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Хьюстон Астрос

Houston Astros — американская профессиональная бейсбольная команда из Хьюстона . Astros соревнуются в Главной лиге бейсбола (MLB) как клуб-член Американской лиги (AL) Западного дивизиона , перейдя в дивизион в 2013 году после того, как провели свои первые 51 сезон в Национальной лиге (NL). [6] [7] Они являются одним из двух клубов высшей лиги, базирующихся в Техасе; Texas Rangers принадлежат к тому же дивизиону.

Основанные как Houston Colt .45s , Astros вошли в Национальную лигу в качестве команды расширения в 1962 году вместе с New York Mets . Нынешнее название, отражающее роль Хьюстона как хозяина Космического центра Джонсона , было принято три года спустя, когда они переехали в Astrodome , первый в истории спортивный стадион с куполом и так называемое «Восьмое чудо света». Astros переехали в Minute Maid Park в 2000 году . [8] Команда играла в дивизионе NL West с 1969 по 1993 год, затем в дивизионе NL Central с 1994 по 2012 год, прежде чем была переведена в AL West в рамках реорганизации MLB в 2013 году.

Astros опубликовали свой первый победный рекорд в 1972 году и впервые вышли в плей-офф в 1980 году , прежде чем выиграть в общей сложности три титула дивизиона на протяжении 1980-х годов. Возглавляемые Killer B's , группой выдающихся игроков, среди которых были единственные члены Зала славы Astros Крейг Биггио и Джефф Багвелл , Astros начали достигать большой известности в конце 1990-х и начале 2000-х годов с четырьмя дополнительными титулами дивизиона и двумя появлениями Wild Card , достигнув кульминации в своем первом появлении в Мировой серии в 2005 году , где они были разгромлены Chicago White Sox из Американской лиги .

После крупного спада в течение следующего десятилетия, в 2011 году команду купил владелец бизнеса Джим Крейн за 680 миллионов долларов. Под руководством Крейна Astros приняли саберметрику и стали пионерами новых аналитических технологий при переходе в Американскую лигу, и к середине 2010-х годов превратились из исторически посредственной франшизы в один из самых доминирующих и успешных клубов MLB, возглавляемый такими звездами, как Хосе Альтуве . С тех пор Astros выиграли более 100 игр за четыре сезона и появились в рекордных семи подряд сериях чемпионатов Американской лиги , выиграв четыре из последних семи вымпелов Американской лиги. В эту эпоху Astros выиграли Мировую серию 2017 года , свой первый чемпионат, против Los Angeles Dodgers ; однако эта победа вызвала споры и негативную реакцию фанатов после того, как Astros были замешаны в скандале с кражей знаков . Позже они выступили в Мировой серии в 2019 году против Washington Nationals , в 2021 году против Atlanta Braves и в 2022 году против Philadelphia Phillies , выиграв свой второй титул в последней серии. Часто упоминаемая как лучшая команда в Американской лиге, команда с устойчивым успехом с 2015 года заставила некоторых объявить Astros династией. [9] [10] [11] Они являются единственной командой, которая выиграла серию постсезона в течение семи сезонов подряд. Их пятый вымпел в 2022 году сделал их второй командой, созданной в эпоху расширения, которая выиграла пять вымпелов лиги (после Mets), и пятой командой расширения, которая выиграла два чемпионата Мировой серии. В 2024 году Astros завоевали свой титул дивизиона AL West в седьмой раз за восемь лет и стали первой командой, которая выиграла дивизион AL West в течение четырех лет подряд с 1971–1975 Oakland Athletics . [12]

«Астрос» сохраняют ярую фан-базу и прочное мировое признание, отчасти из-за их склонности к поиску и подписанию иностранных игроков, [ по мнению кого? ], но также навлекли на себя враждебность после скандала с кражей подписей. [13] [14] Во время выступления в Национальной лиге «Астрос» соперничали с «Брэйвз» и « Сент-Луис Кардиналс» , но после перехода в Американскую лигу стали соперничать в дивизионах с « Сиэтл Маринерс» и «Техас Рейнджерс» (известно как Серия Одинокой Звезды ), а также периодически соперничать в постсезоне с « Нью-Йорк Янкиз» .

С 1962 года по конец сезона 2024 года рекорд «Астрос» за все время составляет 5009–4965–5 (.502). Помимо того, что у них больше всего матчей в постсезоне среди команд расширения, они являются единственной командой эпохи расширения с рекордным количеством побед. [15] В 2024 году «Астрос» стали второй командой эпохи расширения, которая достигла отметки в 5000 побед. [16]

История франшизы

Высшая лига бейсбола приходит в Техас

Фотография команды «Хьюстон Буффало» 1905 года

С 1888 по 1961 год профессиональным бейсбольным клубом Хьюстона была низшая лига Houston Buffaloes . Хотя расширение Национальной лиги в конечном итоге привело команду MLB в Техас в 1962 году , должностные лица Хьюстона прилагали усилия для этого в течение многих лет до этого, с групповыми усилиями, предпринятыми в 1952 году, чтобы купить St. Louis Cardinals за 4,25 миллиона долларов, но вместо этого были выбраны местные владельцы. [17] [18] Было четыре человека, которые в основном отвечали за привлечение Высшей лиги бейсбола в Хьюстон: журналист/промоутер Джордж Киркси, Крейг Каллинан-младший , RE "Боб" Смит , известный нефтяник и магнат недвижимости в Хьюстоне, которого, как и Каллинана, привлекли из-за его финансовых ресурсов, и судья Рой Хофхайнц , бывший мэр Хьюстона и судья округа Харрис, которого наняли за его умение продавать и политический стиль. Они основали Ассоциацию спорта Хьюстона (Houston Sports Association, HSA) в качестве инструмента для получения права на участие в высшей лиге для города Хьюстон. [19]

Учитывая отказ MLB рассматривать расширение, Киркси, Каллинан, Смит и Хофхайнц объединили усилия с потенциальными владельцами из других городов и объявили о создании новой лиги, чтобы конкурировать с уже существующими Национальной и Американской лигами. Они назвали новую лигу Континентальной лигой . Желая защитить потенциальные новые рынки, обе существующие лиги решили расшириться с восьми команд до десяти. Однако в конечном итоге планы по франшизе Хьюстона провалились после того, как владелец Houston Buffaloes Марти Мэрион не смог прийти к соглашению с HSA о продаже команды. [20] Что еще хуже, Континентальная лига в целом распалась в августе 1960 года.

Однако 17 октября 1960 года Национальная лига предоставила франшизу на расширение Ассоциации спорта Хьюстона, чтобы они начали играть в сезоне 1962 года. Согласно Конституции Главной лиги бейсбола , Ассоциация спорта Хьюстона должна была получить территориальные права от Хьюстонских Буффало, чтобы играть в районе Хьюстона, в результате чего Ассоциация пересмотрела переговоры. [21] [22] В конце концов, 17 января 1961 года Ассоциация спорта Хьюстона преуспела в приобретении Хьюстонских Буффало, которые на тот момент принадлежали Уильяму Хопкинсу. [23] Баффы отыграли один последний сезон в низшей лиге в качестве лучшей фермерской команды Чикаго Кабс в 1961 году, прежде чем их сменил городской клуб NL.

Новая команда Хьюстона была названа Colt .45s после того, как конкурс «Назови команду» выиграл Уильям Ирвинг Недер. Colt .45 был хорошо известен как «ружье, которое выиграло запад». [24] Выбранными цветами были темно-синий и оранжевый. Первая команда была сформирована в основном через драфт расширения после сезона 1961 года. Colt .45s и их кузены расширения, New York Mets , по очереди выбирали игроков, оставшихся без защиты других франшиз Национальной лиги.

Многие игроки и сотрудники, связанные с организацией Houston Buffaloes, продолжили играть в высшей лиге. Менеджер Гарри Крафт , который присоединился к Houston в 1961 году, оставался на той же должности в команде до конца сезона 1964 года . Генеральный менеджер Спек Ричардсон также продолжил работу в организации в качестве бизнес-менеджера, но позже был повышен до генерального менеджера Astros с 1967 по 1975 год. Хотя большинство игроков для франшизы высшей лиги были получены через драфт расширения Главной лиги бейсбола 1961 года , игроки Buffs Джей Си Хартман , Пидж Браун , Джим Кэмпбелл , Рон Дэвис , Дэйв Джусти и Дэйв Робертс были выбраны для продолжения работы в качестве игроков высшей лиги.

Аналогично, команда радиовещания осталась с новой франшизой Хьюстонской высшей лиги. Лоэль Пасс работал вместе с Джином Элстоном в качестве комментатора, пока он не ушел из вещания в 1976 году. Элстон продолжал работать с Астрос до 1986 года.

Colt .45s начали свое существование, играя на стадионе Colt Stadium , временной площадке, построенной к северу от строительной площадки их постоянного дома, купольного стадиона. Хофхайнц и его партнеры считали, что купольный стадион был необходим для того, чтобы MLB была жизнеспособна в Хьюстоне, учитывая гнетущую влажность этого района.

1962–1964: Кольт .45s

Эл Спэнглер , на фото в первой форме Colt .45s, 1963 год

Colt .45s начали свой первый сезон 10 апреля 1962 года против Chicago Cubs с Гарри Крафтом в качестве менеджера Colt .45s. Боб Аспромонте набрал первый забег для Colt .45s на трипл Эла Спэнглера в первом иннинге. [25] Они начали сезон с трех игр, выиграв у Cubs, но в итоге заняли восьмое место среди десяти команд Национальной лиги. Лучший питчер команды, Ричард «Турк» Фаррелл , проиграл 20 игр, несмотря на ERA 3,02. Стартовый игрок Colt .45s, Фаррелл в основном был запасным питчером до игры за Хьюстон. Он был выбран для обоих Матчей всех звезд в 1962 году.

В сезоне 1963 года молодые таланты смешивались с опытными ветеранами. Джимми Уинн , Расти Стауб и Джо Морган дебютировали в высшей лиге в сезоне 1963 года . Однако положение Хьюстона в турнирной таблице не улучшилось, так как Colt .45s заняли девятое место с результатом 66–96. Команда все еще строилась, пытаясь найти идеальное сочетание для конкуренции. [19] Кампания 1964 года началась с грустной ноты, так как запасной питчер Джим Умбрихт умер от рака в возрасте 33 лет 8 апреля, как раз перед днем ​​открытия . [26] Умбрихт был единственным питчером Colt .45s, который добился победного результата в первых двух сезонах Хьюстона. Он был настолько любим игроками и болельщиками, что команда вывела из обращения его номер на майке, 32, в 1965 году. [27]

На горизонте уже виднелась структура нового купольного стадиона, и вскоре она изменила способ просмотра бейсбола в Хьюстоне и по всей лиге. 1 декабря 1964 года команда объявила о смене названия с Colt .45s на «Astros». [28] [29] [30]

1965–1970: Великие индореры

Теперь, когда судья Рой Хофхайнц стал единственным владельцем франшизы, а новое место было готово, переименованные Astros переехали на свой новый купольный стадион, Astrodome , в 1965 году. Название отдавало дань уважения положению Хьюстона как центра национальной космической программы — недавно к юго-востоку от города открылся новый Центр пилотируемых космических аппаратов NASA . Astrodome, называемый «Восьмым чудом света», мало что сделал для улучшения результатов домашней команды на поле. Хотя было достигнуто несколько «крытых» первых результатов, команда все равно заняла девятое место в турнирной таблице. Посещаемость была высокой не из-за достижений команды, а потому что люди приезжали издалека, чтобы увидеть Astrodome.

