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Список продуктов IBM

IBM 526 Printing Summary Punch, около 1948 г., с французской раскладкой клавиатуры

Список продуктов IBM представляет собой частичный список продуктов, услуг и дочерних компаний корпорации International Business Machines (IBM) и ее предшественников, начиная с 1890-х годов. [1]

Контекст

Корпорация International Business Machines (IBM) и ее предшественники предлагали продукты, услуги и дочерние компании с 1890-х годов. [1] Этот список включает эти предложения и является эклектичным; он включает, например, AN/FSQ-7 , который не был продуктом в смысле предлагаемого для продажи , но был продуктом в смысле изготовленного — произведенного трудом IBM . Включены несколько машин, изготовленных для Бюро астрономических вычислений в Колумбийском университете, а также некоторые машины, построенные только в качестве демонстраций технологий IBM. Отсутствуют многие RPQ , продукты OEM (например, полупроводники) и расходные материалы (например, перфокарты). Эти и другие продукты отсутствуют просто потому, что никто их не добавил.

IBM иногда использует один и тот же номер для системы и для главного компонента этой системы. Например, IBM 604 Calculating Unit является компонентом IBM 604 Calculating Punch. И разные подразделения IBM использовали одни и те же номера моделей; например, IBM 01 без контекстных подсказок может быть ссылкой на перфоратор или на первую электрическую пишущую машинку IBM.

Последовательность номеров может не соответствовать последовательности разработки продукта. Например, табулятор 402 был улучшенным, модернизированным 405. [2]

IBM использует две структуры именования для своих современных аппаратных продуктов. Обычно продуктам присваивается трех- или четырехзначный тип машины и номер модели (он может быть смесью букв и цифр). Продукт также может иметь маркетинговое или фирменное наименование. Например, 2107 — это тип машины для IBM System Storage DS8000 . Хотя большинство продуктов перечислены здесь по типу машины, есть случаи, когда используется только маркетинговое или фирменное наименование. Следует проявлять осторожность при поиске определенного продукта, так как иногда номера типа и модели пересекаются. Например, продукт IBM Storage, известный как Enterprise Storage Server , имеет тип машины 2105, а продукт IBM Printing, известный как IBM Infoprint 2105, имеет тип машины 2705, поэтому поиск IBM 2105 может привести к обнаружению двух разных продуктов или неправильного продукта.

IBM представила 80-колоночную прямоугольную перфорированную карту в 1928 году. Модели машин до 1928 года, которые продолжали выпускаться с новым форматом карт на 80 колонок, имели тот же номер модели, что и раньше. Машины, произведенные до 1928 года, в некоторых случаях были модернизированы 80-колоночными считывателями карт и/или перфораторами , поэтому существовали машины с датами производства до 1928 года, которые содержали технологию 1928 года.

Этот список организован по классификации машин и приложений, а не по названию продукта. Таким образом, некоторые (немногие) записи будут дублироваться. Например, 1420 указан и как член семейства 1401, и как машина для банков и финансов.

Названия продуктов IBM менялись с течением лет; например, эти два текста ссылаются на один и тот же продукт.

В этой статье используется название или комбинация названий, наиболее описывающих продукт. Таким образом, запись для вышеизложенного будет

Продукцию компании The Tabulating Machine Company можно идентифицировать по дате ее выпуска до 1933 года, когда дочерние компании были объединены в IBM.

Оборудование для учета единиц

Перфораторы и верификаторы

Сортировщики, статистические и производные машины

Подборщики

Воспроизводящий удар, суммирующий удар,бандитский удар, и производные машины

Переводчики

Табуляторы, счетные машины, принтеры

402 и известные версии

404

405 и известные версии

407 и известные версии

Калькуляторы

IBM601

Подразделение оборудования времени

Передняя обложка каталога продаж от января 1920 года. На обложке также изображены весы и портативный перфоратор (второй снизу слева).

IBM производила ряд часов и других устройств до 1958 года, пока они не продали подразделение Time Equipment Division компании Simplex Time Recorder Company (SimplexGrinnell, по состоянию на 2001 год) . [66] [67] [68] [69]

Пишущие машинки

на основе Typeball

на основе ромашки

Диктофоны IBM

Диктофоны IBM всегда упоминаются по названию семейства и модели, но никогда по типу машины. Фактически, модели иногда ошибочно принимаются за типы машин. Существует три бренда и несколько известных моделей:

Линейка оборудования для диктовки IBM Executionary (1960-1972).

