2020 -е (произносится как «двадцатые двадцатые» или «две тысячи двадцатых»; сокращенно « двадцатые » и также известны как « Двадцатые ») — текущее десятилетие , которое началось 1 января 2020 года и закончится 31 декабря 2029 года. [1] [2]
Были достигнуты значительные улучшения в сложности искусственного интеллекта , причем американские компании, университеты и исследовательские лаборатории стали пионерами в этой области . [8] Приложения на основе генеративного ИИ , такие как ChatGPT и DALL-E, накопили более миллиардов пользователей и позволяют пользователям мгновенно генерировать сложные тексты, изображения, произведения искусства и видео, сопоставимые по сложности с человеческой работой, поэтому такие модели, как GPT-3 и Stable Diffusion, продемонстрировали замечательные возможности в создании текста, изображений и другого творческого контента человеческого качества. Например, GPT-3 может писать статьи, стихи и даже код, в то время как Stable Diffusion может создавать высокореалистичные изображения из простых текстовых подсказок. [9] Также были достигнуты другие технологические достижения, повлиявшие на многие, такие как широкое использование телеконференций , онлайн-обучения , потоковых сервисов , электронной коммерции и служб доставки еды, чтобы компенсировать блокировки, введенные правительствами по всему миру в первые месяцы пандемии COVID-19. Недавно в Интернете были запущены приложения социальных сетей, такие как Threads , BeReal , Clubhouse , BlueSky , Gettr и Truth Social , и представлены новые типы социальных сетей, такие как аудиоконтент и контент в краткой форме, что еще больше продвинулось в области цифровых технологий . Также появились такие формы искусства, как NFT . Сети 5G также были запущены по всему миру в начале десятилетия и стали распространены в смартфонах . Исследования космического пространства значительно ускорились в 2020-х годах, причем Соединенные Штаты в основном доминируют в исследовании космоса , включая космический телескоп Джеймса Уэбба , вертолет Ingenuity , Lunar Gateway и программу Artemis . [10] [11] Виртуальная реальность (VR) и дополненная реальность (AR) используются для удаленного сотрудничества, совещаний и обучения. Например, VR можно использовать для создания виртуальных конференц-залов, где люди могут взаимодействовать друг с другом, как если бы они находились в одной комнате. AR можно использовать для наложения цифровой информации на реальный мир, что упрощает совместную работу людей над проектами. Бесконтактные платежии мобильные кошельки стали более распространенными, предлагая удобные и безопасные варианты оплаты. Пандемия также ускорила принятие бесконтактных платежей, поскольку люди стали больше беспокоиться о распространении микробов. Мобильные кошельки, такие как Apple Pay и Google Pay , также стали более популярными, поскольку они предлагают удобный и безопасный способ оплаты товаров и услуг. [ необходима цитата ]
Политика и войны
Крупные конфликты
Наиболее значимые войны десятилетия включают в себя:
Международные войны
гражданские войны
Революции и крупные протесты
Успешные революции и другие крупные протесты десятилетия включают, среди прочего:
Распространение ядерного оружия
Террористические атаки
Примечание: Чтобы быть включенными, записи должны быть заметными (иметь отдельную статью) и описываться консенсусом надежных источников как «терроризм». Они также должны иметь 100 или более сообщенных смертей.
Наиболее значимые террористические атаки , совершенные против гражданского населения за десятилетие, включают, среди прочего:
Наиболее значимые убийства, преднамеренные убийства и покушения включают:
Катастрофы
Нестихийные катастрофы
Авиация
Общий
Стихийные бедствия
Землетрясения и цунами
Примечание: эта таблица представляет собой хронологический список землетрясений магнитудой 7,5M w или более, в результате которых погибло не менее 100 человек.
Тропические циклоны
Торнадо
Наводнения, лавины и оползни
Примечание: в этом разделе учитываются только наводнения, в результате которых погибло 200 и более человек, а также лавины и оползни, в результате которых погибло 30 и более человек.