Табло Хьюстонского стадиона «Астродом» во время игры между командами «Астрос» и «Кардиналс» 7 июня 1969 года.
Астродом в 1965 году

Как раз когда волнение вокруг Астродома улеглось, сезон 1966 года нашел что-то новое, чтобы снова поставить куполообразный стадион в центр внимания — поле. Трава не росла в новом парке, так как панели крыши были окрашены, чтобы уменьшить блики, из-за которых игроки как Астрос, так и гостевых команд пропускали обычные поп-флайсы. Был создан новый искусственный газон под названием « AstroTurf », и Хьюстон был вовлечен в еще одно изменение в способе игры. [31]

С новым менеджером Грэди Хэттоном «Астрос» начали сезон 1966 года уверенно. К маю они были на втором месте в Национальной лиге и выглядели как команда, которая может бороться. Джо Морган был назван стартовым игроком в команде всех звезд . Успех не продлился долго, так как они потеряли Джимми Уинна на сезон после того, как он врезался в ограждение аутфилда в Филадельфии , а Морган сломал коленную чашечку. [19] В сезоне 1967 года первый бейсмен Эдди Мэтьюз присоединился к «Астрос». Слаггер выбил свой 500-й хоумран, находясь в Хьюстоне. Его обменяли в конце сезона, а Дуг Рэйдер был повышен до высшей лиги. Новичок Дон Уилсон сделал ноу-хиттер 18 июня. Уинн также внес некоторый энтузиазм в 1967 году. 5 футов 9 дюймов в Уинне становился известным не только тем, как часто он выбивал хоумраны, но и тем, как далеко он их выбивал. Уинн установил клубные рекорды, сделав 37 хоумранов и 107 RBI. Также в 1967 году Уинн совершил свой знаменитый хоумран на Interstate 75 в Цинциннати . [32] К концу сезона «Астрос» снова оказались на девятом месте с процентом побед ниже .500. Команда выглядела хорошо на бумаге, но не могла заставить это работать на поле.

15 апреля 1968 года состоялась дуэль питчеров на все времена. Дон Уилсон из Astros и Том Сивер из Mets встретились в битве, которая длилась шесть часов. Сивер отыграл десять иннингов, не допустив ни одного уока и сделав всего два хита. Уилсон отыграл девять иннингов, допустив пять хитов и три уока. После того, как стартеры вышли, одиннадцать реливеров (семь для Mets и четыре для Astros) попытались закончить игру. Игра наконец закончилась в 24-м иннинге, когда Боб Аспромонте нанес удар в сторону шорт-стопа Mets Эла Вайса . Вайс был идеален весь вечер на короткой позиции, но он был недостаточно быстр, чтобы сделать ставку. Мяч пролетел в левое поле, позволив Норму Миллеру забить гол. [33]

С расширением бейсбола и обменами, Astros кардинально изменились в 1969 году . Аспромонте был отправлен в Braves, а Расти Стауб был продан в Montreal Expos в обмен на аутфилдера Хесуса Алоу и первого бейсмена Донна Кленденона . Однако Кленденон отказался отчитываться перед Хьюстоном, решив уйти в отставку и устроиться на работу в компанию по производству ручек. Astros попросили комиссара Боуи Куна аннулировать сделку, но тот отказался. Вместо этого он наградил Astros Джеком Биллингемом и леворуким питчером для завершения сделки. Куэльяр был продан в Baltimore Orioles на Курта Блефари . Среди других новых игроков были кэтчер Джонни Эдвардс , инфилдер Денис Менке и питчер Денни Лемастер . Уилсон продолжал блестяще играть и 1 мая бросил второй ноу-хиттер в своей карьере. В той игре он вычеркнул 18 отбивающих, сравнявшись с рекордом за всю историю. Ему было всего 24 года, и он уступал только Сэнди Коуфаксу по количеству побед без хитов в карьере. Ноу-хиттер Уилсона зажег огонь в Astros после неудачного месяца апреля, а шесть дней спустя команда сравнялась с рекордом высшей лиги, сделав семь дабл-плей в игре. К концу мая Astros собрали серию из десяти побед. Тандем инфилда Хьюстона Менке и Джо Моргана продолжал улучшаться, обеспечивая мощь на пластине и отличную защиту. У Моргана было 15 хоумранов и украденных 49 баз, в то время как Менке лидировал в Astros с 90 RBI. Удар Менке/Моргана начал оживать, и команда реагировала на стиль управления Уокера. Astros доминировали в серии сезона против своих близнецов расширения, New York Mets. В одной игре в Нью-Йорке Денис Менке и Джимми Уинн набрали очки в одном иннинге против команды Mets, которая в том же году выиграла Мировую серию. Astros завершили сезон 1969 года с результатом 81 победа, 81 поражение, что стало их первым сезоном с показателем .500 мячей.

В 1970 году ожидалось, что Astros станут серьезной угрозой в Национальной лиге Запад. В июне 19-летний Сесар Седеньо был вызван и сразу же показал признаки того, что он суперзвезда. Доминиканский аутфилдер отбивал .310 после вызова. Чтобы не отставать, Менке отбивал .304, а Хесус Алоу отбивал .306. Средний показатель отбивания Astros вырос на 19 очков по сравнению с предыдущим сезоном. [32] [34] Команда выглядела хорошо, но ERA Astros вырос. У Ларри Диркера и Уилсона были победные рекорды, но у питчингового состава в целом был не сезон. Хьюстон занял четвертое место в 1970 году.

1971–1974: Мальчики в оранжевом

Модные тенденции 1970-х годов начали укореняться в бейсболе. Длинные волосы и яркие цвета начали появляться на форме команд, включая форму Астрос. В 1971 году Астрос внесли некоторые изменения в свою форму: они сохранили тот же стиль, что и в предыдущих сезонах, но поменяли цвета. То, что было темно-синим, теперь стало оранжевым, а то, что было оранжевым, теперь стало более светлым оттенком синего. Фамилии игроков были добавлены на заднюю часть майки. В 1972 году ткань формы также была изменена на то, что в то время произвело революцию в отрасли — полиэстер. Ремни были заменены эластичными поясами, а майки застегивались на молнии вместо пуговиц. Форма стала популярной среди болельщиков, но просуществовала только до 1975 года, когда Астрос потрясли бейсбол и мир моды. [35]

Единственным изменением в 1971 году была форма. Приобретение Роджера Метцгера из Chicago Cubs в межсезонье переместило Менке на первую базу, а Боба Уотсона в аутфилд. Astros начали медленно, и средние показатели подачи и отбивания упали. Ларри Диркер был выбран для участия в Матче всех звезд в 1971 году, но из-за травмы руки не смог принять участие. Сесар Седеньо лидировал в клубе с 81 RBI и в лиге с 40 даблами, но отбивал всего .264 и имел 102 страйкаута во втором сезоне с Astros. [36] Питчер JR Ричард дебютировал в сентябре 1971 года в матче против Giants .

Большая торговля

Член Зала славы Джо Морган (1963–1971, 1980) был продан в Цинциннати после сезона 1971 года.

В ноябре 1971 года Astros и Cincinnati Reds совершили одну из самых громких сделок в истории спорта [37] и помогли создать Большую Красную Машину 1970-х годов [38] , причем Reds получили лучшую сторону сделки. Хьюстон отправил второго игрока с базы Джо Моргана , инфилдера Дениса Менке , питчера Джека Биллингема , аутфилдера Сесара Херонимо и перспективного Эда Армбристера в Цинциннати за первого игрока с базы Ли Мэя , второго игрока с базы Томми Хелмса и инфилдера Джимми Стюарта . Эта сделка заставила поклонников Astros и бейсбольный мир чесать головы, почему генеральный менеджер Спек Ричардсон отказался от столь многого за столь малую цену. Reds, с другой стороны, решили множество проблем. У них был неудачный год в 1971 году, но в 1972 году они стали обладателями Вымпела Национальной лиги [37] .

Приобретение Ли Мэя добавило сил составу в 1972 году . У Мэя, Уинна, Рэйдера и Седеньо было по 20 или более хоумранов, а Уотсон отбил 16. Седеньо также лидировал в Астрос со средним показателем отбивания .320, 55 украденными базами и провел впечатляющие игры на поле. Седеньо сыграл свою первую игру всех звезд в 1972 году и стал первым игроком Астрос в истории команды, который отбил за цикл в августе против Редс. Астрос закончили укороченный забастовкой сезон с результатом 84–69, их первый победный сезон. [19]

Болельщики Astros надеялись на большее в 1973 году , но этого не произошло. Количество очков Astros снизилось, хотя те же пять отбивающих годом ранее все еще выбивали мяч из парка. Ли Мэй лидировал в Astros с 28 хоум-ранами, а Сесар Седеньо отбивал .320 с 25 хоум-ранами. Боб Уотсон достиг отметки .312 и набрал 94 очка. Дуг Рэйдер и Джимми Уинн оба набрали по 20 или более хоум-ранов. Однако травмы их питчеров ограничили Astros четвертым местом со счетом 82–80. В следующем году Astros снова финишировали на четвертом месте под руководством нового менеджера Престона Гомеса . [19] [39]

1975–1979: Осторожное корпоративное владение

С дефицитом Astrodome в 38 миллионов долларов контроль над Astrodomain (включая Astros) [40] перешел от Роя Хофхайнца к GE Credit и Ford Motor Credit. Кредиторы были заинтересованы только в сохранении стоимости активов команды, поэтому любые потраченные деньги должны были быть найдены или сэкономлены где-то еще. [41] Тэл Смит вернулся в Astros из New York Yankees, чтобы найти команду, которой требовалось много работы и не было много денег. Однако были некоторые яркие моменты, которые оказались хорошими инвестициями в ближайшем будущем.

Год начался с грустной ноты. Питчер Дон Уилсон был найден мертвым на пассажирском сиденье своего автомобиля 5 января 1975 года; причиной смерти стало удушье угарным газом. Уилсону было 29 лет. Номер Уилсона 40 был выведен из обращения 13 апреля 1975 года. [35]

В сезоне 1975 года была представлена ​​новая форма Astros. Многие команды отходили от традиционной формы, и Astros не были исключением. От груди вниз форма представляла собой сплошной блок желтых, оранжевых и красных полос. [42] Также была большая темно-синяя звезда над средней частью. Те же разноцветные полосы спускались по штанинам. Номера игроков появлялись не только на задней части майки, но и на штанине. Яркие полосы должны были выглядеть как огненный след, как ракета, несущаяся по небесам. Форму раскритиковали критики, но публике она понравилась, и ее версии начали появляться на уровне старшей школы и младшей лиги. Форма настолько отличалась от того, что носили другие команды, что Astros носили ее как дома, так и на выезде до 1980 года. [35]

Сесар Седеньо (1970–1981) — рекордсмен франшизы по количеству перехватов (487).

