927103599.
  21. ^ "Washington Post Votes Database". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 9, 2016.
  22. ^ "113th Congressional Scorecard" (PDF). hrc.org. Human Rights Campaign. 2016. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
  23. ^ "Davis passes REINS Act to Young". Wfpl.org. July 26, 2012. Retrieved February 16, 2016.
  24. ^ Bruns, Sebastian (2012). "A Window Seat on American Politics: Reflections on the GMFUS/APSA Congressional Fellowship". PS: Political Science and Politics. 45 (2): 343–345. doi:10.1017/S1049096512000078. ISSN 1049-0965. JSTOR 41433719.
  25. ^ Broder, John (October 20, 2010). "Climate Change Doubt Is Tea Party Article of Faith". The New York Times. Retrieved October 21, 2016.
  26. ^ "Americans for Prosperity Applauds Indiana U.S. House Candidate Todd Young" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on June 1, 2012. Retrieved October 13, 2014.
  27. ^ Energy Tax Prevention Act of 2011 votes, April 7, 2011; accessed November 9, 2016.
  28. ^ "In their own words: Todd Young on climate change", video clip on WLKY.com, October 8, 2014.
  29. ^ "H.R. 2668 – Summary". United States Congress. Retrieved July 16, 2013.
  30. ^ a b Kasperowicz, Pete. "House releases texts of health insurance mandate delays". TheHill.com. Retrieved July 16, 2013.
  31. ^ "House approves ObamaCare bill despite veto threat". Fox News. Retrieved August 14, 2016.
  32. ^ Kasperowicz, Pete (April 2, 2014). "House advances bill to end ObamaCare's 30-hour workweek". The Hill. Retrieved April 3, 2014.
  33. ^ a b "H.R. 2575 – Summary". United States Congress. Retrieved April 3, 2014.
  34. ^ Groppe, Maureen (July 12, 2015). "Todd Young enters crowded GOP primary for Dan Coats' Senate seat". Indianapolis Star. Retrieved November 9, 2016.
  35. ^ a b Slodysko, Brian (February 11, 2016). "Two top Indiana Republicans said Thursday they were surprised U.S. Senate candidate Todd Young may have failed to gather enough signatures to qualify for the ballot". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved February 14, 2016.
  36. ^ Cook, Tony; Schneider, Chelsea (February 19, 2016). "Todd Young survives challenges to his U.S. Senate candidacy". Indianapolis Star. Retrieved November 14, 2016.
  37. ^ Kevin Robillard (May 3, 2016). "Todd Young wins Indiana GOP Senate primary". Politico. Retrieved July 11, 2016.
  38. ^ "Baron Hill withdraws from U.S. Senate race; Evan Bayh to enter race". WTHR. July 11, 2016. Archived from the original on July 12, 2016. Retrieved July 11, 2016.
  39. ^ Tom LoBianco (July 11, 2016). "First on CNN: Evan Bayh mounting Senate return". CNN.
  40. ^ Gallagher, Shaun; Catanzarite, Maria (November 8, 2016). "Todd Young wins Indiana U.S. Senate seat, defeating Evan Bayh". WNDU-TV. Associated Press.
  41. ^ "Indiana U.S. Senate Results: Todd Young Wins". The New York Times. Retrieved November 14, 2016.
  42. ^ Cook, Tony (November 1, 2016). "Todd Young's campaign banks heavily on outside groups". Indianapolis Star. Retrieved September 16, 2020.