Соглашение о выходе из ЕС вступило в силу в конце января 2020 года, а Великобритания завершила свой экономический выход из ЕС в конце того же года. [293] [294]
30 июля 2020 года NASA запустило марсоход Perseverance и беспилотный вертолет Ingenuity в рамках миссии Mars 2020 по поиску признаков древней жизни на Марсе. [310] 19 апреля 2021 года беспилотный вертолет Ingenuity совершил первый управляемый полет с использованием двигателя на планете, отличной от Земли. [311]
Королевское астрономическое общество объявило об обнаружении газа фосфина в атмосфере Венеры 14 сентября 2020 года, который, как известно, является надежным предиктором присутствия микробной жизни. [312]
После официальных релизов трех видеороликов НЛО (также известных как UAP) в 2020 году, 25 июня 2021 года будет опубликован отчет разведывательного сообщества США по этому вопросу , в котором будет сделан вывод о существовании НЛО. Это будет первый раз, когда правительство официально подтвердит существование НЛО, хотя никаких выводов о том, что это за явления, внеземные или нет, сделано не было. [313]
11 июля 2021 года Virgin Galactic стала первой космической компанией, которая самостоятельно запустила гражданского пассажира в открытый космос , используя 50-мильную проекцию космического пространства. Она подняла основателя Virgin Galactic сэра Ричарда Брэнсона выше отметки в 50 миль, что позволило ему и остальным членам экипажа испытать примерно 3 минуты невесомости над атмосферой Земли.
Космический телескоп Джеймса Уэбба был запущен 25 декабря 2021 года в 12:20 UTC с помощью ракеты-носителя Ariane 5 с космодрома Куру во Французской Гвиане .
SpaceX предприняла попытку орбитального полета Starship . Примерно через 4 минуты полета ракета претерпела « быструю незапланированную разборку », но полет все равно считался успешным, поскольку она успешно покинула стартовую площадку. [317]
18 июля «Вояджер-2» обогнал «Пионер-10» и стал вторым по удаленности от Солнца космическим аппаратом, находясь на расстоянии 133,92 а.е. (почти 12,45 миллиардов миль) от Солнца. [318] [319]
23 августа «Чандраян-3» успешно приземлился в районе южного полюса Луны, сделав Индию четвертой страной, успешно приземлившейся на Луне , и первой, сделавшей это вблизи южного полюса Луны. [322] [323]
9 декабря комета Галлея достигла самой дальней и самой медленной точки своей орбиты от Солнца, двигаясь со скоростью 0,91 км/с (2000 миль/ч) относительно Солнца. [324]
2024
19 января JAXA успешно посадило посадочный модуль Smart Lander for Investigating Moon на поверхность Луны, сделав Японию пятой страной, совершившей мягкую посадку на Луну.
14 марта в 8:25 утра по центральному времени компания SpaceX успешно запустила Starship с космодрома Starbase в Техасе и предприняла попытку приводнения в Индийском океане, которая не удалась, однако космическому аппарату удалось подняться на высоту 65 км и войти в часть атмосферы Земли.
14 октября 2024 года НАСА запустило аппарат Europa Clipper , который будет изучать спутник Юпитера Европу, находясь на орбите вокруг Юпитера.
Бум ИИ начался в 2020-х годах. Генеративный ИИ, такой как модели преобразования текста в изображение и чат-боты ИИ, был представлен общественности. Системы машинного обучения, которым в середине 2022 года требовалось несколько минут для создания размытых изображений, к середине 2023 года смогли создавать более реалистичные изображения за считанные секунды. В более ранних сборках ИИ для преобразования текста в изображение английский текст выглядел как бессмыслица , хотя это было исправлено в некоторой степени в новых моделях ИИ, таких как DALL-E 3.
Искусственный интеллект
DeepMind решает проблему сворачивания белка с точностью 90 процентов, грандиозную задачу 50-летней давности, на CASP 14 в 2020 году. [327] [328]
Поддержка ESU для Windows 7 и расширенная поддержка для Windows 8.1 и Windows RT закончились 10 января 2023 года. Некоторые версии Windows 10 , такие как Windows 10 2106 LTSB, уже вышли из основной фазы поддержки, некоторые версии полностью вышли из нее, а другие — совсем скоро, то есть 14 октября 2025 года, в то время как некоторые версии Enterprise будут поддерживаться дольше.