Помимо яркой новой формы, произошли и другие изменения. Ли Мэй был продан в Балтимор на нашумевшего новичка, второго игрока с базы Роба Эндрюса, и универсального игрока Эноса Кабелла . В Балтиморе Кабелл застрял позади третьего игрока с базы Брукса Робинсона , но он воспользовался своей возможностью в Хьюстоне и стал их повседневным третьим игроком с базы. [43] Кабелл в последующие годы стал важной частью успеха команды. После ухода Мэя Боб Уотсон смог перейти на первую базу и стал ярким пятном в составе, отбивая .324 с 85 RBI.

Два самых больших шага, которые Astros сделали в межсезонье, были приобретения Джо Никро и Хосе Круза . Astros купили Никро у Braves почти за бесценок. Никро прыгал по высшим лигам с минимальным успехом. Его старший брат Фил Никро начал обучать Джо бросать наклбол, и Джо только начал использовать его, когда пришел в Astros. Никро выиграл шесть игр, спас четыре игры и имел ERA 3,07. [44] Приобретение Хосе Круза у Cardinals стало еще одной большой победой. [45] Круз стал неотъемлемой частью аутфилда Astros на несколько лет и в конечном итоге вывел свой номер 25 из обращения.

Несмотря на высокие ожидания, 1975 год был одним из худших для Astros в истории франшизы. Их показатель 64–97 был намного хуже, чем даже показатель Colt .45, выпущенного в рамках расширения, и оставался худшим показателем в истории франшизы до 2011 года . Это был худший показатель в бейсболе, и менеджер Престон Гомес был уволен в конце сезона и заменен Биллом Вирдоном . Astros отыграли .500 мяча под руководством Вирдона в последних 34 играх сезона. [35] С Вирдоном в качестве менеджера Astros значительно улучшились в 1976 году, заняв третье место с показателем 80–82. Здоровый Сесар Седеньо был ключевой причиной успеха Astros в 1976 году. Боб Уотсон продолжал демонстрировать последовательность и возглавлял клуб со средним показателем .313 и 102 RBI. Хосе Круз стал повседневным левым полевым игроком Хьюстона и отбивал .303 с 28 украденными базами. [46] [47] 1976 год ознаменовал конец игровой карьеры Ларри Диркера в качестве «Астро», но прежде чем все закончилось, он сделал ноу-хиттер и выиграл 1000-ю игру в «Астродоме». [48] «Астрос» снова заняли третье место в 1977 году с результатом 81–81. [35]

Одной из самых больших проблем, с которой столкнулись Astros в конце 1970-х, было то, что они не могли конкурировать на рынке свободных агентов. Ford Motor Credit Company все еще контролировала команду и хотела продать Astros, но не хотела тратить деньги на лучших игроков. Большинство талантов были либо выращены на фермах, либо куплены по дешевке.

Сезон 1979 года оказался большим поворотом в истории Astros. В межсезонье Astros попытались исправить некоторые из своих проблемных зон. Они обменяли Флойда Баннистера в Сиэтл на шорт-стопа Крейга Рейнольдса и приобрели кэтчера Алана Эшби из Торонто на питчера Марка Лемонджелло . Рейнольдс и Эшби оба были прочны на своих позициях и дали Хьюстону столь необходимую последовательность. [49] Сезон начался с усиления питчера Кена Форша , который бросил ноу-хиттер против Braves во второй игре сезона. [35] В мае 1979 года судоходный магнат из Нью-Джерси Джон МакМаллен согласился купить Astros. Теперь, когда у руля был инвестор, Astros с большей вероятностью будут конкурировать на рынке свободных агентов. [50]

Astros играли в отличный бейсбол в течение всего сезона. Хосе Круз и Энос Кабелл оба украли по 30 баз. Джо Никро провел отличный год с 21 победой и 3,00 ERA. JR Ричард выиграл 18 игр и установил новый личный рекорд по страйкаутам - 313. Джо Самбито проявил себя с 22 сэйвами, когда Astros стали ближе. Дела шли так, как и должно было быть у команды, которая могла выиграть запад. [35] Astros и Reds сражались в последний месяц сезона. Reds опередили Astros на полторы игры. Позже в том же месяце они разделили пару, и Reds сохранили лидерство. Astros закончили с лучшим на тот момент результатом - 89–73 и 1+На 12 игры отстает от победителя NL Reds. [35]

С доктором МакМалленом в качестве единственного владельца Astros команда теперь могла бы получить выгоду, которую корпорация не могла бы им дать. Слухи о том, что Astros переезжает из Хьюстона, начали рушиться, и теперь Astros могли конкурировать на рынке свободных агентов. МакМалленом показал городу Хьюстон, что он тоже хочет победную команду, подписав близлежащего Элвина, уроженца Техаса Нолана Райана на первую сделку на миллион долларов в год. У Райана уже было четыре карьерных ноу-хиттера, и он вычеркнул 383 за один сезон. [35]

1980–1985: больше радуги и сезоны на грани

Хосе Круз (1975–1987), его номер 25 был выведен из обращения Хьюстоном

Джо Морган вернулся в 1980 году. Команда питчеров 1980 года была одной из лучших в истории Хьюстона, с фастболом Райана, наклболом Джо Никро и ужасающим 6 футов 8 дюймов ростом Джей Ар Ричарда . Команды были счастливы встретиться с Кеном Форшем , который был двузначным победителем в предыдущих двух сезонах. Ричард стал первым питчером Астрос, который начал игру всех звезд. Три дня спустя Ричарду сказали дать отдохнуть руке после медицинского осмотра, и 30 июля он упал во время тренировки. Он перенес инсульт после того, как тромб в руке, по-видимому, переместился на шею и перекрыл приток крови к мозгу. Была сделана операция, чтобы спасти ему жизнь, но Астрос потеряли своего питчера-аса после старта со счетом 10–4 с скудным показателем ERA 1,89. Ричард попытался вернуться, но больше никогда не будет подавать в матчах большой лиги. [35] [51]

После потери Ричарда и некоторых проблем в нападении, Astros скатились на третье место в дивизионе позади Dodgers и Reds. Они вернулись на первое место с победной серией из десяти игр, но Dodgers вернули себе преимущество в две игры перед прибытием в Хьюстон 9 сентября. Astros выиграли первые две игры серии, чтобы сравняться с Dodgers за лидерство в дивизионе. Astros продолжили выигрывать третью игру и вышли вперед — осталось три игры против Dodgers. Dodgers разгромили следующую серию, вынудив провести плей-офф из одной игры на следующий день. [52] Astros выиграли игру плей-офф со счетом 7–1 и вышли в свой первый постсезон.

Команда встретится с Philadelphia Phillies в серии чемпионатов Национальной лиги 1980 года . Phillies выпустили Стива Карлтона в первой игре NLCS. [35] [53] Phillies выиграют первый тайм после того, как Astros вырвутся вперед со счетом 1–0 в третьем иннинге. Кен Форш особенно сильно подал четвертый и пятый иннинги, но Грег Лузински выбил бомбу из двух ранов в шестом иннинге на 300 мест на стадионе Veterans Stadium . Phillies добавили страховой забег на пути к победе со счетом 3–1. [19] Хьюстон отыгрался, чтобы выиграть вторую и третью игры. Четвертая игра перешла в дополнительные иннинги, и Phillies вышли вперед и выиграли в десятом иннинге. Пит Роуз начал розыгрыш с одного аута, затем Лузински сделал дабл от левой стены поля, а Роуз выбил кэтчера Брюса Бочи, чтобы набрать победный забег. «Филлис» получили страховку на пути к тому, чтобы сравнять счет в серии. [19]

Новичок-питчер Филлис Марти Бистром был отправлен менеджером Филадельфии Далласом Грином на встречу с ветераном Ноланом Райаном в пятой игре. Новичок пропустил забег в первом иннинге, затем держал Астрос в страхе до шестого иннинга. Лидерство Астрос было потеряно, когда Боб Бун отбил сингл с двумя аутами во втором иннинге, но Астрос сравняли счет в шестом иннинге синглом Алана Эшби , набравшим очки Денни Уоллингу . Хьюстон повел 5–2 в седьмом; однако Филлис вернулись с пятью очками в иннинге. Астрос вернулись против Тага Макгроу с четырьмя синглами и двумя очками с двумя аутами. Теперь в дополнительных иннингах Гарри Мэддокс сделал дабл в Дел Ансере с одним аутом, что дало Филлис преимущество 8–7. Астрос не смогли набрать очки в конце десятого иннинга. [19] [54]

Стартовый питчер «Астрос» Нолан Райан в 1983 году

Забастовка игроков 1981 года проходила с 12 июня по 10 августа. В конечном итоге забастовка помогла Astros попасть в плей-офф. Нолан Райан и Боб Неппер набрали обороты во второй половине сезона. Райан бросил свой пятый ноу-хиттер 26 сентября и закончил сезон с показателем ERA 1,69. Неппер закончил сезон с показателем ERA 2,18. [19] После забастовки Высшая лига бейсбола взяла победителей каждой «половины» сезона и организовала дивизионный плей-офф до трех побед. Reds выиграли больше игр, чем любая другая команда в Национальной лиге, но они не выиграли ни одной половины сезона, разделенного забастовкой. Astros закончили сезон со счетом 61–49 в общем зачете, что было бы третьим результатом в дивизионе после Reds и Dodgers . Выйдя в плей-офф в качестве победителей второй половины, «Хьюстон» обыграл «Лос-Анджелес» в первых двух домашних играх плей-офф, но «Доджерс» взяли следующие три игры в Лос-Анджелесе и вышли в NLCS .

