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Корнелльский университет

Корнеллский университетчастный исследовательский университет Лиги плюща , расположенный в Итаке, штат Нью-Йорк . Университет был основан в 1865 году Эзрой Корнеллом и Эндрю Диксоном Уайтом . С момента своего основания Корнеллский университет является совместным учебным заведением , не имеющим религиозной принадлежности . По состоянию на осень 2023 года в его студенческом составе было более 16 000 студентов и 10 000 аспирантов из всех 50 штатов США и 130 стран. [7]

Университет состоит из восьми колледжей бакалавриата и семи отделений магистратуры в главном кампусе Итаки. [12] Каждый колледж и академическое отделение имеют почти полную автономию в определении своих соответствующих стандартов приема и академической программы . В дополнение к своему основному кампусу в Итаке, университет управляет тремя вспомогательными кампусами, включая два в Нью-Йорке , медицинскую школу и Корнеллский технологический институт , и один в Education City в Аль-Райяне , Катар . [12]

Корнелл — один из трех частных университетов с грантами на землю в Соединенных Штатах. [a] Среди восьми колледжей бакалавриата университета четыре являются государственными или контрактными колледжами, поддерживаемыми государством через систему Государственного университета Нью-Йорка , включая Колледж сельского хозяйства и наук о жизни , Колледж экологии человека , Школу промышленных трудовых отношений и Школу государственной политики Джеба Э. Брукса. Среди аспирантур Корнелла только Колледж ветеринарной медицины поддерживается штатом Нью-Йорк . Главный кампус Корнеллского университета в Итаке занимает 745 акров (301 га).

По состоянию на октябрь 2023 года 62  лауреата Нобелевской премии , 4 лауреата премии Тьюринга и 1 обладатель медали Филдса были связаны с Корнеллом. Корнелл насчитывает более 250 000 ныне живущих выпускников, среди которых 34  стипендиата Маршалла , [13] 33  стипендиата Родса , 29  стипендиатов Трумэна , 63  олимпийских медалиста , 10 нынешних генеральных директоров из списка Fortune 500 и 35 миллиардеров. [14] [15] [16] [17] [18]

История

Основатели Корнелла

19 век

Корнелльский университет был основан 27 апреля 1865 года Эзрой Корнеллом , предпринимателем и сенатором штата Нью-Йорк , и Эндрю Диксоном Уайтом , педагогом и также сенатором штата Нью-Йорк, после того, как законодательный орган штата Нью-Йорк уполномочил университет в качестве государственного учреждения по предоставлению земельных грантов . [19] Эзра Корнелл предложил свою ферму в Итаке, штат Нью-Йорк , в качестве предварительного места для университета и выделил 500 000 долларов из своего личного состояния в качестве первоначального взноса (что эквивалентно 12 373 000 долларов в 2023 году) университету. Уайт согласился стать первым президентом Корнелльского университета.

Уайт провел первые три года в Корнеллском университете, наблюдая за строительством первых двух зданий университета, и путешествовал, чтобы набрать перспективных студентов и преподавателей . [20] 7 октября 1868 года Корнеллский университет был открыт, и на следующий день в него было зачислено 412 студентов мужского пола. [21]

Корнелл развивался как технологически инновационное учреждение, применяя свои академические исследования в собственном кампусе и в усилиях по охвату. В 1883 году он был одним из первых университетских кампусов, использовавших электричество, вырабатываемое динамо-машиной на водной основе , для освещения своего кампуса. [22] С 1894 года в Корнелле есть колледжи, финансируемые государством и выполняющие установленные государством требования; [23] он также администрировал исследовательскую и расширенную деятельность, которая совместно финансировалась за счет средств штата Нью-Йорк и федерального правительства США . [24]

Начиная с первых занятий, Корнеллский университет имел активных и увлеченных выпускников. В 1872 году университет стал одним из первых университетов в стране, включивших в свой совет попечителей избранных выпускниками представителей. [b]

В Корнеллском университете находится издательство Cornell University Press , основанное в 1869 году. В Корнелле впервые вышла Cornell Era — еженедельная университетская газета, основанная в 1868 году. В 1880 году на смену ей пришла The Cornell Daily Sun — независимая студенческая газета, которая в настоящее время является одной из старейших непрерывно издаваемых студенческих газет в стране.

С 19 по начало 20 века в Корнелле было несколько литературных обществ , которые были основаны для поощрения навыков письма, чтения и ораторского искусства. Бюро образования США описало три из них как «чисто литературное общество», следующее «традициям старых литературных обществ восточных университетов».

20 век

Зал Уилларда Стрейта в кампусе Корнелла, который в 1969 году заняли вооруженные протестующие против войны во Вьетнаме , что привело к отставке Джеймса Альфреда Перкинса , седьмого президента Корнелла

В 1967 году в Корнелле произошел пожар в общежитии Residential Club, в результате которого погибли восемь студентов и один профессор. В конце 1960-х годов Корнелл был среди университетов Лиги плюща , которые испытали повышенную студенческую активность, связанную с культурными проблемами, гражданскими правами и противодействием участию США в войне во Вьетнаме . В 1969 году вооруженные протестующие против войны во Вьетнаме заняли Willard Straight Hall , инцидент, который привел к реструктуризации управления университетом и вынудил тогдашнего президента Корнелла Джеймса Альфреда Перкинса уйти в отставку . [28]

Начиная с 20-го века рейтинги университетов и колледжей, Корнеллский университет и его академические программы регулярно входят в число лучших в мире. В 1995 году Национальный исследовательский совет оценил программы докторантуры Корнелла как шестые лучшие в стране. Он также оценил академическое качество 18 отдельных докторов философии Корнелла. программы среди десяти лучших в стране, в том числе астрофизика (девятое место), химия (шестое место), гражданское строительство (шестое место), сравнительное литературоведение (шестое место), компьютерные науки (пятое место), экология (четвертое место), электротехника (седьмое место), английский язык (седьмое место), французский язык (восьмое место), науки о Земле (десятое место), немецкий язык (третье место), лингвистика (девятое место), материаловедение ( третье место), машиностроение (седьмое место), философия (девятое место), физика (шестое место), испанский язык (восьмое место) и статистика / биостатистика (четвертое место). Совет оценил факультет Корнеллского колледжа искусств и гуманитарных наук как пятый лучший в стране, факультет математики и физических наук как шестой лучший, а его инженерный колледж как пятый лучший. [29] [30]

21 век

Cornell Tech , основанный в 2017 году на острове Рузвельта в Нью-Йорке

В 2000 году Корнелл начал расширять свои международные программы. В 2004 году университет открыл Медицинский колледж Вейлла Корнелла в Катаре в Education City в Аль-Райяне , Катар . [31] Университет также развивал партнерские отношения с академическими учреждениями в Индии , Китайской Народной Республике и Сингапуре . [32] [33] [34]

В августе 2002 года в Корнелле была сформирована группа аспирантов «Какой ценой?», чтобы противостоять кампании по объединению аспирантов, проводимой CASE/UAW, филиалом United Auto Workers . Голосование по объединению в профсоюз, проведенное в октябре 2002 года, было отклонено, и «Какой ценой?» считалось важным фактором необычайно большой явки в 90% для голосования и поражения 2 к 1 предложения по объединению в профсоюз, что стало первым случаем в истории, когда голосование аспирантов США по объединению в профсоюз было отклонено в ходе голосования. [35] [36] [37]

В марте 2004 года Корнеллский и Стэнфордский университеты заложили краеугольный камень для строительства и работы «Центра преодоления разломов», расположенного на границе между Израилем и Иорданией и используемого для образования. [38] В 2005 году Джеффри С. Леман , бывший президент Корнелла, описал университет и его высокий международный авторитет как «транснациональный университет». [39]

В 2017 году Корнелл открыл Cornell Tech — аспирантский кампус и исследовательский центр на острове Рузвельта в Нью-Йорке , который выиграл конкурс, инициированный бывшим мэром Майклом Блумбергом , и призван стимулировать технологическое предпринимательство в Нью-Йорке.

Кампусы

кампус Итака

Квадрат искусств в главном кампусе Корнелла с башней Макгроу на заднем плане
Вид на площадь Хо-Плаза с башни Макгроу , на заднем плане — Сейдж-холл и Барнс-холл
Часовня Сейджа в кампусе Корнелла, где проводятся религиозные службы и концерты, а также где покоится Эзра Корнелла , основатель университета.