Технологии
BBC сообщает , что «впервые человек, у которого полностью перерезан спинной мозг, смог свободно ходить... благодаря электрическому имплантату, который был хирургическим путем прикреплен к его позвоночнику». [329]
Продажи электромобилей значительно выросли, и ожидается, что эта тенденция сохранится в течение десятилетия. [330]
NFT как форма цифрового искусства появились в 2020-х годах с такими NFT, как Everydays: the First 5000 Days . Рынок NFT пережил быстрый рост в 2020 году, его стоимость утроилась до 250 миллионов долларов США [331] За первые три месяца 2021 года на NFT было потрачено более 200 миллионов долларов США . [332] а в первые месяцы 2021 года интерес к NFT возрос после ряда громких продаж и аукционов произведений искусства. [333]
Люди с низким доходом с большей вероятностью заражались коронавирусом и умирали от него. И в Нью-Йорке, и в Барселоне районы с низким доходом были непропорционально сильно поражены случаями коронавируса. Гипотезы о том, почему это произошло, включали то, что более бедные семьи с большей вероятностью жили в переполненном жилье и работали на рабочих местах, которые считались необходимыми во время кризиса, таких как супермаркеты и уход за пожилыми людьми. В Соединенных Штатах миллионы людей с низким доходом могут не иметь доступа к медицинскому обслуживанию из-за отсутствия или недостаточного страхования . Миллионы американцев потеряли свою медицинскую страховку после потери работы. Многие работники с низким доходом в сфере услуг стали безработными.
За пандемией коронавируса последовала обеспокоенность возможным всплеском самоубийств, усугубленным социальной изоляцией из-за карантина и правил социального дистанцирования, страха, безработицы и финансовых факторов. Многие страны сообщили о росте домашнего насилия и насилия со стороны интимного партнера, приписываемого карантинам на фоне пандемии COVID-19. Финансовая нестабильность, стресс и неопределенность привели к росту агрессии дома, при этом обидчики смогли контролировать большую часть повседневной жизни своих жертв. Кризис среднего возраста является серьезной проблемой домашнего насилия, социальных последствий и самоубийств среди взрослых среднего возраста на фоне пандемии. Генеральный секретарь ООН Антониу Гутерриш призвал к «прекращению огня» в отношении домашнего насилия и кризиса среднего возраста.
Население
Население Египта достигло 100 миллионов в феврале 2020 года. [334]
24,3% всех национальных парламентариев были женщинами по состоянию на февраль 2019 года. 11 женщин занимали пост главы государства и 12 — пост главы правительства в июне 2019 года. 20,7% министров правительства были женщинами по состоянию на январь 2019 года. Существуют большие региональные различия в средних процентах женщин-парламентариев. По состоянию на февраль 2019 года это были: страны Северной Европы, 42,5%; Америка, 30,6%; Европа, за исключением стран Северной Европы, 27,2; Африка к югу от Сахары, 23,9; Азия, 19,8%; арабские государства, 19%; и Тихоокеанский регион, 16,3%. В Руанде самое большое количество женщин-парламентариев в мире, 61,3% мест в нижней палате. Около 26% избранных местных парламентариев — женщины. [338]
Team Seas — это международный совместный сбор средств, основанный YouTube-блогерами Марком Робером и MrBeast 29 октября 2021 года в качестве продолжения Team Trees . Целью сбора средств было собрать 30 миллионов долларов США для удаления 30 миллионов фунтов мусора из океана к концу года. Они также сотрудничали с Ocean Cleanup и Ocean Conservancy .
4 марта 2023 года члены Организации Объединенных Наций согласуют правовую основу Договора об открытом море , цель которого — защитить 30% мирового океана к 2030 году.
Швейцария запретила дискриминацию по признаку сексуальной ориентации в результате референдума, введя в действие закон, ранее принятый в 2018 году, который впоследствии был заблокирован правительством, потребовавшим сначала провести референдум по этому вопросу. [341]
В Северной Ирландии первый однополый брак был зарегистрирован после вступления в силу закона о легализации в январе 2020 года. [342] [343]
В Коста-Рике однополые браки и совместное усыновление детей однополыми парами стали легальными 26 мая 2020 года.