Оборудование обработки входных данных IBM (1972-1975)

Картриджная система IBM 6:5 (1975-1981)

Копировальные аппараты/Дубликаторы

Копировальные аппараты IBM :

Подборщики (подборщик был частью копировального аппарата, но продавался как отдельный тип машины):

IBM также продавала ряд расходных материалов для копировальных аппаратов, включая рулоны бумаги (продаваемые как IBM General Copy Bond), листовую бумагу (продаваемую как IBM multi-system paper) и тонер.

Линейка копировальных аппаратов IBM и связанные с ними сервисные контракты были проданы компании Eastman Kodak в 1988 году. [81]

Боеприпасы Второй мировой войны и сопутствующие товары

Другие некомпьютерные продукты

Компьютеры на основе электронных ламп (1950-е годы)

Большинство компонентов этих компьютеров были уникальными для конкретного компьютера и показаны здесь сразу после записи компьютера.

Твердотельные компьютеры на основе дискретных транзисторов (1960-е годы)

Дополнительная информация : мэйнфрейм IBM , миникомпьютер IBM .

IBM серии 1400: 1240, 1401, 1410, 1420, 1440, 1450, 1460, 7010

IBM1620

IBM7030 (Потягиваться)

IBM серии 7070: 7070, 7072, 7074

IBM7080

IBM серии 7090: 7040, 7044, 7090, 7094, 7094 II

Более поздние твердотельные компьютеры и системы

Компьютеры на базе SLT или дискретных ИС ЦП (1964–1989)

Компьютеры на базе дискретных ИС ЦП (1990–настоящее время)

Компьютеры на базе микропроцессорных ЦП (1981–настоящее время)

Компьютеры

Суперкомпьютеры

Микропроцессоры

Твердотельные компьютерные периферийные устройства

Оборудование для работы с перфокартами и бумажной лентой

Микрофильмы

IBM анонсировала ряд продуктов Microfilm в 1963 и 1964 годах [149] и отозвала их в 1969 году. [150]

Принтер/плоттерное оборудование

Графические дисплеи

Устройства хранения данных

Основное хранилище

Устройства хранения данных с прямым доступом

В терминологии IBM, начиная с диска System/360, такие устройства с коротким временем доступа собирательно назывались DASD . IBM 2321 Data Cell — это DASD, использующий ленту в качестве носителя информации. См. также историю накопителей на магнитных дисках IBM .

Накопитель на магнитной ленте

Оптическое хранилище

Сетевое хранение данных и виртуализация

Сопроцессорные блоки

Каналы и блоки управления вводом/выводом

Устройства передачи данных

Блоки питания/распределения

Модемы

Магнитно-чернильные и оптические считыватели

Другой

Компоненты и периферийные устройства IBM PC

Embedded systems, application-specific machines/systems

Airline reservation systems

Bank and finance

Computer-aided drafting (CAD)

Word processing

Other document processing

Educational

Government: avionics, computation, command and control, and space systems

Industry and manufacturing

Medical/science/lab equipment

Research/advertising (not product) machines

Retail/point-of-sale (POS)

Telecommunications

Unclassified

Computer software

Some software listings are for software families, not products (Fortran was not a product; Fortran H was a product).

Some IBM software products were distributed free (no charge for the software itself, a common practice early in the industry). The term "Program Product" was used by IBM to denote that the software is generally available[NB 2] at an additional charge.[201] Prior to June 1969, the majority of software packages written by IBM were available at no charge to IBM customers; with the June 1969 announcement, new software not designated as "System Control Programming" became Program Products, although existing non-system software remained available for free.[201]

Operating systems

Utilities and languages

Middleware and applications

IBM distributes its diverse collection of software products over several brands; mainly:

  1. IBM's own branding for many software products originally developed in-house;
  2. Lotus: collaboration and communication;
  3. Rational: software development and maintenance;
  4. Tivoli: management, operations, and Cloud;
  5. WebSphere: Internet.
  6. Watson Main article: IBM Watson
  7. Watsonx Main article: IBM Watsonx

Watson Customer Engagement

The Watson Customer Engagement (commonly known as WCE and formerly known as IBM Commerce) business unit supports marketing, commerce, and supply chain software development and product offerings for IBM. Software and solutions offered as part of these three portfolios by WCE are as follows:

Watson Marketing Portfolio
Watson Commerce
Watson Supply Chain

Watsonx

Models

Data centers

A 40-foot Portable Modular Data Center

Services

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Used by CTSS
  2. ^ Unlike a PRPQ.
  3. ^ 1401 SPS and 1620 SPS were incompatible

References

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