Главный кампус Корнеллского университета расположен в Итаке, штат Нью-Йорк , на Ист-Хилл, откуда открывается вид на город и озеро Каюга . С момента своего основания кампус расширился примерно до 745 акров (301 га), в настоящее время в него входят несколько учебных зданий, лабораторий, административных учреждений, спортивных центров, аудиторий, музеев и жилых районов. [40] [41] В 2011 году Travel + Leisure признал кампус Корнеллского университета в Итаке одним из самых красивых в Соединенных Штатах, высоко оценив его уникальное сочетание архитектурных стилей, исторических достопримечательностей и живописных окрестностей. [42]

Кампус Итаки характеризуется нерегулярной планировкой и смешением архитектурных стилей, которые развивались с течением времени и приписываются постоянно меняющимся генеральным планам университета для кампуса. Более богато украшенные здания, как правило, были построены до Второй мировой войны . С тех пор более поздние здания на территории кампуса характеризуются модернистскими архитектурными стилями. [43]

Несколько зданий Корнелльского университета были названы Национальными историческими достопримечательностями [44], а десять из них были включены в Национальный реестр исторических мест : Белый дом Эндрю Диксона , Бейли-холл , Колдуэлл-холл , Центр вычислений и коммуникаций , Моррилл-холл , Райс-холл , Ферноу-холл , Винг-холл , Лленрок и Дек-хаус . [45] Три других перечисленных исторических здания, оригинальный Робертс-холл, Ист-Роберт-холл и Стоун-холл, были снесены в 1980-х годах, чтобы освободить место для новых зданий кампуса и развития. [46]

Центральный, Северный и Западный кампусы

Большинство академических и административных объектов Корнеллского университета расположены в его главном кампусе в Итаке. Архитектурные стили на кампусе варьируются от богато украшенных зданий в стиле готики , викторианской и неоклассической архитектуры до более сдержанных международных и модернистских построек. Фредерик Лоу Олмстед , проектировщик Центрального парка , предложил «большую террасу» с видом на озеро Каюга в одном из самых ранних планов развития кампуса. [47]

Северный кампус в основном состоит из жилых зданий, включая десять общежитий, предназначенных для размещения студентов первого и второго года обучения, а также студентов, переведенных в Townhouse Community. [48] Архитектурный стиль Северного кампуса более современный, что отражает рост университета и потребность в расширении студенческого жилья в 20 веке.

Система домов Западного кампуса представляет собой смесь архитектурных стилей, включая здания в готическом стиле и жилые залы, известные под общим названием «готика». [49]

В Collegetown, расположенном недалеко от кампуса в Итаке, архитектурные стили разнообразны, что отражает смешанный характер использования района. Schwartz Performing Arts Center и два общежития верхнего уровня [50] [51] окружены множеством многоквартирных домов, закусочных и предприятий. [52]

Природная среда

Главный кампус Корнеллского университета в Итаке расположен в районе Фингер-Лейкс в северной части штата Нью-Йорк и предлагает виды на город , озеро Каюга и окружающие долины. Кампус граничит с двумя ущельями , ущельем Фолл-Крик и ущельем Каскадилла. Ущелья являются популярными местами для купания в теплые месяцы, но их использование не рекомендуется университетом и городским кодексом из-за потенциальных угроз безопасности. [53] Рядом с главным кампусом Корнелл владеет Корнеллским ботаническим садом площадью 2800 акров (1100 га) , в котором представлены различные растения, деревья и пруды. [54]

Устойчивость

Корнелльский университет реализовал несколько зеленых инициатив , направленных на содействие устойчивому развитию и снижение воздействия на окружающую среду, включая газовую комбинированную теплоэлектростанцию, [55] гидроэлектростанцию ​​на территории кампуса, [56] и систему охлаждения с использованием источника озера . [57] В 2007 году Корнелл основал Центр устойчивого будущего . [58] В том же году, после многолетней дискуссии между кампусами об энергии и устойчивом развитии, был основан Центр устойчивого развития имени Аткинсона в Корнелле , финансируемый за счет пожертвования в размере 80 миллионов долларов от выпускника Дэвида Р. Аткинсона ('60) и его жены Патрисии, что стало крупнейшим пожертвованием, когда-либо полученным Корнеллом от одного человека на тот момент. Последующее обязательство в размере 30 миллионов долларов в 2021 году даст название новому многопрофильному зданию на территории кампуса. [59]

По состоянию на 2020 год университет, который взял на себя обязательство достичь нулевого выброса углерода к 2035 году [60], снабжается электроэнергией от шести солнечных электростанций, которые вырабатывают 28 мегаватт электроэнергии. [61] Корнелл разрабатывает усовершенствованную геотермальную систему, известную как Earth Source Heating, предназначенную для удовлетворения потребностей в отоплении кампуса. [62]

В 2023 году Корнелл стал первым университетом в стране, который взял на себя обязательство по сокращению выбросов в соответствии с Киотским протоколом . [63] В том же году концерт, проведенный в Бартон-холле группой Dead & Company, собрал 3,1 миллиона долларов для MusiCares и проекта Cornell 2030 — двух организаций, которые внесли свой вклад в создание Фонда климатических решений и направлены на стимулирование крупномасштабных и эффективных климатических исследований в университете, которые будут администрироваться Центром Аткинсона. [64] [65]

Кампусы Нью-Йорка

Вейл Корнелл

Weill Cornell Medicine , медицинская школа Корнелльского университета, расположенная на Ист-Ривер в Верхнем Ист-Сайде Нью-Йорка.

Медицинский кампус Корнелла в Нью-Йорке , также называемый Вейл Корнелл, находится в Верхнем Ист-Сайде Манхэттена . Он является домом для двух отделений Корнелла, Weill Cornell Medicine , медицинской школы университета, и Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences . С 1927 года Вейл Корнелл был связан с NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital , одной из крупнейших больниц страны. [66] Хотя медицинская школа Корнелла имеет собственный факультет и академические подразделения, она разделяет административные и учебные функции больницы с Columbia University Medical Center . [67] Помимо NewYork-Presbyterian, учебные больницы Корнелла включают клинику Пэйна Уитни на Манхэттене и ее Westchester Division в Уайт-Плейнс, штат Нью-Йорк . [68] Медицинский колледж Вейлла Корнелла связан с соседним онкологическим центром Memorial Sloan Kettering , одним из ведущих онкологических центров страны, Рокфеллеровским университетом и Больницей специальной хирургии . Многие преподаватели имеют совместные должности в этих учреждениях. Weill Cornell, Rockefeller и Memorial Sloan–Kettering предлагают трехинституциональную программу MD–PhD , которая доступна для избранных поступающих студентов-медиков Корнелла. [69] С 1942 по 1979 год в медицинском кампусе Weill Cornell также размещалась Корнеллская школа медсестер . [70]

Корнеллский технологический институт

Cornell Tech на острове Рузвельта в Нью-Йорке, аспирантский кампус и исследовательский центр

19 декабря 2011 года Корнелл и Технион — Израильский технологический институт в Хайфе выиграли конкурс на право требовать бесплатную городскую землю и 100 миллионов долларов в виде субсидий на строительство инженерного кампуса в Нью-Йорке. Конкурс, учрежденный бывшим мэром Нью-Йорка Майклом Блумбергом , был призван повысить предпринимательство и рост рабочих мест в технологическом секторе Нью-Йорка. Победившая заявка состояла из 2,1 миллиона квадратных футов современного технического кампуса, который должен был быть построен на острове Рузвельта , на месте бывшей больницы Coler Specialty Hospital . Осенью следующего года, обучение началось во временном помещении, предоставленном Google , по адресу 111 Eighth Avenue в Манхэттене . [71] В 2014 году началось строительство кампуса Корнеллского технического университета, а первая фаза была завершена в сентябре 2017 года. Том Мейн из Morphosis Architects был выбран для проектирования первого здания Корнеллского технического университета. [72]

Другие программы в Нью-Йорке

Более дюжины программ Корнелльского университета базируются в здании General Electric на Манхэттене . [73]

В дополнение к технологическому кампусу и медицинскому центру, Корнелл имеет местные офисы в Нью-Йорке для некоторых своих программ обслуживания. Программа Cornell Urban Scholars поощряет студентов заниматься карьерой в сфере общественных услуг, организуя задания в организациях, работающих с беднейшими детьми, семьями и общинами Нью-Йорка. [74] Колледж экологии человека и Колледж сельского хозяйства и естественных наук позволяют студентам общаться с местными общинами, занимаясь садоводством и строительством с помощью Cornell Cooperative Extension. [75] Студенты программы расширения и охвата Школы промышленных и трудовых отношений предоставляют организациям, членам профсоюзов, политикам и работающим взрослым знания на рабочем месте. [76] Исследовательский центр операций Манхэттена Инженерного колледжа , расположенный в финансовом районе города , объединяет исследования по оптимизации бизнеса и службы поддержки принятия решений, используемые в финансовых приложениях и планировании логистики общественного здравоохранения. [77] В 2015 году Колледж архитектуры, искусства и планирования открыл здание площадью 11 000 квадратных футов, спроектированное Генслером, по адресу Бродвей, 26 в финансовом районе Манхэттена. [78] Здание General Electric по адресу Лексингтон-авеню, 570 служит местом расположения более десятка дополнительных программ Корнеллского университета в Нью-Йорке, включая нью-йоркскую штаб-квартиру Школы промышленных и трудовых отношений и нью-йоркский филиал Cornell Cooperative Extension. [73]