  43. ^ "The Lugar Center – McCourt School Bipartisan Index" (PDF). Washington, D.C.: The Lugar Center. April 24, 2018. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  44. ^ "Aisle-crossers". The Journal Gazette. Fort Wayne, Indiana. May 2, 2018. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  45. ^ "Sen. Todd Young's 2017 Report Card". Washington, D.C.: GovTrack. January 6, 2018. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  46. ^ "Reactions to Washington rioting vary". Greensburg Daily News. January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
  47. ^ a b c d Edmondson, Catie (January 9, 2021). "Facing Backlash, Republicans Confront Trump's Effect on Their Party". The New York Times. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
  48. ^ "Our Opinion: Too little, too late from Indiana representatives". South Bend Tribune. January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
  49. ^ Gerike, Lydia. "Indiana's U.S. Senators, AG-elect Todd Rokita respond to Joe Biden's win, SCOTUS ruling". The Indianapolis Star. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
  50. ^ Solender, Andrew. "Just 25 Republicans In Congress Have Acknowledged Biden's Win Since Electoral College Vote". Forbes. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
  51. ^ Turner, Brock E. W. (January 7, 2021). "Indiana's Congressional Delegation Responds To Insurrection, Defends Elector Approval Votes". News – Indiana Public Media. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
  52. ^ Andrea, Lawrence (January 8, 2021). "Indiana Rep. André Carson joins call to remove Trump from office". The Indianapolis Star. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
  53. ^ Kelly, Makena (July 28, 2022). "CHIPS Act clears Congress, ensuring $52 billion boost to US foundries". The Verge. Retrieved August 5, 2022.
  54. ^ Breuninger, Kevin (August 2, 2022). "Biden to sign bill boosting China competition and U.S. chip production". CNBC. Retrieved August 5, 2022.
  55. ^ Martina, Michael; Shepardson, David (May 13, 2021). "U.S. Senate panel approves tech bill to address China". Reuters. Retrieved May 13, 2021.
  56. ^ Rattigan, Kathryn M. (April 15, 2021). "The Endless Frontier Act: Shifting the Focus from Defense to Offense". National Law Review, Volume XI, Number 105. Retrieved May 13, 2021.
  57. ^ Breuninger, Kevin (August 9, 2022). "Biden signs China competition bill to boost U.S. chipmakers". CNBC.com.
  58. ^ "U.S. Senate: Committee Assignments of the 117th Congress". www.senate.gov.
  59. ^ "MEMBERS". RMSP. Retrieved March 1, 2021.
  60. ^ "Republican Main Street Partnership to Showcase Centrist Republican Solutions for 2008, January 21st, 2008 – Republican Main Street Partnership". Republican Main Street Partnership. September 1, 2011. Archived from the original on July 20, 2018. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
  61. ^ "Lawmakers". CPAC Center for Legislative Accountability.
  62. ^ Bycoffe, Aaron (January 30, 2017). "Tracking Congress In The Age Of Trump". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved January 2, 2019.
  63. ^ a b c d "Todd Young's Ratings and Endorsements". votesmart.org.
  64. ^ a b "Rebuilding American Capitalism Provides the Agenda for Conservative Economics". American Compass. June 14, 2023. Retrieved July 19, 2024.
  65. ^ Mason, Tommy (March 7, 2024). "Senator Todd Young says he will not support Trump in 2024". WTHI-News10. AMG Broadcasting. Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  66. ^ a b Project, Campus Election Engagement (October 11, 2016). "Evan Bayh vs. Todd Young: Nonpartisan Candidate Guide for 2016 Indiana Senate Race". Huffington Post. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
  67. ^ "Todd Young's Voting Record on Issue". votesmart.org.
  68. ^ Young, Todd. ""Today is a monumental day for the protection of life in America and a defining moment for our nation. Roe v. Wade was wrongly decided, and the Supreme Court has corrected a historic injustice."". Twitter. Retrieved June 24, 2022.
  69. ^ "VOTE FREEDOM FIRST ON OR BEFORE NOVEMBER 8TH – VOTE TODD YOUNG FOR U.S. SENATE!". nrapvf.org. NRA-PVF. Archived from the original on May 25, 2022. The NRA Political Victory Fund (NRA-PVF) has endorsed Todd Young for U.S. Senate in Indiana.
  70. ^ "NRA Launches TV Ad Buy to Defeat Bayh". NRA-ILA. Archived from the original on June 18, 2017. Retrieved October 4, 2017.
  71. ^ a b "The Voter's Self Defense System". Vote Smart. Retrieved November 20, 2018.
  72. ^ "Here are the 14 GOP senators who voted to advance gun safety bill". The Hill. Archived from the original on June 22, 2022. Retrieved June 21, 2022.