Верховный суд США постановил , что дискриминация работников на рабочем месте по признаку их сексуальной ориентации или гендерной идентичности является незаконной. [344]
В докладе Института мировых ресурсов оценивается состояние определяемых на национальном уровне вкладов (NDC), и делается вывод о том, что их необходимо усилить примерно в шесть раз для приведения в соответствие с тем, что может быть достаточным для достижения цели Парижского соглашения в 1,5 °C. [349] [350] В сводном докладе NDC РКИК ООН предполагается , что на основе последних NDC углеродный бюджет для 50% вероятности ограничения потепления до 1,5 °C будет израсходован примерно к 2032 году. [351] [352] [353] [354]
В отчете Lancet Countdown публикуются данные показателей, которые показывают, что «страны и компании продолжают делать выбор, который угрожает здоровью и выживанию людей во всех частях мира». Он призывает к немедленному, ориентированному на здоровье ответу на критическом этапе восстановления после кризисов. [351] [355]
ВМО сообщает , что уровни трех основных парниковых газов в атмосфере — углекислого газа, метана и закиси азота — достигли рекордных значений, а концентрация метана в 2021 году показала рекордный скачок. Генеральный секретарь ВМО приходит к выводу, что «мы движемся в неправильном направлении», а время «на исходе». [356] [357]
Climate Action Tracker систематически оценивает состояние прогресса в действиях по достижению климатических целей в обзоре, обнаруживая, что ни один из показателей не находится на пути к достижению своих целей к 2030 году, при этом скорость по шести показателям недостаточна, а по 21 — значительно ниже требуемого темпа, пять показателей движутся в неправильном направлении, а данных недостаточно для оценки оставшихся восьми. [358] [359] [360]
В отчете ЮНЕП о разрыве в выбросах говорится, что не существует надежного «пути» к достижению климатической цели в 1,5 °C. [361] [362] [363] [364] [365] Аналогичным образом, в синтезе РКИК ООН о «долгосрочных стратегиях развития с низким уровнем выбросов» предупреждается, что многие цели по достижению нулевого уровня выбросов «остаются неопределенными и откладывают на будущее критически важные действия, которые необходимо предпринять сейчас». [366] [367]
Ежегодный отчет Института мировых ресурсов показывает, что тропические регионы потеряли 9,3 миллиона акров первичных старовозрастных лесов в 2021 году, что на 11% меньше, чем в 2020 году, и примерно равно показателям 2018 и 2019 годов. [368] [369]
Оценка лесной декларации показывает, что сокращение вырубки лесов всего на 6,3% в 2021 году «отдаляет мир от цели по прекращению потери лесов к 2030 году». [370] [371] [372] [373]
В докладе ООН «Состояние продовольственной безопасности и питания в мире» говорится, что число людей, страдающих от голода во всем мире, выросло на 46 миллионов и достигло 828 миллионов в 2021 году. 3,1 миллиарда человек не могли позволить себе здоровое питание в 2020 году, что на 112 миллионов больше, чем в 2019 году. [374] [375]
В докладе ВОЗ указывается, что коллективный прогресс в направлении относительного снижения уровня физической активности населения на 15% к 2030 году недостаточен и что около 500 миллионов человек заболеют сердечными заболеваниями , ожирением , диабетом или другими заболеваниями, если они не увеличат свою физическую активность . [376] [377]
ОЭСР и МЭА сообщают, что мировые государственные субсидии на ископаемое топливо почти удвоились с 2020 года и достигли 700 млрд долларов в 2021 году. [ 378] [379]
Римский клуб , авторы «Пределов роста» 1972 года и исследовательские институты, такие как Потсдамский институт исследований воздействия климата , публикуют отчет «Земля для всех», в котором делается вывод о том, что для повышения благосостояния человечества решение проблемы растущего неравенства является ключом к смягчению связанных с этим проблем, таких как изменение климата, поскольку многие текущие политики непропорционально обременяют группы с низкими доходами. [380] [381] [382] [383] [384]
Индекс развития человеческого потенциала (ИРЧП): в Докладе о развитии человеческого потенциала за 2021–2022 годы сделан вывод о том, что впервые глобальное значение ИРЧП снизилось второй год подряд, а уровень жизни снизился в 90% стран. [387] [388] [389]
Сайт обмена видео TikTok оказал большое влияние на поп-культуру и музыкальную индустрию в начале 2020-х годов. За десятилетие увеличилось количество просмотров коротких видеороликов через TikTok , Instagram Reels и YouTube Shorts .
AirPods доминировали на рынке беспроводных наушников в начале 2020-х годов. На фото базовая и «Pro» модели AirPods соответственно. AirPods позволяют пользователям находиться на расстоянии нескольких футов от своего устройства через Bluetooth , технологию, не встречавшуюся в проводных наушниках предыдущих десятилетий.
Яркая разноцветная одежда стала трендом в начале 2020-х, как и более мешковатая одежда, такая как толстовки с капюшоном, представленная здесь музыкантом Билли Айлиш . 2020-е годы возродили и развили модные тенденции Y2K.