Медицинский колледж Вейлла Корнелла в Катаре

В сентябре 2004 года Корнелл открыл Медицинский колледж Вейлла Корнелла в Катаре в Education City , недалеко от Дохи , который является первой медицинской школой США, созданной за пределами Соединенных Штатов. Колледж, который является совместной инициативой с правительством Катара , является частью усилий Корнелла по увеличению своего международного влияния. [31] Колледж, полная четырехлетняя программа MD , отражает учебную программу медицинской школы, преподаваемую в Weill Cornell Medicine в Нью-Йорке . Колледж также предлагает двухгодичную программу бакалавриата домедицинского образования , которая имеет отдельный процесс приема и была создана как программа бакалавриата в сентябре 2002 года как первый институт совместного обучения высшего образования в Катаре. [79]

Колледж частично финансируется правительством Катара через Qatar Foundation , некоммерческую организацию под руководством государства Катар , которая выделила 750 миллионов долларов на его строительство. [80] Медицинский центр размещается в большом двухэтажном здании, спроектированном японским архитектором Аратой Исодзаки . [81] В 2004 году Qatar Foundation объявил о строительстве больницы специального назначения на 350 коек рядом с медицинским колледжем в Education City, которое должно было быть завершено через несколько лет. [31]

Другие объекты

Корнелльский университет владеет и управляет различными исследовательскими учреждениями за пределами кампуса и предлагает программы обучения за рубежом и стипендии. [82] Эти учреждения и программы вносят вклад в исследовательскую деятельность университета и предоставляют студентам уникальные возможности для обучения.

Научно-исследовательские учреждения

Мемориал Первой мировой войны в Западном кампусе Корнелла в Итаке
Музей искусств Герберта Ф. Джонсона в Корнелле , спроектированный И. М. Пэем

Научно-исследовательские учреждения Корнелла за пределами кампуса включают морскую лабораторию Shoals, сезонную морскую полевую станцию ​​на острове Эпплдор у побережья Мэна и Нью-Гемпшира , которая работает совместно с Университетом Нью-Гемпшира и фокусируется на бакалаврском образовании и исследованиях. [83] До 2011 года Корнелл управлял обсерваторией Аресибо в Пуэрто-Рико , которая была местом расположения крупнейшего в мире однозеркального радиотелескопа . [84]

Университет содержит несколько учреждений, занимающихся охраной природы и экологией , в том числе сельскохозяйственную экспериментальную станцию ​​штата Нью-Йорк в Женеве, штат Нью-Йорк , которая управляет тремя подстанциями, исследовательскую и консультативную лабораторию Корнелл-Лейк-Эри в Портленде , [85] лабораторию долины Гудзона в Хайленде , [86] и исследовательскую лабораторию садоводства Лонг-Айленда в Риверхеде на Лонг-Айленде . [87] Орнитологическая лаборатория Корнелла в Итаке проводит исследования биологического разнообразия птиц. [88]

Дополнительные исследовательские учреждения включают Центр обучения и исследований в области зоотехники, Лабораторию исследований уток, Биологическую полевую станцию ​​Корнелла, Органическую исследовательскую ферму Фривилля, Овощную исследовательскую ферму Гомера К. Томпсона и лаборатории биоразнообразия в Пунта-Кане в Доминиканской Республике и Перуанской Амазонии в Перу . [89] [90] [91] [92] [93] [16]

Обучение за рубежом и стипендиальные программы

Cornell предлагает различные программы обучения за рубежом и стипендиальные программы, которые позволяют студентам приобретать опыт и зарабатывать кредиты для получения степени. Программа «Capital Semester» предлагает студентам возможность пройти стажировку в Законодательном собрании штата Нью-Йорк в Олбани , столице штата. Программа Cornell in Washington позволяет студентам провести семестр в Вашингтоне, округ Колумбия , участвуя в исследованиях или стажировках. [94] Программа Cornell in Rome позволяет студентам изучать архитектуру, урбанистику и искусство в Риме , Италия. [95] Университет также является членом программы Laidlaw Scholars , которая предоставляет финансирование студентам для проведения международных исследований и развития лидерских навыков. [96]

Кооперативная служба расширения

Как университет, предоставляющий землю штату Нью-Йорк , Корнелл управляет кооперативной службой распространения знаний , которая включает 56 офисов по всему штату. Эти офисы предоставляют программы в области сельского хозяйства и продовольственных систем, детей, молодежи и семей, общественной и экономической жизнеспособности, окружающей среды и природных ресурсов, а также питания и здоровья. [97] Университет управляет Диагностическим центром здоровья животных Нью-Йорка, который занимается контролем заболеваний животных и их разведением. [98]

Организация и управление

Cornell University — некоммерческая организация с децентрализованной структурой, в которой 16 колледжей, включая 12 частных колледжей и четыре государственных колледжа, пользуются значительной автономией для определения и управления соответствующими академическими программами, приемом, консультированием и присвоением степеней. Cornell также управляет eCornell , который предоставляет онлайн-программы профессионального развития и сертификации [99] и участвует в программах предоставления земельных, морских и космических грантов Нью-Йорка. [100] [101]

Управление и администрирование

Корнеллский университет управляется советом попечителей из 64 человек , в который входят как частные, так и государственные попечители, назначаемые губернатором Нью-Йорка , попечители, избранные выпускниками, попечители, избранные преподавателями, попечители, избранные студентами, [102] и попечители, не являющиеся преподавателями. Губернатор, временный президент Сената , спикер Ассамблеи и президент университета выполняют функции голоса по должности . Совет отвечает за выборы президента, который будет исполнять обязанности главного исполнительного директора и должностного лица по вопросам образования университета. [103] [104] С 2014 по 2022 год Роберт Харрисон занимал пост председателя совета. Его сменил Крейг Кайзер. [105] Совет попечителей ежегодно проводит четыре регулярных заседания, которые подчиняются Закону штата Нью-Йорк об открытых заседаниях. [106]

1 июля 2024 года Майкл Котликофф , занимавший пост 16-го проректора Корнелла, начал двухлетний срок полномочий в качестве временного президента [107] , сменив Марту Э. Поллак , четырнадцатого президента Корнелла , которая объявила о своей отставке в мае 2024 года. [108]

Колледжи и академическая структура

Колледжи и школы Корнелла предлагают широкий спектр программ бакалавриата, магистратуры и профессиональной подготовки, включая семь колледжей бакалавриата и семь школ, предлагающих программы магистратуры и профессиональной подготовки. Все академические отделы Корнелла связаны как минимум с одним колледжем. Несколько межшкольных академических отделов предлагают курсы в более чем одном колледже. Студенты, получающие степень магистра в этих школах, зачисляются в аспирантуру Корнеллского университета . Школа непрерывного образования и летних сессий предоставляет дополнительные программы для студентов колледжей и старших классов, специалистов и других взрослых. [109]

Четыре уставных колледжа Корнелла включают Колледж сельского хозяйства и наук о жизни , Колледж экологии человека , Школу промышленных и трудовых отношений и Колледж ветеринарной медицины . В 2010-2011 финансовом году эти четыре колледжа получили 131,9 млн долларов США в виде ассигнований от Университета штата Нью-Йорк (SUNY) на поддержку обучения, исследований и миссий по обслуживанию, что делает их подотчетными попечителям SUNY и государственным агентствам. [110] [111] [112] Жители Нью-Йорка, зачисленные в эти колледжи, имеют право на скидку на обучение; однако их академическая деятельность рассматривается штатом Нью-Йорк как частная и негосударственная. [113] :1

Девять частных, негосударственных колледжей Корнелла включают Колледж искусств и наук , Колледж архитектуры, искусства и планирования , Колледж инженерии и Колледж гостиничного администрирования , каждый из которых работает независимо от государственного финансирования и надзора, что дает им большую автономию в определении своих академических программ, приема и консультирования. Они также не предлагают скидку на обучение для жителей Нью-Йорка.