К 1982 году из состава 1980 года осталось только четыре игрока и три стартовых питчера. К августу «Астрос» вышли из борьбы за вымпел и начали перестраиваться для ближайшего будущего. Билл Вирдон был уволен с поста менеджера и заменен оригинальным Colt .45 Бобом Лиллисом . Дон Саттон попросил обменять его и был отправлен в « Милуоки Брюэрс» за наличные, а команда приобрела трех новых перспективных игроков, включая Кевина Басса . Игрок низшей лиги Билл Доран был вызван в сентябре. «Астрос» заняли четвертое место на западе, но начали появляться новые таланты. [19]

Перед сезоном 1983 года «Астрос» обменяли Дэнни Хипа в «Метс» на питчера Майка Скотта , 28-летнего игрока, у которого были проблемы с «Нью-Йорком». Арт Хоу пропустил сезон 1983 года из-за травмы, из-за чего Фил Гарнер оказался на третьей базе, а Рэй Найт — на первой. Доран занял вторую базу, став повседневным игроком второй базы в течение следующих семи сезонов. [55] «Астрос» заняли третье место в Национальной лиге Запад. [19] Сезон 1984 года начался неудачно, когда шорт-стоп Дики Тон получил удар по голове питчем и был выбит на весь сезон. В сентябре «Астрос» вызвали новичка Гленна Дэвиса после того, как он показал впечатляющие результаты в ААА. «Астрос» заняли второе место. В 1985 году Майк Скотт освоил новую подачу — фастбол с раздвоенным пальцем. Скотт, который завершил сезон с результатом 5–11, нашел свою новую подачу и стал одним из самых известных херлеров Хьюстона. В июне Дэвис попал в стартовый состав на первой базе, добавив мощи команде. В сентябре Джо Никро был продан в «Янкиз» за двух питчеров младшей лиги и левшу Джима Дешэ . «Астрос» заняли четвертое место в 1985 году. [19]

1986–1990: Глубокий забег и строительство будущего

После того, как в 1985 году «Астрос» заняли четвертое место, «Астрос» уволили генерального менеджера Эла Розена и менеджера Боба Лиллиса . Первого сменил Дик Вагнер , человек, чьи «Редс» победили «Астрос», завоевав титул чемпиона NL West в 1979 году. Последнего заменил Хэл Ланье , который, как и его наставник в Сент-Луисе Уайти Херцог , имел жесткий подход к управлению и придерживался стиля игры, сосредоточенного на подаче, защите и скорости, а не на хоум-ранах, чтобы выиграть игру. Этот стиль бейсбола, известный как «Уайтбол» , использовал преимущества стадионов с высокими заборами и искусственным газоном, которые были характерны для «Астродома». Стиль бейсбола Ланье покорил Хьюстон. До того, как Ланье пришел к власти, болельщики привыкли к редким медленным стартам Хьюстона, но с Ланье на передовой «Хьюстон» начал быстро, выиграв 13 из своих первых 19 матчей. [19] [56] [57]

Перед началом сезона Astros приобрели аутфилдера Билли Хэтчера из Cubs для Джерри Мамфри . Лэйнер также внес изменения в состав питчеров, выбрав ротацию из трех человек для начала сезона. Это позволило Ланье сохранить своих трех стартеров ( Нолан Райан , Боб Неппер и Майк Скотт ) острыми и медленно вводить новичка Джима Дешэ . Билл Доран и Гленн Дэвис удерживали правую сторону поля, а Лэйнер ротировал левую сторону. Денни Уоллинг и Крейг Рейнольдс противостояли питчерам-правшам, в то время как Фил Гарнер и Дики Тон отбивали против левшей. Ланье знал, что у Astros есть талант, и он использовал его в работе. [19] [58]

Майк Скотт выиграл в 1986 году премию Сая Янга Национальной лиги и стал MVP Национальной лиги

Astrodome был местом проведения Матча всех звезд 1986 года , в котором Astros Майк Скотт , Кевин Басс , Гленн Дэвис и Дэйв Смит представляли принимающее поле. Astros не отставали от NL West после перерыва на Матч всех звезд. Они продолжили серию из пяти побед подряд. Хьюстон вынес ключевую серию из 3 игр против San Francisco Giants в конце сентября, чтобы завоевать титул дивизиона. Майк Скотт занял позицию в последней игре серии и сделал ноу-хиттер — единственный раз в истории MLB, когда какой-либо дивизион был завоеван ноу-хиттером. Скотт закончил сезон с результатом 18–10 и наградой Cy Young Award . [19] [59] [60]

Матч чемпионата Национальной лиги 1986 года против New York Mets был отмечен своей драматичностью и считается одним из величайших матчей постсезона. В третьей игре Astros лидировали на стадионе Shea Stadium со счетом 5–4, в конце 9-го иннинга, когда близкий Дейв Смит пропустил два хоумрана Ленни Дайкстре , обеспечив Mets драматичную победу со счетом 6–5.

Однако знаковой игрой серии стала игра 6. Нуждаясь в победе, чтобы добраться до Майка Скотта (который доминировал в серии) в игре 7, Astros вырвались вперед со счетом 3–0 в первом иннинге, но ни одна из команд не набрала очков до 9-го иннинга. В 9-м стартовый питчер Боб Неппер пропустил два очка, и снова Astros обратились к Дэйву Смиту, чтобы закрыть его. Однако Смит вывел Гэри Картера и Даррила Строберри , отдав жертвенный флай Рэю Найту , сравняв счет. Несмотря на то, что у него были пробеги на базе, Смит смог выйти из иннинга без дальнейших повреждений.

Счет не набирался до 14-го иннинга, когда Mets вышли вперед благодаря синглу Уолли Бэкмана и ошибке левого полевого игрока Билли Хэтчера . Astros вернули себе преимущество в конце 14-го иннинга, когда Hatcher (в классическом моменте превращения козла в героя) выбил один из самых драматичных хоум-ранов в истории NLCS , от левого фол-пойнта. В 16-м иннинге Darryl Strawberry сделал дабл, чтобы начать иннинг, и Ray Knight вывел его домой в следующем ат-бэте. Mets набрали в общей сложности три очка в иннинге, чтобы выйти вперед, как казалось, непреодолимое преимущество 7–4. Несмотря на то, что на кону был их сезон, Astros все равно набрали два очка, чтобы сравнять счет до 7–6. Кевин Басс сравнял счет и выиграл очко на базе; однако Джесси Ороско выбил его из игры, закончив игру. В то время 16-иннинговая игра удерживала рекорд как самая длинная в истории постсезона MLB. Mets выиграли серию со счетом 4–2.

После сезона 1986 года команде было трудно снова добиться успеха. Произошло несколько изменений. «Радужная» форма была постепенно отменена, команда решила сохранить пятиполосный «радужный» дизайн на рукавах. Фавориты команды Нолан Райан и Хосе Круз [61] ушли, и команда вступила в фазу перестройки. Крейг Бигджио дебютировал в июне 1988 года, присоединившись к новым перспективам Кену Каминити и Джеральду Янгу . Бигджио стал ежедневным ловцом к 1990 году. Обмен Джеффа Багвелла на Ларри Андерсена стал одной из крупнейших сделок в истории Астрос. Гленн Дэвис был продан в Балтимор на Курта Шиллинга , Пита Харниша и Стива Финли в 1990 году.

1991–1999: Тонкая настройка и первый ребрендинг

The early 1990s were marked by the Astros' growing discontent with their home, the Astrodome. After the Astrodome was renovated for the primary benefit of the NFL's Houston Oilers (who shared the Astrodome with the Astros since the 1960s), the Astros began to grow increasingly disenchanted with the facility. Faced with declining attendance at the Astrodome and the inability of management to obtain a new stadium, in the 1991 off-season Astros management announced its intention to sell the team and move the franchise to the Washington, D.C. area. However, the move was not approved by other National League owners, thus compelling the Astros to remain in Houston. Shortly thereafter, McMullen (who also owned the NHL's New Jersey Devils) sold the team to Texas businessman Drayton McLane in 1993, who committed to keeping the team in Houston.

Shortly after McLane's arrival, which coincided with the maturation of Bagwell and Biggio, the Astros began to show signs of consistent success. After finishing second in their division in 1994 (in a strike year), 1995, and 1996, the Astros won consecutive division titles in 1997, 1998, and 1999. In the 1998 season, the Astros set a team record with 102 victories. However, each of these titles was followed by a first-round playoff elimination, in 1998 by the San Diego Padres and in 1997 and 1999 against the Atlanta Braves. The manager of these title teams was Larry Dierker, who had previously been a broadcaster and pitcher for the Astros. During this period, Bagwell, Biggio, Derek Bell, and Sean Berry earned the collective nickname "The Killer Bs". In later seasons, the name came to include other Astros, especially Lance Berkman.[62]

Coinciding with the change in ownership, the team switched uniforms and team colors after the 1993 season in order to go for a new, more serious image. The team's trademark rainbow uniforms were retired, and the team's colors changed to midnight blue and metallic gold. The "Astros" font on the team logo was changed to a more aggressive one, and the team's traditional star logo was changed to a stylized, "flying" star with an open left end. It marked the first time since the team's inception that orange was not part of the team's colors. Despite general agreement that the rainbow uniforms identified with the team had become tired (and looked too much like a minor league team according to the new owners), the new uniforms and caps were never especially popular with many Astros fans.

Final Astros regular season game in the Astrodome on October 3, 1999

Off the field, in 1994, the Astros hired one of the first African American general managers, former franchise player Bob Watson. Watson would leave the Astros after the 1995 season to become general manager of the New York Yankees and helped to lead the Yankees to a World Series championship in 1996. He would be replaced by Gerry Hunsicker, who until 2004 would continue to oversee the building of the Astros into one of the better and most consistent organizations in the Major Leagues.

However, in 1996, the Astros again nearly left Houston. By the mid-1990s, McLane (like McMullen before him) wanted his team out of the Astrodome and was asking the city to build the Astros a new stadium. When things did not progress quickly toward that end, he put the team up for sale. He had nearly finalized a deal to sell the team to businessman William Collins, who planned to move them to Northern Virginia. However, Collins was having difficulty finding a site for a stadium himself, so Major League owners stepped in and forced McLane to give Houston another chance to grant his stadium wish. Houston voters, having already lost the Houston Oilers in a similar situation, responded positively via a stadium referendum and the Astros stayed put.

2000–2004: New ballpark and second rebranding

The 2000 season saw a move to a new stadium. Originally to be named The Ballpark at Union Station due to being located on the site of Union Station, it was renamed Enron Field by the season opening after the naming rights were sold to energy corporation Enron. The stadium was to feature a retractable roof, a particularly useful feature with unpredictable Houston weather. The ballpark also featured more intimate surroundings than the Astrodome. In 2002, naming rights were purchased by Houston-based Minute Maid, after Enron went bankrupt. The park was built on the grounds of the old Union Station. A replica 4-4-0 locomotive moves across the outfield and whistles after home runs, paying homage to a Houston history which had 11 railroad company lines running through the city by 1860. The ballpark previously contained quirks such as "Tal's Hill", which was a hill in deep center field on which a flagpole stood, all in fair territory. Over the years, many highlight reel catches have been made by center fielders running up the hill to make catches. Tal's Hill was removed in the 2016–2017 offseason and the center field wall was moved in to 409 feet (125 m), which the team hoped would generate more home runs.

With the change in location also came a change in attire. Gone were the blue and gold uniforms of the 1990s in favor of a more "retro" look with pinstripes, a traditional baseball font, and the colors of brick red, sand and black. These colors were chosen because ownership originally wanted to rename the team the Houston Diesels.[63] The "shooting star" logo was modified but still retained its definitive look.

