List of visitors to the International Space Station
This is a list of all of the visitors to the International Space Station (ISS), including long-term crew, short-term visitors, and space tourists, in alphabetical order. ISS crew names are in bold. The suffix (twice, three times, ...) refers to the individual's number of spaceflights to the ISS, not the total number of spaceflights. Entries without a flag symbol indicate that the individual was an American citizen at launch. Entries without a female symbol () are men.
Statistics
As of September 12, 2021[update], 244 individuals[1] have made 403 spaceflights to the ISS, including the seven people currently at the ISS (Expedition 65). Two people have made five spaceflights to the ISS, while five people have made four, 36 people made three and 84 people made two. Note that this list assigns individuals with dual citizenship to their country of primary residence at time of launch (for example, the Iranian-American space tourist Anousheh Ansari is only listed under the United States).
Initially all private space travel was aboard the Russian Soyuz spacecraft. When only two crew members are required in the three-seat Soyuz, and additional cargo is not sent, the additional seat is sold to the general public through Space Adventures. Private travelers would remain on the ISS during handover from one expedition crew to the next, generally a week or two. The NASA Space Shuttle carried seven crew members, and the longest docking with the ISS was 11 days. Many visitors to the ISS were accommodated for short periods during NASA shuttle dockings.
NASA stated it was "not interested" in private spaceflight during construction of the ISS, but eventually began allowing up to two flights per year in 2019, with the first private visitors arriving at the US Orbital Segment in 2022 on a SpaceX Crew Dragon.[2][3][4]
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^"NASA Opens International Space Station to New Commercial Opportunities, Private Astronauts - NASA". News Release - NASA.
^"Axiom-1: First all-private crew launches to space station". BBC News. 8 April 2022. Retrieved 2 October 2023. While Russia allowed private astronaut endeavours to visit the 23-year-old station as far back as 2001, NASA resisted the practice - until announcing a change in policy in 2019 designed to boost commercial opportunities.
^"Philippe Perrin". Retrieved 2013-09-26.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-119 mission summary". Retrieved 2009-03-18.
^ a b c"Expedition 31 Crew Launches to Station". Retrieved 2012-05-14.
^ a b c"Soyuz 3 Taxi Flight Crew". 2002-09-04. Archived from the original on 2001-11-08.
^ a b c"Soyuz TMA-18M docks to increase ISS crew size to nine". 2015-09-03.
^ a b c dBaylor, Michael. "Falcon 9 Block 5 - Axiom Mission 2 (AX-2)". Next Spaceflight. Retrieved 25 April 2023.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-106 mission summary". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-117 mission summary". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-131 mission information". Retrieved 2010-04-07.
^ a b c"Expedition 14 mission overview". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c d e f"STS-132 mission information". Retrieved 2010-05-16.
^ a b c"Soyuz crew welcomed aboard space station". CBS News. 2014-03-27.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-100 mission summary". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c d e f"STS-112 mission summary". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c"ISS Expedition 19 Crew". Retrieved 2009-03-29.
^ a b c d e f"STS-133 mission summary". Retrieved 2011-02-26.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-96 mission summary". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-105 mission summary". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b"Soyuz 2 Taxi Flight Crew". Archived from the original on 2002-10-15. Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-123 Mission Information". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c d e f"STS-130 Mission Information". Retrieved 2010-02-10.
^ a b"NASA Assigns Crews to First Test Flights, Missions on Commercial Spacecraft". NASA. August 3, 2018. Retrieved August 4, 2018.
^ a b c d e"STS-97 mission summary". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-110 mission summary". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-126 Mission Information". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c"Expedition 27 Prepares to Launch". Retrieved 2011-04-10.
^ a b c"Soyuz MS-02 spacecraft docks with Expedition 49/50 crew". 21 October 2016. Retrieved 2016-10-23.
^ a b c d"NASA's SpaceX Crew-7 Heads for Multi-Mission". designnews.com. 2023-09-18. Retrieved 2023-09-19.
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^ a b c d e f g"STS-113 mission summary". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c d e f"STS-129 mission summary". Retrieved 2009-11-23.
^ a b c"Vita mission live". Retrieved 2017-08-08.
^ a b c d e f"STS-115 Mission Information". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c"New Trio Welcomed Aboard Station, Gets to Work". Retrieved 2011-11-16.
^ a b c d e f"STS-108 mission archive". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c d e f"STS-88 mission summary". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-114 Return To Flight mission overview". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-127 mission summary". Retrieved 2009-07-21.
^ a b c"New Crew Aboard Station After Express Flight". Retrieved 2013-03-28.
^ a b c"ISS crew blast off after long quarantine". BBC News. 9 April 2020. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-124 Missioin Information". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c d e f"STS-134 mission summary". Retrieved 2011-05-18.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-111 mission archive". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-92 mission archive". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c"Expedition 10 crew". Archived from the original on 2004-10-15. Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c"ISS Expedition 26 Crew". Retrieved 2010-12-18.
^ a b c"Russia's Soyuz MS-24 launches crew for up to yearlong stay on space station". collectSPACE.com. Retrieved 2023-09-19.
^ a b c d e"STS-98 mission archive". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c"ISS Expedition 22 Crew". Retrieved 2009-12-23.
^ a b c"New Trio Joins Expedition 42 During Crew Greeting Ceremony". 2014-11-24.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-116 Mission Information". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c"TMA-1 Soyuz Taxi Flight 5 crew". Archived from the original on 2002-11-01. Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c"ISS Expedition 20 Crew". Retrieved 2009-05-29.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-118 Mission Information". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c"ISS Expedition 8 Crew". Archived from the original on 2003-08-11. Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c"ISS Expedition 23 Crew". Retrieved 2010-04-05.
^ a b cPearlmanpublished, Robert Z. (2024-03-23). "Flight attendant becomes 1st Belarusian in space on ISS-bound Soyuz launch". Space.com. Retrieved 2024-03-23.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-122 Mission Information". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c d"STS-135 mission summary". Retrieved 2011-07-10.
^ a b c"ISS Expedition 9 Crew". Archived from the original on 2004-10-15. Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c"ISS Expedition 18". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b"Soyuz MS-04 delivers two-member crew to ISS". 19 April 2017. Retrieved 2017-04-19.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-128 Mission Information". Retrieved 2009-08-30.
^ a b c"New Trio Launches to Join Expedition 33". Retrieved 2012-10-24.
^ a b c d e f g"STS-121 Mission Information". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c"ISS Expedition 28 Crew". Retrieved 2011-06-10.
^ a b c d e"STS-104 mission archive". Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c"Arrival of Expedition 40 Trio Expands Station Crew to Six". Retrieved 2014-05-28.
^"Erdogan inaugure le TEKNOFEST et dévoile le nom du premier astronaute turc qui participera à une mission dans l'espace". Anadolu News Agency. Retrieved 2023-12-10.
^ a b c"ISS Expedition 1 crew". Archived from the original on 2001-03-12. Retrieved 2008-11-19.
^ a b c"Soyuz TM-34 Taxi Flight 4 crew". Archived from the original on 2002-02-03. Retrieved 2008-11-19.