По состоянию на 2023 год из 15 182 студентов бакалавриата Корнелла 4 602 (30,3%) связаны с Колледжем искусств и наук, который является крупнейшим колледжем по количеству студентов, за которым следуют 3 203 (21,1%) в области инженерии и 3 101 (20,4%) в области сельского хозяйства и наук о жизни. Наименьшим из семи колледжей бакалавриата является Архитектура, искусство и планирование, в котором обучается 503 (3,3%) студента. [7] Академические требования для окончания университета разрабатываются и контролируются соответствующими колледжами, а общеуниверситетские требования для получения степени бакалавра включают сдачу теста по плаванию , завершение двух курсов физкультуры и выполнение требований по письму.

Сбор средств и финансовая поддержка

По состоянию на 2024 год Корнеллский университет имеет фонд в размере 10 миллиардов долларов [5] , 14-й по величине среди всех университетов и колледжей США. В 2018 году Корнеллский университет занял третье место среди всех университетов США после Гарвардского университета и Стэнфордского университета по частному сбору средств, собрав 743 миллиона долларов [114] . В дополнение к программе развития университета в Итаке и Нью-Йорке, каждый колледж и программа имеют свои собственные программы по сбору средств с персоналом. Корнеллский университет имеет надежную программу по сбору средств , и он получил несколько значительных частных пожертвований, которые позволили университету расширить свое присутствие, создать новые программы и стимулировать достижения в образовании и исследованиях.

В 1998 году Weill Cornell Medicine был переименован в честь выпускника Корнелла 1955 года Сэнфорда И. Вайля , бывшего председателя и генерального директора Citibank , и его жены, после их пожертвования в размере 100 миллионов долларов университету. По состоянию на 2013 год Вайли предоставили университету более 600 миллионов долларов в виде общих пожертвований. [115]

В 2010 году был создан Центр Аткинсона за устойчивое будущее после пожертвования в размере 80 миллионов долларов от Дэвида Аткинсона и его жены Патрисии. [116]

В 2011 году Чак Фини , выпускник 1956 года и основатель гонконгской DFS Group , стал крупнейшим частным спонсором университета за всю его историю, предоставив университету 1 миллиард долларов на финансирование Cornell Tech , технологического кампуса на острове Рузвельта в Нью-Йорке, и других инициатив. [117]

В 2015 году Джоан и Ирвин М. Джейкобс , выпускница 1956 года и основатель Qualcomm , пожертвовали 133 миллиона долларов на финансирование Института Джейкобса Техниона-Корнелла в Корнеллском технологическом институте . [118]

В 2017 году университет получил пожертвование в размере 150 миллионов долларов от Герберта Фиска Джонсона III , выпускника с пятью степенями Корнелла, председателя и генерального директора SC Johnson & Son , на создание Высшей школы менеджмента Сэмюэля Кертиса Джонсона , что стало вторым по величине пожертвованием в истории бизнес-школе. [119]

Академики

Корнелл — крупный и в основном жилой исследовательский университет, и большинство его студентов обучаются по программам бакалавриата. [120] С 1921 года университет был аккредитован Комиссией по высшему образованию Средних штатов и ее предшественником. [121] Корнелл работает по академическому календарю 4–1–4: осенний семестр начинается в конце августа и заканчивается в начале декабря, трехнедельная зимняя сессия в январе и весенний семестр начинается в конце января и заканчивается в начале мая. [122]

Наряду с Университетом штата Орегон , Университетом штата Пенсильвания , Университетом Джорджии и Гавайским университетом в Маноа , Корнелл является одним из пяти университетов США, предоставляющих земельные гранты , которые также являются членами трех других программ грантов: морского гранта , космического гранта и солнечного гранта . Среди этих пяти Корнелл является единственным частным университетом, который является членом всех трех программ грантов.

Прием

Прием в Корнелльский университет является высококонкурентным. Осенью 2022 года программы бакалавриата Корнелла для класса 2026 года включали 71 164 заявления, из которых были приняты только 5 168, или 6,9% абитуриентов. [124] Для зачисления на первый курс средний 50% диапазон баллов SAT составлял 700–760 для чтения и письма на основе доказательств и 750–800 для математики, а средний 50% диапазон составного балла ACT составлял 33–35. [123]

Университет привлекает разнообразный и инклюзивный студенческий состав. В 2022 году доля принятых студентов, которые идентифицируют себя как недостаточно представленные меньшинства, увеличилась до 34,2% по сравнению с 33,7% в 2021 году, и 59,3% идентифицируют себя как цветных студентов, что больше, чем 52,5% в 2017 году и 57,2% в 2020 году. Среди 5168 принятых в 2022 году, 1163 были студентами колледжей первого поколения, по сравнению с 844 в 2020 году. [125] Университет практикует прием вслепую для абитуриентов из США. [126]

Финансовая помощь

Саркофаг Дженни Макгроу , благотворительницы Корнелла , в часовне Сейджа

Cornell University, under Section 9 of its original charter, ensures equal access to education by admitting students without distinction based on rank, class, occupation, or locality.[127] The charter also mandates free instruction for one student from each Assembly district in New York state.[127]

From the 1950s to the 1980s, Cornell collaborated with other Ivy League institutions to establish a uniform financial aid system.[128] Although a 1989 consent decree ended this collaboration due to an antitrust investigation, all Ivy League schools still offer need-based financial aid without athletic scholarships.[129] In December 2010, Cornell pledged to match any grant component of financial aid offers from the seven other Ivy League schools and MIT and Stanford for accepted applicants considering these institutions.[130]

In 2008, Cornell introduced a financial aid initiative, which incrementally replaced need-based loans with scholarships for undergraduate students from lower-income families.[131] Despite a 27% drop in the university's endowment in 2008, attributable partly to the 2007–2008 financial crisis, Cornell president David J. Skorton allocated additional funds to continue the initiative, and sought to raise $125 million in donations for its support.[132] Two years later, in 2010, Cornell was able to successfully meet the full financial aid needs of 40% of full-time freshmen with financial need. The average undergraduate student debt upon graduation, as of 2010, was $21,549.[133]

International programs

Cornell students performing a Raas, a traditional folk dance from India, in 2008

Cornell University is actively involved in fostering international cooperation and engagement through various academic programs, research collaborations, and global partnerships. The university is a member of United Nations Academic Impact, aligns itself with United Nations' goals, and promotes international collaboration among institutions of higher education.

Academic programs and study abroad opportunities

Cornell University's 1920 graduation ceremony

Cornell offers a wide range of undergraduate majors with an international focus, including African Studies, Asian-Pacific American Studies, French Studies, German Studies, Jewish Studies, Latino Studies, Near Eastern Studies, Romance Studies, and Russian Literature.[16] Students have the opportunity to study abroad on any of the six continents through various programs.[134]

The Asian Studies major, the Southeast Asia Program, and the China and Asia-Pacific Studies (CAPS) major provide opportunities for students and researchers focusing on Asia. Cornell has an agreement with Peking University, which allows CAPS students to spend a semester in Beijing.[135] The College of Engineering exchanges faculty and graduate students with Tsinghua University in Beijing, and the School of Hotel Administration has a joint master's program with Nanyang Technological University in Singapore.

In the Middle East, Cornell's efforts are centered on biology and medicine. The Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar trains new doctors to improve health services in the region.[136] The university is also involved in developing the Bridging the Rift Center, a "Library of Life", a database of all living systems, based on the Israel-Jordan forder, in collaboration with those two countries and Stanford University.[137]

The university has agreements with several institutions around the world for student and faculty exchange programs, including Bocconi University, the University of Warwick, Japan's National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences,[138] the University of the Philippines Los Baños,[139] and the Indian Council of Agricultural Research.[140]

Joint degree programs

Cornell offers several joint degree programs with international universities. The university is the only U.S. member school of the Global Alliance in Management Education, and its Master's in International Management program offers the Global Alliance's Master's in International Management (CEMS MIM) as a double degree option, which enables students to study at one of 34 Global Alliance partner universities. Cornell has partnered with Queen's University in Ontario to offer a joint Executive MBA program,[141] which affords its graduates MBA degrees from both universities. Cornell also offers an international consulting course in association with the Indian Institute of Management Bangalore.[142]

Rankings

Cornell's commencement ceremony at Schoellkopf Field, the university's on-campus outdoor stadium, in 2008

Cornell University has been routinely ranked among the top academic institutions in the nation and world by independent academic ranking asssessments. In 2024, Cornell was ranked 10th-best in the U.S. and 12th-best in the world by QS World University Rankings and 20th-best in the world by Times Higher Education World University Rankings.[151][152] The university has garnered praise for its contributions to research, community service, social mobility, and sustainability, evidenced by its placement in The Washington Monthly and The Princeton Review's rankings.[153]