The Astros moved into Minute Maid Park in 2000

After two fairly successful seasons without a playoff appearance, the Astros were early favorites to win the 2004 NL pennant. They added star pitcher Andy Pettitte to a roster that already included standouts like Lance Berkman and Jeff Kent as well as veterans Bagwell and Biggio. Roger Clemens, who had retired after the 2003 season with the New York Yankees, agreed to join former teammate Pettitte on the Astros for 2004. The one-year deal included unique conditions, such as the option for Clemens to stay home in Houston on select road trips when he wasn't scheduled to pitch. Despite the early predictions for success, the Astros had a mediocre 44–44 record at the All-Star break. A lack of run production and a poor record in close games were major issues. After being booed at the 2004 All-Star Game held in Houston, manager Jimy Williams was fired and replaced by Phil Garner, a star on the division-winning 1986 Astros. The Astros enjoyed a 46–26 record in the second half of the season under Garner and earned the NL wild-card spot. The Astros defeated the Braves 3–2 in the Division Series, but would lose the National League Championship Series to the St. Louis Cardinals in seven games. Clemens earned a record seventh Cy Young Award in 2004. Additionally, the mid-season addition of Carlos Beltrán in a trade with the Kansas City Royals helped the Astros tremendously in their playoff run. Despite midseason trade rumors, Beltrán would prove instrumental to the team's hopes, hitting eight home runs in the postseason. Though he had asserted a desire to remain with the Astros, Beltrán signed a long-term contract with the New York Mets on January 9, 2005.

2005: First World Series played in Texas

In 2005, the Astros started poorly and found themselves with a 15–30 record in late May. The Houston Chronicle had written them off with a tombstone emblazoned with "RIP 2005 Astros". However, from that low point until the end of July, Houston went 42–17 and found themselves in the lead for an NL wild card spot. July saw the best single-month record in the club's history at 22–7. Offensive production had increased greatly after a slow start in the first two months. The Astros had also developed an excellent pitching staff, anchored by Roy Oswalt (20–12, 2.94), Andy Pettitte (17–9, 2.39), and Roger Clemens (13–8 with a league-low ERA of only 1.87). The contributions of the other starters—Brandon Backe (10–8, 4.76) and rookie starters Ezequiel Astacio (3–6, 5.67) and Wandy Rodríguez (10–10, 5.53)—were less remarkable, but enough to push the Astros into position for a playoff run. The Astros won a wild card berth on the final day of the regular season, becoming the first team since the World Series champion 1914 Boston Braves to qualify for the postseason after being 15 games under .500.[64]

2005 National League championship banner at Minute Maid Park

The Astros won the National League Division Series against the Atlanta Braves, 3–1, with a game four that set postseason records for most innings (18), most players used by a single team (23), and longest game time (5 hours and 50 minutes). Trailing by a score of 6–1, Lance Berkman hit an eighth-inning grand slam to narrow the score to 6–5. In the bottom of the ninth, catcher Brad Ausmus hit a game-tying home run that allowed the game to continue in extra innings. In the bottom of the tenth inning, Luke Scott hit a blast to left field that had home run distance, but was inches foul. This game remained scoreless for the next eight innings. In the top of the 15th inning, Roger Clemens made only his second career relief appearance, pitching three shutout innings, notably striking out Julio Franco, at the time the oldest player in MLB at 47 years old; Clemens was himself 43. In the bottom of the eighteenth inning, Clemens came to bat again, indicating that he would be pitching in the nineteenth inning, if it came to that. Clemens struck out, but the next batter, Chris Burke, hit a home run to left field to send the Astros to a 7–6 victory. The National League Championship Series featured a rematch of the 2004 NLCS. The Astros lost the first game in St. Louis, but would win the next three games. Though the Astros were poised to close out the series in Game Five in Houston, Brad Lidge gave up a monstrous two-out three-run home run to Albert Pujols, forcing the series to a sixth game in St. Louis, where the Astros clinched a World Series appearance. Roy Oswalt was named NLCS MVP, having gone 2–0 with a 1.29 ERA in the series. Honorary National League President Bill Giles presented the league champion Astros with the Warren C. Giles Trophy (named for his father) for winning the series; the younger Giles had been one of the founders of the original Colt 45 team in 1962, while his father Warren had been president of the National League from 1951 to 1969.[65]

The Astros faced the Chicago White Sox in the World Series. Chicago had been considered the slight favorite but would win all four games, the first two at U.S. Cellular Field in Chicago and the final two in Houston. Game 3 marked the first World Series game held in the state of Texas, and was the longest game in World Series history, lasting 5 hours and 41 minutes.

This World Series was marked by a controversy involving the Minute Maid Park roof. MLB and Commissioner Bud Selig insisted that the Astros must play with the roof open, which mitigated the intensity and enthusiasm of the cheering Astros fans.[66]

2006–2009: The decline

In the 2006 offseason, the team signed Preston Wilson and moved Berkman to first base, ending the long tenure of Jeff Bagwell. The Astros renewed the contract with Clemens and traded two minor league prospects to the Tampa Bay Devil Rays for left-handed hitter Aubrey Huff. By August, Preston Wilson complained about his playing time after the return of Luke Scott from AAA Round Rock. The Astros released Wilson and he was signed by St. Louis. A dramatic season end included wins in 10 of their last 12 games, but the Astros missed a playoff appearance when they lost the final game of the season to the Atlanta Braves.

On October 31, the Astros declined a contract option on Jeff Bagwell for 2007, ending his 15-year Astros career and leading to his retirement. Roger Clemens and Andy Pettitte filed for free agency. On December 12, the Astros traded Willy Taveras, Taylor Buchholz, and Jason Hirsh to the Colorado Rockies for Rockies pitchers Jason Jennings and Miguel Asencio. A trade with the White Sox, involving the same three Astros in exchange for Jon Garland, had been nixed a few days earlier when Buchholz reportedly failed a physical. In the end, Taveras continued to develop and Hirsh had a strong 2007 rookie campaign, while Jennings was often injured and generally ineffective.

Astros' outfielder Orlando Palmeiro, 2007

On April 28, 2007, the Astros purchased the contract of top minor league prospect Hunter Pence. He debuted that night, getting a hit and scoring a run. By May 2007, the Astros had suffered one of their worst losing streaks (10 games). On June 28, second baseman Craig Biggio became the 27th MLB player to accrue 3,000 career hits. Biggio needed three hits to reach 3,000 and ended the night with a total of five hits. That night, Carlos Lee hit a towering walk-off grand slam in the 11th inning. Lee later quipped to the media that "he had hit a walk-off grand slam and he got second billing", considering Biggio's achievement. On July 24, Biggio announced that he would retire at the end of the season. He hit a grand slam in that night's game which broke a 3–3 tie and led to an Astros win. In Biggio's last at bat, he grounded out to Chipper Jones of the Atlanta Braves.

On September 20, Ed Wade was named general manager. In his first move, he traded Jason Lane to the Padres on September 24. On September 30, Craig Biggio retired after twenty years with the team. In November, the Astros traded RHP Brad Lidge and SS Eric Bruntlett to the Philadelphia Phillies for OF Michael Bourn, RHP Geoff Geary, and minor leaguer Mike Costanzo. Utility player Mark Loretta accepted Houston's salary arbitration and Kazuo Matsui finalized a $16.5 million, three-year contract with the team. In December, the Astros traded OF Luke Scott, RHP Matt Albers, RHP Dennis Sarfate, LHP Troy Patton, and minor-league 3B Mike Costanzo, to the Baltimore Orioles for SS Miguel Tejada. On December 14, they sent infielder Chris Burke, RHP Juan Gutiérrez, and RHP Chad Qualls to the Arizona Diamondbacks for RHP José Valverde. On December 27, the Astros came to terms on a deal with All-Star, Gold Glove winner Darin Erstad.

In January and February 2008, the Astros signed Brandon Backe, Ty Wigginton, Dave Borkowski and Shawn Chacón to one-year deals. The starting rotation would feature Roy Oswalt and Brandon Backe as numbers one and two. Wandy Rodríguez, Chacón and Chris Sampson rounded out the bottom three slots in the rotation. Woody Williams had retired after a 0–4 spring training and Jason Jennings was now with Texas. On the other side of the roster, the Astros would start without Kazuo Matsui, who was on a minor league rehab assignment after a spring training injury.

The Astros regressed in 2008 and 2009, finishing with records of 86–75 and 74–88, respectively. Manager Cecil Cooper was fired after the 2009 season. At the lowest point of the regression, child admission was free.

2010–2014: Last years in the NL and move to the AL West

The 2010 season was the first season as Astros manager for Brad Mills, who was previously the bench coach of the Boston Red Sox. The Astros struggled throughout a season that was marked by trade-deadline deals that sent longtime Astros to other teams. On July 29, the Astros' ace starting pitcher, Roy Oswalt, was dealt to the Philadelphia Phillies for J. A. Happ and two minor league players.[67][68] On July 31, outfielder Lance Berkman was traded to the New York Yankees for minor leaguers Jimmy Paredes and Mark Melancon.[69][70] The Astros finished with a record of 76–86.

On July 30, 2011, the Astros traded OF Hunter Pence, the team's 2010 leader in home runs, to the Philadelphia Phillies. On July 31, they traded OF Michael Bourn to the Atlanta Braves. On September 17, the Astros recorded their first 100-loss season in franchise history, ending the season eleven days later with an 8–0 home loss to the St. Louis Cardinals. Cardinals pitcher Chris Carpenter pitched a two-hit complete game shutout. The Cardinals would go on to win the National League Wild Card, before beating the Texas Rangers in the World Series. Lance Berkman, who was now a Cardinal, was a key player in their championship victory. The Astros finished with a record of 56–106, the worst single-season record in franchise history (a record which would be broken the following season).

In November 2010, Drayton McLane announced that the Astros were being put up for sale. McLane stated that because the Astros were one of the few franchises in Major League Baseball with only one family as the owners, he was planning his estate. McLane was 75 years old as of November 2011.[71] In March 2011, local Houston businessman Jim Crane emerged as the front-runner to purchase the franchise. In the 1980s, Crane founded an air freight business which later merged with CEVA Logistics, and later founded Crane Capital Group. McLane and Crane had a previous handshake agreement for the franchise in 2008, but Crane abruptly changed his mind and broke off discussions. Crane also attempted to buy the Chicago Cubs in 2008 and the Texas Rangers during their 2010 bankruptcy auction.[72] Crane came under scrutiny because of previous allegations of discriminatory hiring practices regarding women and minorities, among other issues. This delayed MLB's approval process. In the summer of 2011, Crane claimed those issues had been resolved, and suggested that the delays were baseball's attempt to move the Astros to the American League.[73] In October later that year, Crane met personally with MLB Commissioner Bud Selig, in a meeting that was described as "constructive".[74]

On November 15, 2011, it was announced that Crane had agreed to move the franchise to the American League for the 2013 season. The move was part of an overall divisional realignment of MLB, with the National and American leagues each having 15 teams in three geographically balanced divisions. Crane was given a $70 million concession by MLB for agreeing to the switch; the move was a condition for the sale to the new ownership group.[75] Two days later, the Astros were officially sold to Crane for $615 million after the other owners unanimously voted in favor of the sale.[6] It was also announced that 2012 would be the last season for the Astros in the NL.[76] After over fifty years of the Astros being a part of the National League, this move was unpopular with many Astros fans.[77][78] In December 2011, Jeff Luhnow was named general manager.

Astros second baseman Jose Altuve in 2014

In 2012, the Astros were eliminated from the playoffs before September 5. On September 27, the Astros named Bo Porter to be the manager for the 2013 season.

On October 3, the Astros ended over 50 years of NL play with a 5–4 loss to the Chicago Cubs and began to look ahead to join the American League. Winning only 20 road games during the entire season, the Astros finished with a 55–107 record, the worst record in all of Major League Baseball for the 2012 season, and surpassing the 2011 season for the worst record in Astros history.