В 2020-х годах стали популярны многочисленные онлайн-сервисы доставки еды, такие как Uber Eats , Postmates , DoorDash и Grubhub , которые стали популярными во время и после пандемии COVID-19. Роботы-доставщики еды также стали популярными в 2020-х годах и, наконец, достигли точки, когда их можно было использовать для доставки еды на большие территории, такие как университетские городки .
Оливия Родриго выпустила такие синглы, как « Deja Vu » и « Good 4 U », а также свой дебютный студийный альбом Sour в 2021 году. Sour был встречен критиками и коммерческим успехом, завоевав различные награды, включая три премии Грэмми .
Использование криптовалюты стало более распространенным в 2020-х годах, такие криптовалюты, как Bitcoin и другие, были заметны. Staples Center даже был переименован в Crypto.com Arena в 2021 году. NFT как форма цифрового искусства появились в 2020-х годах с такими NFT, как Everydays: the First 5000 Days .
5G был представлен в смартфонах в начале десятилетия, когда смартфоны Samsung Galaxy Flip и iPhone 13 имели возможности 5G. Складные смартфоны также стали более популярными, хотя росли опасения по поводу долговечности складных смартфонов, поскольку некоторые складные смартфоны со временем стали мятыми/появятся складками. Кроме того, некоторые складные смартфоны легче ломаются.
Четвертая промышленная революция 2020-х годов называется промышленными изменениями с новыми технологиями, такими как ИИ , редактирование генов и передовая робототехника , которые стирают границы между физическим, цифровым и биологическим мирами. Автоматизация также продолжает захватывать человеческие рабочие места. Выше приведена фотография Tesla Bot , который Tesla, Inc. надеется начать продавать к 2027 году.
Clubhouse — приложение, запущенное в 2020 году, набрало популярность в первые месяцы пандемии COVID-19 и к декабрю 2020 года насчитывало 600 000 зарегистрированных пользователей. Главной особенностью является то, что пользователи могут общаться в аудиочатах , вмещающих группы из тысяч человек.
Начало 2020-х годов началось с роста видеоконференций из-за пандемии, в то время как многие учебные заведения и рабочие места перешли на дистанционное обучение и удаленную работу во время и после пандемии. Масштабные видеоконференции стали реальностью и более распространенными в 2020-х годах.
2020-е годы стали более прибыльной эпохой для фильмов, основанных на видеоиграх. Фильм «Super Mario Bros.» вышел в 2023 году и собрал более 1 миллиарда долларов, а Nintendo планирует открыть группу международных тематических парков под названием Super Nintendo World и музей Nintendo между 2021 и 2025 годами.
Apple Vision Pro , выпущенный в 2024 году, знаменует собой прогресс в области пространственных вычислений и гарнитур смешанной реальности . Устройство призвано объединить физическую и цифровую среду, накладывая компьютерную графику на реальную среду каждого отдельного пользователя.
В 2020-х годах идея мозговых имплантатов существовала в ранней, ограниченной форме. Компания Neuralink и исследовательская группа продемонстрировали способность обезьяны перемещать курсор компьютера с помощью нейронных сигналов, печатая связные предложения.
Популярность облачных вычислений резко возросла после и во время глобальной пандемии 2020 года. Облачные вычисления позволяют хранить данные в центрах обработки данных и просматривать их на любом устройстве, а не ограничивать доступ к фотографиям, заметкам и т. д. только этим устройством.
Цели устойчивого развития продвигают семнадцать взаимосвязанных целей, призванных служить «общим планом мира и процветания для людей и планеты, сейчас и в будущем». На рисунке выше представлена диаграмма, на которой перечислены 17 целей устойчивого развития, которые должны быть достигнуты к концу 2020-х годов.
Social media rebranding occurred during the 2020s, with Facebook, Inc. changing its name to Meta Platforms, and Twitter changing its name to X (though many people continue to call it Twitter). As well, new social applications like Threads launched.
A new EU law, which came into force in 2024, obliges plastic bottles to have caps attached to reduce plastic waste caused by the lid.