In its annual edition of "America's Best Architecture & Design Schools," the journal Design Intelligence ranked Cornell's Bachelor of Architecture program best in the nation for most of the 21st century, including from 2000 to 2002, 2005 to 2007, 2009 to 2013, and 2015 to 2016. In its 2011 survey, the program ranked first and the Master of Architecture program ranked sixth-best in the nation.[154] In 2017, Design Intelligence ranked Cornell's Master of Landscape Architecture program fourth-best in the nation and its Bachelor of Science in Landscape Architecture program fifth-best nationally.[155][156]

Among business schools in the U.S., Forbes ranked Cornell's Johnson School of Management the ninth-best business school in the nation in 2019.[157] In 2020, The Washington Post ranked the School of Management eighth-best for salary potential, and Poets and Quants ranked it the 13th-best business school in the nation,[158] fourth-best in the nation for investment banking,[159] and sixth-best globally for salary.[160] The Johnson School of Management was ranked 11th-best nationally by Bloomberg Businessweek in 2019,[161] and 11th-best nationally and 14th-best globally by The Economist.[162] In 2013, the Johnson school was ranked second-best for sustainability by Bloomberg Businessweek.[163]

Cornell's international relations program is ranked among the best in the world by Foreign Policy magazine's Inside the Ivory Tower survey, which ranked Cornell's undergraduate program 12th-best in the world and its doctorate program 11th-best in the world in 2012.[164][165] In 2015, Cornell was ranked third-best among all New York colleges and universities for professor salaries.[166]

Library

The A.D. White Reading Room in Uris Library, which contains much of the 30,000 volume collection donated to the university by its co-founder and first president
Cornell Law Library, one of 12 national depositories for the print records of briefs filed with the U.S. Supreme Court

As of 2020, Cornell University Library, with over 10 million holdings, is the 13th-largest academic library in the United States.[167] As of 2005, the library is organized into 20 divisions, which hold 7.5 million printed volumes in open stacks, 8.2 million microfilms and microfiches, a total of 440,000 maps, motion pictures, DVDs, sound recordings, and computer files in its collections, and extensive digital resources and the University Archives.[168] It was the first among all U.S. colleges and universities to allow undergraduates to borrow books from its libraries.[16] In 2006, The Princeton Review ranked it the 11th-best college library.[169] Three years later, in 2009, it climbed to sixth-best.[170] The library plays an active role in furthering online archiving of scientific and historical documents. arXiv, an e-print archive created at Los Alamos National Laboratory by Paul Ginsparg, is operated and primarily funded by Cornell as part of the library's services. The archive has changed the way many physicists and mathematicians communicate, making the e-print a viable and popular means of announcing new research.[171]

Cornell University Press

Cornell University Press, established in 1869 but inactive from 1884 to 1930, was the first university publishing enterprise in the United States.[172][173] As of 2024, it is one of the country's largest university presses,[16] publishing approximately 150 nonfiction titles annually in various disciplines, including anthropology, Asian studies, biological sciences, classics, history, industrial relations, literary criticism and theory, natural history, politics and international relations, veterinary science, and women's studies.[173][174]

Academic publications

Cornell's academic units and student groups publish multiple scholarly journals, including at least five faculty-led and seven student-led academic publications. Faculty-led publications include the Johnson School's Administrative Science Quarterly,[175] the ILR School's Industrial and Labor Relations Review, the Arts and Sciences Philosophy Department's The Philosophical Review, the College of Architecture, Art, and Planning's Journal of Architecture, and the Law School's Journal of Empirical Legal Studies.[176] Student-led scholarly publications include Cornell Law Review, the Cornell Institute for Public Affairs' Cornell Policy Review, the Cornell International Law Journal, the Cornell Journal of Law and Public Policy, and Cornell International Affairs Review. Physical Review, recognized internationally as one of the best and well known journals of physics, was founded at Cornell in 1893 before later being managed by the American Physical Society.

Research

Cornell's Center for Advanced Computing, one of the five original centers of the National Science Foundation's Supercomputer Centers Program
Cornell Botanic Gardens, located adjacent to the Ithaca campus, used for conservation research and for recreation by Cornellians
In the basement of Goldwin Smith Hall, researchers in the Dendrochronology Lab determine the age of archaeological artifacts found at archeological digs.

Cornell University is a prominent research institution, classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity."[177] The National Science Foundation ranked Cornell 14th among American universities for research and development expenditures in 2021 with $1.18 billion.[178][179] The Department of Health and Human Services and the National Science Foundation are the primary federal investors, accounting for 49.6% and 24.4% of all federal investments, respectively.[180] Cornell is ranked fourth in the world for producing graduates who pursue PhDs in engineering or natural sciences at American institutions and fifth for graduates pursuing PhDs in any field.[181]

Science, technology, and engineering research

Cornell has a rich history of scientific, technological, and engineering research accomplishments. The university has made significant contributions to the fields of nuclear physics, high-energy physics, space exploration, automotive safety, and computing technology, among others. Cornell consistently ranks among the top U.S. universities for patent acquisition and start-up company formation.[182] In the 2004–05 academic year, the university filed 203 U.S. patent applications, completed 77 commercial license agreements, and distributed royalties of more than $4.1 million to Cornell units and inventors.[16] In 2009 Cornell spent $671 million on science and engineering research and development, the 16th highest in the United States.[183]

Cornell has been involved in uncrewed missions to Mars since 1962[184] and played a vital role in the Mars Exploration Rover Mission in the 21st century.[185] The university's researchers discovered the rings around the planet Uranus[186] and operated the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico until 2011. This observatory housed the world's largest single-dish radio telescope at the time.[187]

The Automotive Crash Injury Research Center, founded in 1952, was a pioneering effort in crash testing and significantly improved vehicle safety standards.[188] It was the first to use corpses instead of dummies for testing, leading to crucial findings about the effectiveness of seat belts, energy-absorbing steering wheels, padded dashboards, and improved door locks.[188]

Cornell has long been at the forefront of advancements in computing technology. In the 1980s, the university deployed the first IBM 3090-400VF and coupled two IBM 3090-600E systems to investigate coarse-grained parallel computing. As part of the National Science Foundation's initiative to establish new supercomputer centers, the Cornell University Center for Advanced Computing was founded. Cornell has continued to innovate in this area, most recently deploying Red Cloud, a cloud computing service designed specifically for research. The Red Cloud service is now part of the NSF's Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) supercomputing program.[189]

In the realm of high-energy physics, Cornell scientists have been researching fundamental particles for over 75 years. The university has played an integral role in the foundations of nuclear physics, with faculty members Hans Bethe and others participating in the Manhattan Project. In the 1930s, Cornell built the second cyclotron in the United States and, in the 1950s, became the first to study synchrotron radiation. The Cornell Electron Storage Ring, located beneath Alumni Field, was once the world's highest-luminosity electron-positron collider.[190][191] Cornell's accelerator and high-energy physics groups are involved in the design of the proposed International Linear Collider, which will complement the Large Hadron Collider and shed light on questions related to dark matter and the existence of extra dimensions.[192]

Philosophical research

The Sage School of Philosophy at Cornell University was founded in 1891 with philanthropic support from Henry W. Sage, a prominent figure in the lumber industry. In 1891, Sage endowed the establishment of the Sage School.[193] The school's namesake, Susan Linn Sage, died in 1885 in a carriage accident on Slaterville Road. Henry W. Sage, who was President of Cornell's Board of Trustees since 1875, sought to honor his late wife's memory through the establishment of the Sage School. In addition to the school's founding, Sage bestowed the title of Susan Linn Sage Professor of Christian Ethics and Mental Philosophy upon then Cornell president Jacob Gould Schurman.[193]

A cornerstone of the Sage School's early endeavors was the founding of The Philosophical Review in 1891, which was the first genuine philosophical review in the United States and has since been continuously published by the Sage School since its inception.

The Sage School of Philosophy's faculty has included several prominent philosophy scholars:

In a 2024 ranking published by the Philosophical Gourmet, Sage School is ranked among the best programs at 19, and top five in the world in the fields of value theory,[194] that is their focus on moral psychology, metaethics, applied ethics, philosophy of law, social philosophy and history of philosophy[195] ranging from ancient philosophy to modern philosophy. As of 2024, Sage School is home to several notable philosophers, including Tad Brennan, John Doris, Rachana Kamtekar, Kate Manne, Julia Markovits, Andrei Marmor, Shaun Nichols, Derk Pereboom, and others.