On November 2, 2012, the Astros unveiled their new look in preparation for their move to the American League for the 2013 season. The navy and orange uniform returned to the original 1960s team colors, and debuted a new version of the classic navy hat with a white "H" over an orange star.[79]

On November 6, 2012, the Astros hired former Cleveland Indians director of baseball operations David Stearns as the team's new assistant general manager.[80]

The Houston Astros played their first game as an American League team on March 31, 2013, where they were victorious over their in-state division competitor, the Texas Rangers, with a score of 8–2.

On May 17, Reid Ryan, son of Nolan Ryan was introduced as president of operations.[81][82]

On September 29, the Astros completed their first year in the American League, losing 5–1 in a 14-inning game to the New York Yankees. The Astros finished the season with a 51–111 record (a franchise-worst) with a season-ending 15-game losing streak, again surpassing their worst record from the previous season. The team finished 45 games behind the division winner Oakland Athletics, further adding to their futility. This marked three consecutive years that the Astros had lost more than 100 games in a single season. They also became the first team to have the first overall pick in the draft three years in a row.

In February 2014, Nolan Ryan rejoined the Astros front office as assistant to owner Jim Crane, GM Jeff Luhnow and president of business operations Reid Ryan. From 2004 through 2008 he worked as a special assistant to the GM.[83]

For the 2014 season the team went 70–92, finishing 28 games back of the division winner Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, and placing fourth in the AL West over the Texas Rangers.

A. J. Hinch was named manager on September 29, replacing Bo Porter, who was fired on September 1.[84]

2015–2019: Return to success, first World Series title and scandal

In 2015, Dallas Keuchel led the AL with 20 victories, going 15–0 at home, an MLB record. Key additions to the team included Scott Kazmir and SS Carlos Correa who hit 22 home runs after being called up in June 2015. Second baseman Jose Altuve remained the star of the Astros' offense. On July 30, the Astros picked up Mike Fiers and Carlos Gómez from the Milwaukee Brewers. Fiers threw the 11th no-hitter in Astros history on August 21 against the Los Angeles Dodgers. Houston got the final AL playoff spot and faced the Yankees in the Wild Card Game on October 6 at New York. They defeated the Yankees 3–0, including 6.0 scoreless innings pitched by Keuchel and home runs by Colby Rasmus and Carlos Gómez.[85]

The Astros would subsequently play the AL Central champion Kansas City Royals. The Astros would split the first two games of the ALDS best-of-five series in Kansas City. The Astros won the first game at Minute Maid to take a 2–1 lead in the ALDS. In Game 4, after 7 innings, the Astros had a 6–2 lead. In the top half of the eighth inning, which took about 45 minutes to end, the Royals had taken a 7–6 lead with 5 consecutive singles and a notable error from SS Carlos Correa which tied the game as well as allowed the winning run to reach base.[86] The Astros suffered a 9–6 loss and the ALDS was tied at 2–2. Then the series went back to Kansas City, where the Royals clinched the series in the fifth game, 7–2.

The Astros entered the 2016 season as the favorites to win the AL West after a promising 2015 season. After a bad start to their season, going just 7–17 in April, the Astros bounced back and went on to have a winning record in their next four months, including an 18–8 record in June. But after going 12–15 in September, the Astros were eliminated from playoff contention. They finished in third place in the American League West Division with a final record of 84–78.

The season was marked by the Astros 4–15 record against their in-state division rival (and eventual division winner) Texas Rangers. The Astros finished the 2016 season 11 games behind the Rangers.

Many buildings in the skyline of Downtown Houston participated in cheering for the Astros during the 2017 World Series.

In 2014, Sports Illustrated predicted the Astros would win the 2017 World Series through their strategic rebuilding process.[87][88] As of June 9, 2017, the Astros were 41–16, which gave them a 13.5-game lead over the rest of their division and comfortable possession of the best record in the entire league. This was the best start in the Astros' 55-year history. The Astros entered the All-Star Break with an American League-best 60–29 record, a 16-game lead in the division, and one game shy of the best record in MLB, which had just barely slipped to the Dodgers right before the All-Star Break.

The Houston Astros began wearing this patch during the 2017 season as the Houston area recovered from the destruction caused by Hurricane Harvey.

With Hurricane Harvey causing massive flooding throughout Houston and southeast Texas, the Astros' three-game series against the Texas Rangers for August 29–31, was relocated to Tropicana Field (home of the Tampa Bay Rays), in St. Petersburg, Florida.[89] As the area recovered from the hurricane, many residents rallied around the Astros, who adopted the mantra "Houston Strong". They wore a patch on their jerseys with the mantra for the remainder of the season.[90][91]

2017 World Series MVP - George Springer

At the August 31 waiver-trade deadline GM Jeff Luhnow acquired veteran starting pitcher and Cy Young Award winner Justin Verlander to bolster the starting rotation.[92] Verlander won each of his 5 regular season starts with the Astros, yielding only 4 runs over this stretch. He carried his success into the playoffs, posting a record of 4–1 in his 6 starts, and throwing a complete game in Game 2 of the ALCS. Verlander was named the 2017 ALCS MVP.[93]

The Astros clinched their first division title as a member of the American League West division, and first division title overall since 2001. They also became the first team in Major League history to win three different divisions: National League West in 1980 and 1986, National League Central from 1997 to 1999 and 2001, and American League West in 2017.[94] On September 29, the Astros won their 100th game of the season, the second time the Astros finished a season with over 100 wins, the first being in 1998. They finished 101–61, with a 21-game lead in the division, and faced the Red Sox in the first round of the AL playoffs. The Astros defeated the Red Sox three games to one, and advanced to the American League Championship Series against the New York Yankees. The Astros won the ALCS four games to three, and advanced to the World Series to play against the Los Angeles Dodgers. The Astros defeated the Dodgers in the deciding seventh game of the World Series, winning the first championship in franchise history.[95]

The victory was especially meaningful for the Houston area, which was rebuilding after Hurricane Harvey.[96] The city of Houston celebrated the team's accomplishment with a parade on the afternoon of November 3, 2017. Houston police chief Art Acevedo estimated at least 750,000 people attended the parade.[97]

2017 AL MVP - Jose Altuve

On November 16, 2017, Jose Altuve was named the American League Most Valuable Player, capping off a season in which he accumulated 200 hits for the fourth consecutive season, led the majors with a .346 BA, and was the unquestioned clubhouse leader of the World Series champions.

The 2017 team at the White House with President Donald Trump, March 2018

On September 26, 2018, the Astros' second consecutive AL West division championship was clinched with a victory by the Seattle Mariners over the Oakland A's. For the third time in franchise history, and second consecutive season, the team won over 100 games; they finished the regular season 103–59 (a new franchise record) by sweeping a double-header against the Baltimore Orioles on September 29, 2018. The Astros swept the Cleveland Indians in the ALDS to advance to the ALCS to face the league-leading Boston Red Sox (who finished the season 108–54.) After a 7–2 victory in Game 1 of the ALCS, the Astros dropped the next four games, and Boston advanced to the World Series.

Justin Verlander, 2019 and 2022 AL Cy Young Award winner

In the offseason, the Astros signed veteran outfielder Michael Brantley, and catcher Robinson Chirinos. At the trade deadline on July 31, 2019, Houston acquired another veteran starting pitcher and Cy Young award winner Zack Greinke to bolster the starting rotation.[98] On September 22, the Astros clinched their third consecutive AL West division title. They finished the season with a record of 107–55, the best in franchise history, and the best record in MLB. They became the first team since the 2002–2004 New York Yankees to have 3 consecutive 100-win seasons. They also became the first team in MLB history to have three consecutive 100-loss seasons and three consecutive 100-win seasons in the same decade.

Entering the playoffs as the top-seeded team in both leagues, they defeated the AL Wild Card winner Tampa Bay Rays in five games in the ALDS, advancing to the ALCS for the third year in a row to face the New York Yankees. In Game 6 at Minute Maid Park, Jose Altuve hit a walk-off home run to win the pennant and send the team to its third World Series appearance. However, they lost the 2019 World Series to the Washington Nationals in seven games, taking three games in Washington but losing all four of their games at home.

On November 12, 2019, Ken Rosenthal and Evan Drellich wrote an article in The Athletic detailing allegations that the Astros had used cameras to engage in potentially illicit sign stealing against opponents, relying on allegations from former Astros pitcher Mike Fiers as a public source and other allegations from unnamed sources.[99] The Astros were alleged to have used scouts watching catchers' signs in real time behind the dugout at Minute Maid Park to crack the signs and banging a trash can loudly to indicate what kind of pitch was coming. The scandal rippled through the baseball world as videos that appeared to clearly show the scheme were published.[100] Further allegations regarding other means of relaying signs, such as whistling, surfaced in subsequent weeks.[101] MLB and Commissioner Rob Manfred announced a sweeping investigation into the allegations.[102]

On January 13, 2020, MLB announced that its investigation found that the Astros did use cameras and video monitors to steal signs of opposing catchers and signal to hitters throughout the 2017 regular season and postseason, and at least part of the 2018 season.[103] The investigation found no evidence of sign stealing in their pennant-winning 2019 season.[104] The report said that Alex Cora, then the Astros bench coach, Carlos Beltrán, and other unnamed players were involved in developing the scheme. It said Hinch "neither devised the banging scheme nor participated in it," but did not stop it or tell Cora he disapproved of it.[104]

Manfred announced that manager A. J. Hinch and general manager Jeff Luhnow were suspended for one year, the team would be fined $5 million (the maximum allowed under MLB rules), and the team would lose its top two draft picks in both the 2020 and 2021 MLB Drafts.[103] About an hour after MLB's announcement, Astros owner Jim Crane announced he had terminated both Hinch and Luhnow, saying he was unaware of the scheme and "extraordinarily troubled and upset", and concluded, "We need to move forward with a clean slate. [We] will not have this happen again on my watch."[105] In a statement, Luhnow denied knowledge of the scheme. Hinch issued a statement saying, "While the evidence consistently showed I didn't endorse or participate in the sign stealing practices, I failed to stop them and I am deeply sorry."[106]

The scandal had repercussions around baseball. Cora was implicated in the report but Manfred withheld a decision on his punishment until the completion of a separate investigation into electronic sign stealing in 2018, when Cora was manager of the Red Sox.[107] However, the report led the Red Sox to dismiss Cora two days after it was published,[108] and the Mets did the same with Beltran, who had been hired as manager shortly before the original story.[109]

2020–present: Second World Series title

On January 29, 2020, the Astros announced they hired Dusty Baker as their new manager to replace Hinch.[110][111] James Click was hired to replace Lunhow as general manager on February 2.[112]

Expectations for a full 2020 season were dashed by the COVID-19 pandemic, which forced Major League Baseball to play a 60 game season that would take place from July to September with no fans in attendance (which was later changed for the NLCS and World Series). The Astros were hampered by injuries to players such as Justin Verlander, Yordan Alvarez, and Roberto Osuna, who each suffered season-ending injuries. As such, the Astros had to rely a plethora of young arms such as Cristian Javier to go alongside veterans in Lance McCullers Jr. and Zack Greinke to accompany an offense that had just one .300 batter in Michael Brantley. The Astros went 29–31, but finished second place in the AL West to qualify for the postseason as part of the decision by MLB to have eight postseason teams in each league for 2020 to accompany a shortened season. The Astros defeated two division champions in the Minnesota Twins and Oakland Athletics to become the first team since the 1998–2001 New York Yankees to advance to the American League Championship Series four times in a row, as well as the first team with a losing regular season record to win a postseason series. In the ALCS, the Astros lost to the Tampa Bay Rays despite forcing a Game 7 after losing the first three games.