  73. ^ Bulletin, Ken de la Bastide The Herald. "Sen. Todd Young wants immigration based on job skills". Herald Bulletin. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
  74. ^ Mack, Justin L. "Sen. Todd Young cosponsoring Ted Cruz bill to keep immigrant families together". Indianapolis Star. Retrieved March 20, 2019.
  75. ^ "Todd Young on the Issues". ontheissues.org. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
  76. ^ Bailey, Phillip M. (June 26, 2014). "What Do Indiana Lawmakers Say About Judge's Ruling Rejecting Same-Sex Marriage Ban?". 89.3 WFPL News Louisville. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
  77. ^ Carden, Dan (September 20, 2016). "Young criticized for supporting ban on gays in military". nwitimes.com. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
  78. ^ Groppe, Maureen; Singer, Paul. "Indiana lawmakers take different sides on gay rights". Indianapolis Star. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
  79. ^ McPherson, Lindsey (May 20, 2016). "Really, 30 Republicans Switched Sides on LGBT Discrimination". Roll Call. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
  80. ^ Turner, Trish. "Historic same-sex marriage bill advances in Senate". ABC News. Retrieved November 18, 2022.
  81. ^ Perleberg, Mike (October 8, 2018). "Donnelly's Message Following Vote Against Kavanaugh". Eagle Country Online.
  82. ^ Carney, Jordain (March 25, 2019). "Senate GOP proposes constitutional amendment to keep SCOTUS at 9 seats". The Hill.
  83. ^ "U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 115th Congress – 1st Session". senate.gov. July 27, 2017.
  84. ^ Cardin, Benjamin L. (March 23, 2017). "Cosponsors – S.720 – 115th Congress (2017–2018): Israel Anti-Boycott Act". congress.gov.
  85. ^ Shakir, Omar (December 18, 2018). "Don't Punish US Companies That Help End Abuses in the West Bank". Human Rights Watch.
  86. ^ Hussein, Fatima (October 22, 2017). "Sen. Todd Young urges action to end Muslim genocide in Myanmar". IndyStar.
  87. ^ Zengerle, Patricia (September 26, 2018). "Lawmakers urge U.S. to call Myanmar's Rohingya campaign genocide". Reuters.
  88. ^ Kheel, Rebecca (February 7, 2019). "Senators reintroduce bill to punish Saudis for Khashoggi killing". The Hill.
  89. ^ Levine, Marianne (May 2, 2019). "Senate fails to override Trump's veto on Yemen". POLITICO. Retrieved May 6, 2019.
  90. ^ Carney, Jordain (June 20, 2019). "Senate votes to block Trump's Saudi arms sale". The Hill.
  91. ^ Shesgreen, Deirdre (February 13, 2020). "Eight Republicans join Democrats to pass Senate measure to limit President Trump's war powers against Iran". news.yahoo.com. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  92. ^ "Bipartisan senators introduce bill to strip Biden of war powers". POLITICO. March 3, 2021. Retrieved March 3, 2021.
  93. ^ "U.S. Congressional Delegation Visits Taiwan". American Institute in Taiwan. January 16, 2023. Retrieved January 16, 2023.
  94. ^ "Which senators supported a Jan. 6 Capitol riot commission". Washington Post. May 28, 2021.
  95. ^ Groppe, Maureen (April 17, 2016). "U.S. Senate race: Todd Young, the GOP establishment candidate". The Indianapolis Star. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  96. ^ "Todd Young - Net Worth - Personal Finances". OpenSecrets.org. Retrieved November 15, 2021.
  97. ^ "Religious affiliation of members of 118th Congress" (PDF). PEW Research Center. January 3, 2023. Retrieved April 18, 2023.
  98. ^ "Historical Election Results – 2010". in.gov. Retrieved March 26, 2021.
  99. ^ "Historical Election Results – 2012". in.gov. Retrieved March 26, 2021.
  100. ^ "Historical Election Results – 2014". in.gov. Retrieved March 26, 2021.
  101. ^ "Indiana Primary Election, May 3, 2016". Indiana Secretary of State. Retrieved May 6, 2016.
  102. ^ "Indiana General Election, November 8, 2016". Indiana Secretary of State. Retrieved December 19, 2016.

External links