Student life

Activities

The interior windows of Barton Hall, an on-campus field house
Fuertes Observatory on Cornell North Campus

As of the 2016–2017 academic year, Cornell had over 1,000 registered student organizations. These clubs and organizations run the gamut from kayaking to full-armor jousting, from varsity and club sports and a cappella groups to improvisational theatre, from political clubs and publications to chess and video game clubs.[197] The Cornell International Affairs Society sends over 100 Cornellians to collegiate Model United Nations conferences across North America and hosts the Cornell Model United Nations Conference each spring for over 500 high school students. The Cornell University Mock Trial Association regularly sends teams to the national championship and is ranked fifth in the nation.[198] The Cornell International Affairs Society's traveling Model United Nations team was ranked 16th in the nation as of 2010.[199] Cornell United Religious Work is a collaboration among many diverse religious traditions, helping to provide spiritual resources throughout a student's time at college. The Cornell Catholic Community is the largest Catholic student organization on campus. Student organizations also include a myriad of groups including a symphony orchestra,[200] concert bands,[201] formal and informal choral groups,[202] including the Glee Club, the Chordials[203] and other musical groups that play everything from classical, jazz, to ethnic styles in addition to the Big Red Marching Band, which performs regularly at football games and other campus events.[204]

Organized in 1868, the oldest Cornell student organization is the Cornell University Glee Club.[205] Cornell also has an active outdoor community, including Cornell Outdoor Education and Outdoor Odyssey, a student-run group that runs pre-orientation trips for first-year and transfer students. A Cornell student organization, The Cornell Astronomical Society, runs public observing nights every Friday evening at the Fuertes Observatory. The university is home to the Telluride House, an intellectual residential society. The university is also home to three secret honor societies, Sphinx Head,[206] Der Hexenkreis, and Quill and Dagger[207][208] that have maintained a campus presence for over 120 years.

Cornell's clubs are primarily subsidized financially by the Student Assembly and the Graduate and Professional Student Assembly, two student-run organizations with a collective budget of $3.0 million per year.[209][210] The assemblies also finance other student life programs including a concert commission and an on-campus theater.

Greek life, professional, and honor societies

Cornell hosts a large[211][212][213][214][215] fraternity and sorority system, with 70 chapters involving 33% of male and 24% of female undergraduates.[216][217][218] Cornell's Greek Life has an extensive history on the campus with the first fraternity, Zeta Psi, being chartered by the end of the university's first year.[219] Alpha Phi Alpha, the first intercollegiate Greek organization established for African Americans, was founded at Cornell in 1906.[220][221] Alpha Zeta fraternity, the first Greek-lettered organization established for Latin Americans in the United States, was also founded at Cornell on January 1, 1890. Alpha Zeta served the wealthy international Latin American students that came to the United States to study. This organization led a movement of fraternities that catered to international Latin American students that was active from 1890 to 1975.[222] On 19 February 1982, La Unidad Latina, Lambda Upsilon Lambda fraternity was established;[223] it would eventually become the only Latino based fraternity in the nation with chapters at every Ivy League institution.[224] Latinas Promoviendo Comunidad/Lambda Pi Chi sorority was established on 16 April 1988, making the organization the first Latina-Based, and not Latina-exclusive, sorority founded at an ivy-league institution.[225]

Cornell's connection to national Greek life is strong and longstanding. Many chapters are among the oldest of their respective national organizations, as evidenced by the proliferation of Alpha-series chapters. The chapter house of Alpha Delta Phi constructed in 1877 is believed to be the first house built in America solely for fraternity use, and the chapter's current home was designed by John Russell Pope.[226] Philanthropy opportunities are used to encourage community relations, for example, during the 2004–05 academic year, the Greek system contributed 21,668 community service and advocacy hours and raised $176,547 in charitable contributions from its philanthropic efforts.[217] Generally, discipline is managed internally by the inter-Greek governing boards. As with all student, faculty or staff misconduct, more serious cases are reviewed by the Judicial Administrator, who administers Cornell's justice system.[217]

Press and radio

The Cornell student body produces several works by way of print and radio. Student-run newspapers include The Cornell Daily Sun, an independent daily, and The Cornell Review, a conservative newspaper published fortnightly.

Other press outlets include The Cornell Lunatic, a campus humor magazine, the Cornell Chronicle, the university's newspaper of record, and Kitsch Magazine, a feature magazine co-published with Ithaca College. The Cornellian is an independent student organization that organizes, arranges, produces, edits, and publishes the yearbook of the same name; it is composed of artistic photos of the campus, student life, and athletics, and the standard senior portraits. It carries the Silver Crown Award for Journalism and a Benjamin Franklin Award for Print Design, the only Ivy League yearbook with such a distinction.[227] Cornellians are represented over the radio waves on WVBR-FM, an independent commercial FM radio station owned and operated by Cornell students. Other student groups also operate internet streaming audio sites.[228]

Housing

Risley Residential College on Cornell North Campus
One of several footbridges that span Cornell's gorges and ease commuting from housing to the various on-campus academic buildings

University housing is broadly divided into three sections: North Campus, West Campus, and Collegetown. Beginning in 1971, Cornell began experiments with co-ed dormitories and continued the tradition of residential advisors (RAs) within the campus system. Beginning in the 1990s, new students were largely assigned to the historic Baker and Boldt Hall complexes on West Campus. Since a 1997 residential initiative, West Campus houses transfer and returning students, and North Campus is mostly populated by freshmen, sophomores, and sorority and fraternity houses.[229] Prior to 2022, North Campus residents were overwhelmingly freshman, but the completion of the North Campus Residential Expansion provided housing for 800 sophomores in Toni Morrison Hall and Ganędagǫ Hall.[230]

Options for living on North Campus for upperclassmen include program houses and co-op houses. Program houses include Risley Residential College, Just About Music, the Ecology House, Holland International Living Center, the Multicultural Living Learning Unit, the Latino Living Center, Akwe:kon, and Ujamaa. The co-op houses on North are The Prospect of Whitby, Triphammer Cooperative, Wait Avenue Cooperative, Wari Cooperative, and Wait Terrace.[231] On West Campus, there are three university-affiliated cooperatives, 660 Stewart Cooperative, Von Cramm Hall, Watermargin, and one independent cooperative, Cayuga Lodge. In an attempt to create a sense of community and an atmosphere of education outside the classroom and continue Andrew Dickson White's vision, a $250 million reconstruction of West Campus created residential colleges there for undergraduates.[232] The idea of building a house system can be attributed in part to the success of Risley Residential College, the oldest continually operating residential college at Cornell.[233] In 2018, Cornell announced its North Campus Residential Expansion project, which was completed in Fall 2022. The university added 2,000 beds on North Campus through five new dorms and a dining hall. Ruth Bader Ginsburg Hall, Hu Shih Hall, and Barbara McClintock Hall are located on the east end of North Campus and are exclusively for freshmen. Sophomores have the option to live in Toni Morrison Hall or Ganędagǫ Hall, which are located on the west end of North Campus.[234]

Schuyler House, which was formerly a part of Sage Infirmary,[235] has a dorm layout. Maplewood Apartments, Hasbrouck Apartments, and Thurston Court Apartments are apartment-style, some even allowing for family living. Off campus, many single-family houses in the East Hill neighborhoods adjacent to the university have been converted to apartments. Private developers have also built several multi-story apartment complexes in the Collegetown neighborhood. Nine percent of undergraduate students reside in fraternity and sorority houses, although first semester freshmen are not permitted to join them.[236] Cornell's Greek system has 67 chapters and over 54 Greek residences that house approximately 1,500 students. About 42% of Greek members live in their houses.[237] Housing cooperatives or other independent living units exist, including Telluride House, the Center for Jewish Living, Phillips House (located on North Campus, 1975 all women; 2016, all men), and Center for World Community (international community, off campus, formed by Annabel Taylor Hall, 1972, mixed gender).[238] The cooperative houses on North include The Prospect of Whitby, Triphammer Cooperative, Wait Avenue Cooperative, Wari Cooperative, and Wait Terrace.[231] There also are cooperative housing options not owned by Cornell, including Gamma Alpha and Stewart Little.