Fashion
The fashion of the early 2020s was characterized by a variety of styles and influences from different eras. During this period, the trend towards individuality and self-expression in clothing continued. Generation Z has witnessed a notable resurgence of fashion styles from the 1990s and 2000s in the fashion industry. A prominent example of this is the revival of trends such as crop tops, baggy jeans, and elements from the Y2K aesthetic.[390]
Sustainable fashion practices gained significance, with an increased awareness of environmentally friendly materials and production processes. Influences from social media culture were also unmistakable, as influencers and celebrities exerted a strong influence on fashion trends. The popularity of online platforms like Instagram and TikTok contributed to the rapid spread of trends, while simultaneously allowing niche styles and subcultures to flourish.[391]
Nintendo and Mattel made their own big-budget theatrical releases, resulting in the massive successes of The Super Mario Bros. Movie and Barbie. These films became the highest-grossing movies of 2023 internationally.
By 2020, TikTok, an online video service, had become extremely popular as a music platform on social media.[399] Users on streaming platforms such as Spotify, YouTube Music, Amazon Music and Apple Music have increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Festivals such as Coachella were cancelled because of the virus. The COVID-19 pandemic devastated the touring business.[400][401]
The ninth generation of consoles began in 2020. The industry remains dominated by Nintendo, Sony, and Microsoft with the release of the Xbox Series X/S and the PlayStation 5, while the Nintendo Switch continues to be popular from the previous decade. Technological advancements in consoles included support for real-time ray tracing graphics and output for 4K or even 8K resolution. Physical media continued to be replaced by online distribution of games, with the Xbox Series S and the PlayStation 5 Digital Edition lacking an optical drive.[6] The Steam Deck was released in 2022 as Valve's attempt to bring PC-level gaming to a Nintendo Switch-style handheld format.
The Unity Tower was finally completed on 30 September 2020. The construction of the building originally started in 1975, but stopped permanently in 1981 because of economic constraints and political unrest at the time. Due to the unfinished building's resemblance to a skeleton, it was nicknamed after Skeletor, the arch-villain in He-Man and the Masters of the Universe, which was popular in Poland at the time construction began.[409]
The COVID-19 pandemic leads to the cancellation or rescheduling of numerous sporting events globally:
The 2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympics were postponed to July–August 2021. This was the first Olympic Games to be postponed rather than cancelled in history.[410]
Due to cross-border restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic, the National Hockey League (NHL) realigns its team divisions, with all seven Canadian teams competing in their own division for the first time. Tampa Bay Lightning win the second of back-to-back Stanley Cup Finals and third championship overall, defeating the Montreal Canadiens.
With the easing of COVID restrictions in the UK, the 2021 Wimbledon Championships are held with full attendances. Novak Djokovic wins the men's singles title, his 20th Grand Slam win equaling Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal's record.
The 2020 Summer Olympics take place in Tokyo, Japan, being the country's fourth time hosting the games. The United States wins the most gold and overall medals, with China coming in second and host Japan coming in third.
The 2022 Winter Olympics take place in Beijing, China, becoming the first city to host both the summer and winter Olympic Games. Norway wins the most gold and overall medals, with Germany coming in second and host China coming in third.
The WWE and UFC announced they would merge to form a new company, majority owned by Endeavor, the parent company of UFC's owner. The deal values the newly combined company at over $21 billion: UFC being worth $12.1 billion and WWE valued at $9.3 billion. Endeavor shareholders will own 51% while WWE shareholders get 49%.
South Africa won the 2023 Rugby World Cup by defeating New Zealand in the finals. In doing so, South Africa became the second team to win back-to-back World Cups and the first team to win back-to-back World Cups away from home.
The 2024 Summer Olympics takes place in Paris, France, being the country's third time hosting the games. The United States wins the most gold and overall medals, with China coming in second and Japan coming in third.
The 2024 European Championship takes place in Germany, being the county's third time hosting the competition. Spain won the tournament by beating England 2–1 in the final.
Food
Food delivery apps such as DoorDash, Instacart, Menulog, Uber Eats, Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway flourished due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[413][414] Indoor dining was also closed in many countries due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and upon re-opening the usage of QR codes and other technologies in the restaurant industry increased compared to the 2010s in order to comply with pandemic restrictions.[415][416]
Due to the COVID-19 restrictions, online grocery shopping has substantially grown and in the first few months of the pandemic, online grocery shopping increased by 300%.[417] Before the pandemic occurred, food shopping activity accounted for 9% of the market, now 63 percent of consumers worldwide have purchased more groceries online after the outbreak than they did before they were socially isolated.[418]
The following articles contain brief timelines which list the most prominent events of the decade:
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
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