The 2021 season was the first to be played with fans in the stands for the regular season since the scandal broke. Rabid opposition for a number of fanbases went hand in hand with the challenge of replacing departed players George Springer and Josh Reddick. By the time of the break for the 2021 MLB All-Star Game, the Astros were 55–36 and contending for a top spot in the postseason, complete with four All-Star selections in Jose Altuve, Carlos Correa, Michael Brantley, and Ryan Pressly. On September 30, the Astros clinched their fourth AL West title in the span of five seasons (which was the first time they had won four division titles in five seasons since the 1998–2001 teams); the six playoff appearances in seven seasons is the best span in franchise history. Yuli Gurriel became the second Astro to win the batting title, doing so at the age of 37 with a batting average of .319.[113] The Astros beat the Chicago White Sox in the American League Division Series to advance to their fifth consecutive ALCS, a feat matched by only two teams in LCS history and the first since the Atlanta Braves of the 1990s (having made all eight contested NLCS from 1991 to 1999). Upon playing together in Game 3 of the 2021 American League Championship Series, Altuve, Correa, Gurriel, and Bregman set a new record for most games played together by four teammates at any position in MLB history, with that game being the 64th between the core four.[114] On October 22, the Astros prevailed 5–0 in Game 6 over the Boston Red Sox to win their third pennant in the last five seasons.[115] They went on to lose the 2021 World Series to the Atlanta Braves in six games.

The 2022 season opened without Carlos Correa at shortstop for the first time since 2016 as he left for the Minnesota Twins in free agency. Rookie shortstop Jeremy Peña made the Opening Day start and manned the position for the entire season. The Astros clinched the division on September 19, their second consecutive division title and their fifth in six seasons. Justin Verlander had a resurgent and historic season, leading the league with a 1.75 ERA en route to his third career Cy Young Award. Upon entering the postseason, the Astros swept the Mariners in three tightly contested ALDS games to advance to their American League record sixth consecutive ALCS. The Astros swept the Yankees to advance to the World Series for the second year in a row and fourth in six seasons. On November 2, 2022, in Game 4 of the 2022 World Series against the Philadelphia Phillies at the Citizens Bank Park, the Astros became the first team to throw a combined no-hitter in postseason history, and the second team to throw a no-hitter in World Series history after Don Larsen's perfect game with the New York Yankees in 1956.[116][117] The Astros went on to defeat the Phillies in six games, earning their second World Series title.[118] Jeremy Peña won the Series MVP Award; the first rookie position player in MLB history to do so, and the first rookie shortstop in history to hit a home run in the World Series.[119] The Astros became the first team to have a winning percentage of .622 (or better) in a six-season span (2017-2022) with multiple World Series titles since the 1953-1958 New York Yankees, and they became the sixth team since 1960 to win the World Series after losing it the previous year.[120]

During the 2022-23 offseason, Baker's contract was renewed for another year, while Click parted ways with the team following a breakdown of contractual negotiations. In February 2023, Dana Brown was hired as the new general manager for the Astros.[121][122]

The 2023 season began inauspiciously with the Astros losing their first Opening Day game since 2012 in a 3-2 loss to the Chicago White Sox. This snapped a streak of 10-straight wins on Opening Day for the club, a modern day record.[123] It was also the first season since 2017 not to feature Yuli Gurriel at first base, who signed a minor league contract with the Miami Marlins, and instead was replaced by José Abreu, who the Astros had signed to a 3-year contract during the offseason. Entering the All-Star break, the Astros had a 50-41 record while sending Yordan Álvarez, Kyle Tucker, and Framber Valdez to the Midsummer Classic. The American League, managed by Dusty Baker, lost for the first time since 2012. After losing him to free agency in the offseason, the Astros reacquired Justin Verlander from the Mets at the trade deadline to bolster their rotation. After playing well in July and August, the Astros slumped in September, battling with the Mariners and the Rangers for the division all the way until the final game of the season. The Astros and Rangers finished tied at 90-72; however, the Astros won the division by virtue of their 9-4 season record against Texas. The Astros beat the Minnesota Twins in the ALDS to advance to their American League record seventh consecutive ALCS. Ultimately, the Astros fell in seven games to the Rangers, a series in which the away team won every game, reminiscent of the Astros defeat in the 2019 World Series.

On October 25, 2023, Baker announced his retirement.[124] On November 13, 2023, Joe Espada was named the 25th manager in Astros history.[125]

The Astros began the 2024 season in dreadful fashion by losing on Opening Day to the New York Yankees 5-4. They would be swept in four games on Opening Weekend. [126]

Pitcher Ronel Blanco threw the first no-hitter of the 2024 season against the Toronto Blue Jays on April 1, 2024 as the Astros defeated Toronto 10-0. Blanco, making just his eighth career start after making the roster just a few days before, struck out seven and walked two to complete the seventeenth no-hitter in franchise history and the fourth at Minute Maid Park. [127] First-year manager Joe Espada also made history that night, becoming the first manager in MLB history to earn their first managerial win via a no-hitter. [128]

On May 13, 2024, in a game between the Astros and the Oakland Athletics, Jenny Cavnar and Julia Morales became the first two women to do the play-by-play on television for the same Major League Baseball game.[129]

On July 29, 2024 Yusei Kikuchi became the first Japanese-born player to pitch for the Astros after being traded to Houston by the Toronto Blue Jays in exchange for prospects Joey Loperfido, Will Wagner and Jake Bloss. [130] He made his debut with the Astros on August 2 against the Tampa Bay Rays, in which he tied a franchise record of eight consecutive strikeouts, previously accomplished by Don Wilson (1968), Jim Deshaies (1986) and Justin Verlander (2022). His 11 total strikeouts gave him the most in an Astros debut since Gerrit Cole in 2018. [131] The Astros went on to win his nine first starts, a franchise record and the longest streak in the majors since John Burkett with the 2002 Boston Red Sox. [132]

Outfielder Yordan Alvarez smacked three home runs on August 28, 2024 in a 10-0 victory over the Philadelphia Phillies, the third three-homer game of his career. He tied Hall of Famer Jeff Bagwell for the most three-homer games in Astros history. [133]

On September 13, 2024 the Astros secured the 5,000th win in franchise history by defeating the Los Angeles Angels, 5–3, at Angel Stadium.[16] The Astros became the second expansion team to reach 5,000 wins, following the Angels who reached the mark earlier in the season.

On September 24, 2024 the Astros clinched the AL West division title for the fourth straight year with a 4-3 victory over the Mariners, becoming the first team to win that division four seasons in a row since the Oakland Athletics won the division title from 1971 to 1975. It is their seventh division title in eight years. [134]The Astros won the 2024 division title despite beginning the season 7-19, at one point trailing the Mariners by 10 games in the AL West, becoming the first team in the expansion era to begin the season with that record and still make the playoffs. [135]

Uniforms

1962–1964: The Colt .45's

Houston's MLB franchise debuted as the Colt .45s in 1962, and the original home uniforms featured a navy pistol with orange smoke coming out of the barrel to form the "C" in "Colts". The road uniforms featured the city name written in navy block letters with orange trim, and the flag of Texas patch was placed on the left sleeve. Caps were all-navy featuring ".45s" in orange letters in front.[42]

1965–1974: Shooting stars

Renamed the Astros and moving to the Astrodome in 1965, they took to the field in home uniforms featuring the "shooting star" design. The uniforms initially featured "Astros" in navy with orange trim, and the cap now sported an orange star with "H" in block serif letters. The road uniforms remained the same save for the Astros logo replacing the Texas flag (the same logo was also applied on the home uniforms).[42]

In 1971 the Astros made some changes to their uniform: they kept the same style they had in previous seasons, but inverted the colors. What was navy was now orange and what was orange was now a lighter shade of blue. The players' last names were added to the back of the jerseys. In 1972, the uniform fabric was also changed to what was at the time revolutionizing the industry – polyester. Belts were replaced by elastic waistbands, and jerseys zipped up instead of having buttons. The uniforms became popular with fans, but would last only until 1975, when the Astros would shock baseball and the fashion world.[35]

1975–1986: Tequila sunrise/Orange rainbows

Joe Ferguson (left) wearing the original "rainbow" uniform. Hal Lanier (right) wearing the "rainbow shoulders" uniform.

The 1975 season saw the introduction of the Astros' new uniforms. Many teams were going away from the traditional uniform and the Astros were no exception. From the chest down, the uniform was a solid block of yellow, orange, and red stripes.[42] There was also a large dark blue star over the midsection. The same multi-colored stripes ran down the pant legs. Players' numbers not only appeared on the back of the jersey, but also on the pant leg. The bright stripes were meant to appear as a fiery trail like a rocket sweeping across the heavens. The uniforms were panned by critics, but the public liked them and versions started appearing at the high school and little league level. The uniform was so different from what other teams wore that the Astros wore it both at home and on the road until 1980, though it underwent a few minor modifications with the navy star and number style.[35]

1980–1993: Rainbow shoulders

Also in 1980, the Astros debuted a significantly cleaner uniform, relegating the rainbows to the sleeves. The design was initially worn on the road (with the original rainbow uniform relegated to home games), but in 1982 the rainbow shoulder look began appearing on select home games as well. In addition, the navy cap returned with this uniform and the orange cap was eventually retired in 1983. By 1987, this uniform became the Astros' primary look, retiring the original rainbow uniforms. When it first unveiled, the rainbow shoulder uniform was light grey, but by 1982, the fabric was changed to cream. A white version was added for home games that same year. Prior to the 1989 season, the pullover design was retired and buttons and belts returned to this uniform.[42][35]

1994–1999: Midnight blue and gold

Coinciding with the change in ownership, the team switched uniforms and team colors after the 1993 season in order to go for a new, more serious image. The team's trademark rainbow uniforms were retired, and the team's colors changed to midnight blue and metallic gold. The "Astros" font on the team logo was changed to a more aggressive one, and the team's traditional star logo was changed to a stylized, "flying" star with an open left end.

Both the home and road uniforms featured a star substituting for the penultimate letter "O" in both "Astros" (home) and "Houston" (road); the road uniform was later tweaked in 1997 with the star now affixed next to the word "Houston". The letters were written in a more futuristic manner. The Astros also wore midnight blue alternates with "Astros" in white with gold trim, changed in 1997 to only feature the flying star logo. The midnight blue cap featured the flying star logo. It also marked the first time since 1982 that the Astros wore grey uniforms on the road.[42][35]

2000–2012: Railroad design

Moving to Minute Maid Park (originally Enron Field) in 2000, the Astros took to the field wearing vintage-inspired uniforms. For the first time, navy was not part of the team's palette, and the Astros uniforms featured brick red, sand and black colors. The colors were inspired by the location of their new ballpark which formerly housed a railroad depot.