As of 2023, Cornell's dining system was ranked second in the nation by The Princeton Review.[239] The university has 29 on-campus dining locations, including 10 "All You Care to Eat" cafeterias.[240] North Campus is home to three of these dining halls: Morrison Dining by Morrison Hall, North Star Dining Room in the Appel Commons, and Risley Dining in Risley Hall.[240] West Campus houses 6 dining halls, 5 of which accompany the West Campus residential houses: Cook House Dining Room, Becker House Dining Room, Rose House Dining Room, Jansen's Dining Room at Hans Bethe House, and Keeton House Dining Room.[240] Also located on West Campus is 104West!, a kosher/multicultural dining room.[240] Central Campus has Okenshields, a dining hall in Willard Straight Hall.[240]

Various Cornell housing facilities

Athletics

Cornell football taking on Harvard at Harvard Stadium in October 2019

Cornell University's 35 varsity intercollegiate athletic teams are known as the Cornell Big Red.[241] Cornell is an NCAA Division I institution and competes as a member of the Ivy League and the Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC), the largest athletic conference in North America.[242] Cornell's varsity athletic teams consistently challenge for NCAA Division I titles in a number of sports, including men's wrestling, men's lacrosse, men's ice hockey, and rowing. As an Ivy League member, Cornell is prohibited from offering athletic scholarships.[243]

Cornell's football team had at least a share of the national championship four times before 1940[244][245] and has won the Ivy League championship three times, last in 1990.[246]

In 2010, the men's basketball team appeared for the first time in the NCAA tournament's East Regional semifinals, known as the "Sweet 16." Cornell was the first Ivy League basketball team to make the semifinals since 1979.[247]

Cornell Outdoor Education

Cornell runs one of the largest collegiate outdoor education programs in the country, serving over 20,000 people every year. The program runs over 130 different courses including but not limited to: Backpacking and Camping, Mountain Biking, Bike Touring, Caving, Hiking, Rock and Ice Climbing, Wilderness First Aid, and tree climbing.[248] COE also oversees one of the largest student-run pre-freshman summer programs, known as Outdoor Odyssey.[249] Most classes are often entirely taught by paid student instructors and courses count toward Cornell's physical education graduation requirement.[250]

Cornell Outdoor Education includes the Lindseth Climbing Wall, which was renovated in 2016 and now includes 8,000 square feet of climbing surface up from 4,800 square feet previously.[251]

Cornelliana

Started in 1901, Dragon Day is an annual tradition celebrating a feat by freshman architecture students to construct a colossal dragon that is paraded through the Ithaca campus.
The ivy-covered emblem of Ezra Cornell circumscribed by the university motto

Cornelliana is a term for Cornell's traditions, legends, and lore. Cornellian traditions include Slope Day, a celebration held on the last day of classes of the spring semester, and Dragon Day, which includes the parading of a dragon built by architecture students. Dragon Day is one of the school's oldest traditions and has been celebrated annually since 1901, historically on or near St. Patrick's Day. The dragon is built by the first-year architecture students in the week preceding the start of Spring Break. Taunting messages are left for the engineering students during the week leading into Dragon Day, with pranks, a "nerd walk," and even "green streak" (in which the students paint themselves green) often targeting engineers and their classes. On Dragon Day, the dragon is paraded around central campus by the first-year students, starting behind Rand Hall and moving through Cornell until eventually returning towards the Arts Quad. During the parade, the upper-year architecture students walk behind the dragon in various costumes, typically constructed by themselves for the event. Throughout much of its history, the dragon was then set afire upon its arrival to the arts quad, but that has since been discontinued due to environmental regulations.[252][253][254]

According to legend, if a virgin crosses the Arts Quad at midnight, the statues of Ezra Cornell and Andrew Dickson White will walk off their pedestals, meet in the center of the Quad, and shake hands, congratulating themselves on the chastity of students. There is also another myth that if a couple crosses the suspension bridge on North Campus, and the young woman does not accept a kiss from her partner, the bridge will fall. If the kiss is accepted, the couple is assured a long future together.[255]

The university is also host to various student pranks. On at least two different occasions, the university has awoken to find something odd atop the 173-foot (52.7 m) tall McGraw clock tower, once a 60-pound (27 kg) pumpkin and another time a disco ball. Because there is no access to the spire atop the tower, how the items were put in place remains a mystery.[256] The colors of the lights on McGraw tower change to orange for Halloween and green for St. Patrick's Day.[257] The clock tower also plays music.

The school colors are carnelian (a shade of red) and white, a play on "Cornellian" and Andrew Dickson White. A bear is commonly used as the unofficial mascot, which dates back to the introduction of the mascot "Touchdown" in 1915, a live bear who was brought onto the field during football games.[11] The university's alma mater is "Far Above Cayuga's Waters," and its fight song is "Give My Regards to Davy." People associated with the university are called "Cornellians."

Health

Cornell offers a variety of professional and peer counseling services to students.[258] Formerly called Gannett Health Services until its name change in 2016, Cornell Health offers on-campus outpatient health services with emergency services and residential treatment provided by Cayuga Medical Center.[259] For most of its history, Cornell provided residential medical care for sick students, including at the historic Sage Infirmary.[260] Cornell offers specialized reproductive health and family planning services.[261] The university also has a student-run Emergency Medical Service (EMS) agency. The squad provides emergency response to medical emergencies on the campus at Cornell and surrounding university-owned properties. Cornell EMS also provides stand-by service for university events and provides CPR, First Aid and other training seminars to the Cornell community.[262]

The university received attention for a series of six student suicides by jumping into a gorge that occurred during the 2009–10 school year, and after the incidents added temporary fences to the bridges which span area gorges.[263] In May 2013, Cornell indicated that it planned to set up nets, which will extend out 15 feet, on five of the university's bridges.[264] Installation of the nets began in May 2013 and were completed over the summer of that year.[263] There were cases of gorge-jumping in the 1970s and 1990s.[265] Before this abnormal cluster of suicides, the suicide rate at Cornell had been similar to or below the suicide rates of other American universities, including a period between 2005 and 2008 in which no suicides occurred.[266][267]

In 2023, Cornell Health was criticized for failure to provide adequate gynecological care.[268] Despite claiming to provide sexual healthcare,[269] Cornell Health does not have any gynecologists on staff. Resolutions have been passed by the Faculty Senate and Cornell Student Assembly calling on the university to hire a gynecologist.[270] The university maintains that Cornell Health's primary care physicians are qualified in treating common gynecological issues, including chronic pelvic pain, and that patients requiring more specialized care or surgical intervention are referred to gynecologists off-campus.[271]

Campus police

Cornell University Police protect the campus and are classified as peace officers and have the same authority as the Ithaca city police. They are similar to the campus police at Ithaca College, Syracuse University, and University of Rochester because those campus police are classified as armed peace officers. The Cornell University Police are on campus and on-call 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. Their duties include: patrolling the university around the clock, responding to emergencies and non-emergency calls for service, crime prevention services, active investigation of crimes on campus, enforcement of state criminal and motor vehicle laws, and campus regulations.[272]

Notable people

Cornell University has numerous notable faculty and alumni who have gone on to do noteworthy things. As of October 2023, Cornell faculty members, researchers, and alumni include 62 Nobel laureates.[17]

Faculty

Cornell University's 1916 faculty

As of 2023, Cornell University had 1,637 full-and part-time professional faculty members affiliated with its main campus, excluding faculty affiliated with Weill Cornell Medical Center, the university's medical school.[16] Since its 1865 founding, many Cornell University's faculty have received global and national recognition across nearly all academic disciplines.

As of the 2005–06 academic year, Cornell faculty included three Nobel laureates, a Crafoord Prize winner, two Turing Award winners, a Fields Medal winner, two Legion of Honor recipients, a World Food Prize winner, an Andrei Sakharov Prize winner, three National Medal of Science winners, two Wolf Prize winners, five MacArthur award winners, four Pulitzer Prize winners, a Carter G. Woodson Scholars Medallion recipient, 20 National Science Foundation career grant holders, a recipient of the National Academy of Sciences Award, a recipient of the American Mathematical Society's Steele Prize for Lifetime Achievement, a recipient of the Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics, and three Packard Foundation grant holders.[16]

Notable Cornell faculty have included Kurt Lewin, known as the "father of social psychology", who was a Cornell professor from 1933 to 1935.[273] Norman Borlaug, considered the "father of the Green Revolution", taught at the university from 1982 to 1988,[274] and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the Congressional Gold Medal, and 49 honorary doctorates.[275] Frances Perkins joined the Cornell faculty in 1952, where she served until her death in 1965, after serving as the first female member of the Cabinet of the United States, where she served as the U.S. Secretary of Labor; Perkins was a witness to the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire in her adolescence and, as Secretary of Labor, went on to champion the National Labor Relations Act, the Fair Labor Standards Act, and the Social Security Act. Buckminster Fuller was a visiting professor at Cornell in 1952,[276] and Henry Louis Gates, African American Studies scholar and subject of an arrest controversy and White House "Beer Summit," taught at Cornell from 1985 to 1989.[277] Plant genetics pioneer Ray Wu invented the first method for sequencing DNA, considered a major breakthrough in genetics, since it enabled researchers to more closely understand how genes work.[278][279] Emmy Award-winning actor John Cleese, known for his roles in Monty Python, James Bond, Harry Potter, and Shrek, has taught at Cornell since 1999.[280] Charles Evans Hughes taught in the law school from 1893 to 1895 before becoming Governor of New York, United States Secretary of State, and Chief Justice of the United States.[281] Georgios Papanikolaou, who taught at Cornell's medical school from 1913 to 1961, invented the Pap smear test for cervical cancer.[282] Robert C. Baker ('43), widely credited for inventing the chicken nugget, taught at Cornell from 1957 to 1989. Carl Sagan, who narrated and co-wrote the Emmy and Peabody Award-winning PBS series Cosmos: A Personal Voyage and won a Pulitzer Prize for his book, The Dragons of Eden, was a professor at the university from 1968 to 1996.[283] M. H. Abrams, founding editor of The Norton Anthology of English Literature, was a professor emeritus of English at Cornell.[284] James L. Hoard, a scientist who worked on the Manhattan Project and an expert in crystallography, was a professor emeritus of chemistry and taught from 1936 to 1971.[285] Vladimir Nabokov taught Russian and European literature at Cornell between 1948 and 1959.[286]

Notable current and former Cornell faculty

Alumni

The Cornell Club of New York in New York City, a focal point for alumni

As of 2024, Cornell University had over 250,000 living alumni,[287] including 34 Marshall Scholars and 31 Rhodes Scholars.[16][18] Cornell is the only university or college in the world with four female alumni, Pearl S. Buck, Barbara McClintock, Toni Morrison, and Claudia Goldin, who have won unshared Nobel Prizes.[17][288] Many alumni maintain university ties through the annual homecoming reunion weekend each fall, through Cornell Magazine distributed to alumni,[289] and through the Cornell Club of New York in Manhattan. In 2015, Cornell ranked fifth nationally among U.S. universities and colleges for gifts and bequests from alumni.[290]

Cornell University alumni are noted for their accomplishments in public, professional, and corporate life.[16][291] Cornell alumni include four heads of state, Lee Teng-hui, President of Taiwan from 1988 to 2000,[292] Tsai Ing-wen, the first female president of Taiwan from 2016 to 2024,[293] Mario García Menocal, the President of Cuba from 1913 to 1921,[294] and Jamshid Amuzegar ('50), Prime Minister of Iran from 1977 to 1978.[295]

Among senior U.S. government officials, Cornell alumni include Janet Reno ('60), the first female U.S. Attorney General,[296] and Ruth Bader Ginsburg ('54), a former U.S. Supreme Court associate justice.[297] Among foreign governments, Hu Shih (1914) was a Chinese reformer and ambassador of China to the U.S. and United Nations.[298]

In academia, alumnus David Starr Jordan (1872) was founding president of Stanford University,[299] and M. Carey Thomas (1877) was the second president and first female president of Bryn Mawr College.[300]

In military service, Matt Urban ('41), a Medal of Honor recipient, holds the distinction as one of the most decorated soldiers in World War II.[301]

In business, Cornellians include Citigroup CEO Sanford Weill ('55),[302](p42) Goldman Sachs Group chairman Stephen Friedman ('59),[303] Kraft Foods CEO Irene Rosenfeld ('75, '77, '80),[304] Autodesk CEO Carl Bass ('83),[305] Aetna CEO Mark Bertolini ('84),[306] S.C. Johnson & Son CEO Fisk Johnson ('79, '80, '82, '84, '86),[307] Chevron Chairman Kenneth T. Derr ('59),[308] Sprint Nextel CEO Dan Hesse ('77),[309] Verizon CEO Lowell McAdam ('76),[310] MasterCard CEO Robert Selander ('72),[311] Coors Brewing Company CEO Adolph Coors III ('37),[312] Loews Corporation Chairman Andrew Tisch ('71),[313] Burger King founder James McLamore ('47),[314] Hotels.com founder David Litman ('79),[315] PeopleSoft founder David Duffield ('62),[316] Priceline.com founder Jay Walker ('77),[317] Staples founder Myra Hart ('62),[318] Qualcomm founder Irwin M. Jacobs ('56),[319] Tata Group CEO Ratan Tata ('62),[320]Nintendo of America President and COO Reggie Fils-Aimé,[321] Johnson & Johnson worldwide chairman Sandi Peterson,[322] Pawan Kumar Goenka, MD of Mahindra & Mahindra, and Y Combinator founder Paul Graham ('86).

In medicine, alumnus Robert Atkins ('55) developed the Atkins Diet,[323] Henry Heimlich ('47) developed the Heimlich maneuver,[324] Wilson Greatbatch ('50) invented the pacemaker,[325] James Maas ('66; also a faculty member) coined the term power nap,[326] C. Everett Koop ('41) served as Surgeon General of the United States,[327] and Anthony Fauci served as Chief Medical Advisor to the President during the COVID-19 pandemic.[328][329][330]

Among inventors, Cornellians include Thomas Midgley Jr. ('11), who invented Freon,[331] Jon Rubinstein ('78), who is credited with the development of the iPod,[332] and Robert Tappan Morris, who developed the first computer worm on the Internet.

In science, Bill Nye ('77) is known as "The Science Guy."[333] Clarence W. Spicer invented the 'universal joint' for automobiles while a student in 1903.

Eight Cornellians have served as NASA astronauts. Steve Squyres ('81) is the principal investigator on the Mars Exploration Rover Mission.[334] In aerospace, Otto Glasser ('40) directed the U.S. Air Force program that developed the SM-65 Atlas, the world's first operational Intercontinental ballistic missile. Yolanda Shea is a research scientist in the Science Directorate at the Langley Research Center.[335]

In literature, Toni Morrison (M.A.'50; Nobel laureate) authored the novel Beloved, Pearl S. Buck (M.A.'25; Nobel laureate) authored The Good Earth,[336] and Thomas Pynchon ('59) wrote canonical works of post-World War II fiction, including Gravity's Rainbow and The Crying of Lot 49. Junot Díaz ('95) wrote The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao for which he won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction,[337] and E. B. White (1921) authored Charlotte's Web and Stuart Little.[338] Kurt Vonnegut, who attended but did not graduate, wrote extensively for The Cornell Daily Sun during his studies at Cornell and went on to author Slaughterhouse-Five and Cat's Cradle. Lauren Weisberger ('99) wrote The Devil Wears Prada, which was later adapted into a 2006 film of the same name starring Meryl Streep and Anne Hathaway.

In media, Cornell alumni include liberal commentators Bill Maher ('78) and Keith Olbermann ('79)[339] and conservative author Ann Coulter ('84).[302](p41)

In theatre and entertainment, Cornell alumni include actor Christopher Reeve ('74), who played Superman,[302](p42) Frank Morgan, who played the title role of The Wizard in the MGM movie The Wizard of Oz, and Peter Yarrow ('59) of the folk band Peter, Paul and Mary, who wrote the song Puff, the Magic Dragon, and other classic songs. Howard Hawks ('18) directed classic films, including Bringing Up Baby (1938), His Girl Friday (1940), and Rio Bravo (1959).

In architecture, alumnus Richmond Shreve (1902) designed the Empire State Building,[340] and Raymond M. Kennedy ('15) designed Hollywood's famous Grauman's Chinese Theatre.[341] In the arts, Arthur Garfield Dove (1903) is often considered the first American abstract painter. Louise Lawler ('69) is a pioneering feminist artist, photographer, and member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

In athletics, Cornell graduates include football legend Pop Warner (1894),[342] head coach of the U.S. men's national soccer team Bruce Arena ('73),[343] Major League Baseball commissioner Rob Manfred ('80)[344] National Hockey League commissioner Gary Bettman ('74),[345] six-time Stanley Cup winning hockey goalie Ken Dryden ('69),[346] tennis singles world # 2 Dick Savitt,[347] seven-time US Tennis championships winner William Larned, Toronto Raptors president Bryan Colangelo ('87),[348] and Kyle Dake, four-time NCAA division I college wrestling national champion.

Notable Cornell University alumni

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The others are the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Tuskegee University.
  2. ^ The university's charter was amended on 24 April 1867, to specify alumni-elected trustees;[25] however, that provision was not implemented until there were at least 100 alumni[26] in 1872.[27] Also in 1865, the election of the Harvard University Board of Overseers was shifted to alumni voting.
  3. ^ Other consists of Multiracial Americans & those who prefer to not say.
  4. ^ The percentage of students who received an income-based federal Pell grant intended for low-income students.
  5. ^ The percentage of students who are a part of the American middle class at the bare minimum.

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Further reading

External links