Primary home uniforms featured black pinstripes with "Astros" in black script letters and numbers in red. The road uniforms sported "Houston" in red script letters and black numbers. Alternate white uniforms without pinstripes featured all letters in brick red with sand trim, initially with the brick red star logo on the left chest before switching to the "Astros" wordmark by 2002. The Astros also wore black alternate home and road uniforms, with "Houston" (road) and "Astros" (home) emblazoned in front, but switched to brick red alternates by 2002. The letters on both uniforms are in sand with brick red trim. Black caps with the updated star in red became the primary cap while a red cap with the sand star was used as an alternate.[42][35]

Astros' "railroad" uniforms

2013–present: Return to navy and orange

In 2013, the Astros returned to the classic navy and orange look of previous eras. Both uniforms featured the city name (road) and team name (home) in block navy letters with orange trim, along with numbers on the left chest. Piping was also added in front. The orange alternate contained the team name and numbers in navy with white trim. The Astros also wore navy uniforms with the orange rainbow stripes along the side; the front originally featured the "H" star before replacing it with "Astros" in orange in 2016. Navy caps with the "H" and orange star returned as the team's primary cap, while a navy cap with orange brim was used on select games. Until 2015, the Astros also wore all-orange caps with the home uniforms, and from 2016 to 2018, the navy alternates were paired occasionally with an orange cap with navy brim.[42][35] While the navy alternates are usually worn on Sunday home games, in recent years, it became the preferred uniform during Framber Valdez's starts regardless of it being a home or road game.[136]

In 2022, the Astros were one of seven additional teams to wear Nike's "City Connect" uniforms. The predominantly navy uniform incorporated the "Space City" wordmark in homage to NASA's "worm" logo; the lettering and numbers also incorporated said style. The uniform also added various elements from the "Tequila sunrise" uniforms of the 1970s, including numerals on the right leg and red/orange/yellow gradients on the piping and socks. The left sleeve patch has the modified Texas flag recolored to the Astros' navy and orange motif, with the "H-star" logo replacing the white star. All-navy caps feature the modified "H-star" logo incorporating a planet in orbit. This uniform is usually worn on Monday home games.[137] On September 22nd, 2024, the Astros announced that they would wear the "Space City" uniforms for the final time. The team will receive a new "City Connect" uniform in 2025. [138]

Current Astros uniforms

Achievements

Franchise record

As of the completion of the 2023 season

Awards

Darryl Kile Award

Two awards are presented each year, one to a Houston Astro and one to a St. Louis Cardinal, each of whom exemplifies Kile's virtues of being "a good teammate, a great friend, a fine father and a humble man." The winner is selected by each local chapter of the Baseball Writers' Association of America.[140]

Team captains

Team records

Retired numbers

Source:[141]

While not officially retired, the Astros have not reissued number 57 since 2002, when former Astros pitcher Darryl Kile died as an active player with the St. Louis Cardinals. The number 42 is retired by Major League Baseball in honor of Jackie Robinson.

Hall of Fame

Baseball Hall of Fame members

Ford C. Frick Award recipients

Astros Hall of Fame

On January 26, 2019, the team announced plans for a team Hall of Fame along with an inaugural class of inductees (including all retired numbers and members of the 2012 Walk of Fame), complete with an orange jacket and renderings for each of the inductees. The Astros Hall of Fame (with sponsorship by Houston Methodist) is currently located in the former Home Run Alley area of the ballpark under the new name of Hall of Fame Alley, beginning in March that revealed a series of plaques on Hall of Fame weekend on August 2 and induction the next day.[142] A display was installed in the Union Station lobby on January 31 that included the jerseys and hats of the first class of inductees. The 2020 season belayed induction of the second group of Hall of Fame members until August 7 of the 2021 season.[143] While there was no class of 2021, the committee dedicated to electing a broad representation of Astros did elect a class of 2022 for August of the impending season, selecting Terry Puhl and Tal Smith as the next inductees into the Astros Hall.[144][145][146][147]

Jeff Bagwell (1991–2005), Hall of Famer
Craig Biggio (1988–2007), Hall of Famer

Texas Sports Hall of Fame

Lance Berkman (1999–2010)

Roster

Spring training

The Astros have held their spring training at The Ballpark of the Palm Beaches in West Palm Beach, Florida since 2017. They share the stadium with the Washington Nationals.[148]

From 1985 to 2016, the Astros held spring training at Osceola Heritage Park in Kissimmee, Florida.[149]

Minor league affiliations

The Houston Astros farm system consists of seven minor league affiliates.[150]

Rivalries

Divisional

Lone Star Series: Texas Rangers

The Silver Boot is awarded annually to the winner of the Lone Star Series

The Lone Star Series (also, Silver Boot Series) is a Major League Baseball rivalry featuring Texas' two major league franchises, the Texas Rangers and Astros. It is an outgrowth of the "natural rivalry" established by MLB as part of interleague play as the Rangers are a member of the American League and the Astros were a member of the National League until 2012.

During interleague play, the winner of the 6-game series was awarded the Silver Boot. A 30-inch (760 mm) tall display of a size-15 cowboy boot cast in silver, complete with a custom, handmade spur. If the series was split (3–3), the winner was the club which scored the most runs over the course of the series.

In 2013, the Astros joined the American League West with the Rangers and changed their rivalry from an interleague to an intra-division rivalry, the Astros played their first game in the American League against the Rangers on Sunday Night Baseball that season. In 2015, both teams made the playoffs and were in a tight division race during most of the season.[151] Both teams qualified for the postseason again in 2023. While the teams had identical regular season records of 90—72, the Astros won the division title for their better head-to-head record (9—4), whilst the Rangers clinched the wild card berth. The Astros and Rangers had their first postseason matchup in the 2023 ALCS, with the Rangers ultimately winning in seven games.[152][153]

Seattle Mariners

Fairly recently, the Astros have grown an increasingly competitive rivalry with the Seattle Mariners as both teams have fought handily for control of the division. The resurgence of the Mariners to playoff contention in the early 2020s has fueled the rivalry in competition as the Mariners have often finished within 5 games of the Astros in the division for the past three seasons. The 2022 season saw the Mariners return to playoff success, winning their first series since 2001.[154] The Mariners and Astros were set to face off in the ALDS, but Houston would go on to win the series in a 0-3 sweep. Despite the lone playoff meeting, both teams have grown a recent history of hitting one another with pitches, and even instigating multiple brawls between players.[155] The series was very lopsided in favor of the Astros for multiple decades as Houston leads the all-time regular season series 119-73, including a 3-0 lead in the postseason.

American League

New York Yankees

The rivalry between the Astros and the New York Yankees emerged in the mid-2010s after the Astros moved to the American League and eventually ascended to title contenders. The two teams have met in four postseason rounds, all of which were won by Houston. However, like the Astros' rivalry with the Dodgers, animosity grew immediately after the Astros were revealed to have stolen signs during their 2017 championship season, as well as the Yankees' inability to overcome Houston in the playoffs despite fielding equally strong rosters.[156] Both teams are tied all-time with 43 wins apiece, but the Astros own a 13–5 postseason record.

National League

Los Angeles Dodgers

The series between the Astros and the Los Angeles Dodgers had initially begun as a divisional matchup but following Houston's realignment to the American League, the rivalry regained intensity as the two teams played one another in the 2017 World Series in which the Astros controversially won the championship in 7 games. Animosity was quick to grow further after the Astros' widely publicized sign stealing scandal had drawn negative attention to the organization after it was revealed the team had utilized a complex system to steal pitch signs, particularly during the 2017 World Series. As a result of the scandal, hostility grew immensely between the two teams and their fans.[157] The Dodgers lead the all time series 400-334, both teams are tied in postseason wins 6-6.

Radio and television

Since 2013, the Astros' flagship radio station is KBME, Sportstalk 790 AM (a Fox Sports Radio affiliate). Previously, the team had a partnership with KTRH (740 AM) which went from 1999 to 2012 (both stations are owned by iHeartMedia). This change suddenly made it difficult for listeners outside of Houston itself to hear the Astros, as KTRH runs 50 kilowatts of power day and night, and KBME runs only five kilowatts. As a result, KTRH is audible across much of Central, East, and South Texas, whereas KBME can only be heard in Houston, especially after dark. Milo Hamilton, a veteran voice who was on the call for Hank Aaron's 715th career home run in 1974, retired at the end of the 2012 season, after broadcasting play-by-play for the Astros since 1985. Dave Raymond and Brett Dolan shared play-by-play duty for road games, while Raymond additionally worked as Hamilton's color analyst (while Hamilton called home games only for the past few seasons before his retirement); they were not retained and instead brought in Robert Ford and Steve Sparks to begin broadcasting for the 2013 season.[158]

Spanish language radio play-by-play is handled by Francisco Romero, and his play-by-play partner is Alex Treviño, a former backup catcher for the club.

During the 2012 season Astros games on television were announced by Bill Brown and Jim Deshaies. In the seven seasons before then, Astros games were broadcast on television by Fox Sports Houston, with select games shown on broadcast TV by KTXH. As part of a ten-year, $1 billion deal with Comcast that includes a majority stake jointly held by the Astros and the Houston Rockets, Houston Astros games moved to the new Comcast SportsNet Houston at the beginning of the 2013 season.[159] On September 27, 2013, CSN Houston filed for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy and surprising the Astros who own the largest stake.[160] After being brought out of bankruptcy by DirecTV Sports Networks and AT&T, the channel's name was changed to Root Sports Southwest then later AT&T SportsNet Southwest.

The current television team consists of Todd Kalas, Geoff Blum and reporter Julia Morales.

Mascots

In April 1977, the Houston Astros introduced their first mascot, Chester Charge. Created by Ed Henderson, Chester Charge was a Texas cavalry soldier on a horse. Chester appeared on the field at the beginning of each home game, during the seventh-inning stretch and then ran around the bases at the conclusion of each win. At the blast of a bugle, the scoreboard would light up and the audience would yell, "Charge!" [161]

Orbit, Houston Astros mascot from 1990 to 1999, 2013–present

The Astros' current mascot is Orbit, a lime-green outer-space creature wearing an Astros jersey with antennae extending into baseballs. Orbit was the team's official mascot from the 1990 through the 1999 seasons. For the 2000 season, a rabbit named Junction Jack was introduced as the team's mascot with the move from the Astrodome to then Enron Field. (Junction Jack had two "relatives", Junction Julie and Junction Jesse, who were not official mascots). Orbit returned after a 13-year hiatus on November 2, 2012, at the unveiling of the Astros' new look for their 2013 debut in the American League. The name Orbit pays homage to Houston's association with NASA and nickname Space City.[162]

Notes

  1. ^ The team's official colors are blue and orange, according to the team's mascot (Orbit)'s official website.[1]

References

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External links